478-53-5Relevant articles and documents
Microwave-promoted acid-catalyzed rearrangement of morphinans - A high-yield synthesis of R(-)-apomorphine
Csutoras,Berenyi,Neumeyer
, p. 866 - 872 (2008)
The microwave-promoted acid-catalyzed rearrangement of morphine (1), codeine (2), and thebaine (3) was investigated. In all cases, a significant improvement in the yields were achieved compared to the traditional techniques. R(-)-Apomorphine (4), which is a clinically important dopamine agonist, was synthesized from morphine (1) in 75% yield. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Synthesis and binding studies of 2-arylapomorphines
Sondergaard, Kare,Kristensen, Jesper Langgaard,Palner, Mikael,Gillings, Nie,Knudsen, Gitte Moos,Roth, Bryan L.,Begtrup, Mikael
, p. 4077 - 4081 (2007/10/03)
From codeine, four different 2-aryl substituted apomorphines were synthesised in 6 steps each. Oxidation of codeine with IBX followed by acid catalysed rearrangement gave morphothebaine, which was selectively triflylated at the 2-position and subsequently O-acetylated at the 11-position. The resulting triflate was coupled in a Suzuki-Miyaura type reaction with a series of 4-substituted arylboronic esters which, after deprotection, gave the desired 2-aryl apomorphines. The analogues were tested for affinity towards a range of dopaminergic, serotonergic and adrenergic receptors. 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)- apomorphine exhibited high affinity for the dopamine D2 receptor. A putative ligand-receptor interaction was put forward. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2005.