7789-30-2 Usage
Chemical Properties
Bromine pentafluoride is colorless to pale yellow
fuming liquid, with pungent odor. At temperatures above
boiling point this chemical is a colorless gas.
Physical properties
Colorless to pale yellow liquid; fumes in air; density 2.466 g/mL at 25°C; boils at 40.8°C; decomposes above 460°C; solidifies at -60.5°C; reacts violently with water.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 7789-30-2 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Bromine pentafluoride (BrF5) is very corrosive to the skin and explodes when in contact
with water. It is used as an oxidizer in rocket fuel.
2. Synthesis, oxidizer in liquid rocket propellants.
3. There is very little commercial applicationof this compound. It is sometimes used as afluorinating agent and an oxidizer.
Preparation
Bromine pentafluoride is prepared by fluorination of bromine at 200°C. The reaction is carried out in an iron or copper vessel. The halogens are diluted in nitrogen.
General Description
A colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Used to make other chemicals and in rockets. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Will accelerate the burning of combustible material. If the containers are involved in a fire they may rupture violently and rocket.
Air & Water Reactions
Produces corrosive fumes in moist air. Reacts explosively upon contact with water. Very reactive, usually with conflagration [Merck, 11th ed. 1989]. Reaction with water is violent, oxygen being evolved, [Mellor 2 Supp. 1:172 1956].
Reactivity Profile
Bromine pentafluoride an oxidizing agent. Is decomposed exothermically by water to hydrofluoric acid and other materials. Reacts with these other hydrogen-containing substances (among others) vigorously enough to cause a fire or explosion: acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane, cork, grease paper, wax. Mixtures with acids, halogens, metal halides, metals, nonmetals, or metal oxides at ambient or slightly above ambient temperatures have resulted in violent reaction (nitric acid, sulfuric acid, chlorine, iodine, ammonium chloride, potassium iodide, boron powder, selenium, tellurium, aluminum powder, bismuth, cobalt powder, iron powder, arsenic, nickel powder, chromium trioxide, charcoal, red phosphorus, sulfur dioxide, magnesium oxide. Solutions of acetonitrile and 9% Bromine pentafluoride have been found to decompose violently at ambient temperatures. Mixtures of perchloryl perchlorate and Bromine pentafluoride form shock sensitive explosives. [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 640].
Hazard
Corrosive to skin and tissue. Explodes on
contact with water. Eye and upper respiratory tract
irritant.
Health Hazard
Different sources of media describe the Health Hazard of 7789-30-2 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Bromine pentafluoride is more active andtoxic than elemental fluorine or bromine tri-fluoride. The liquid is severely corrosive tothe skin. The vapors are highly irritatingto the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes.Exposure to 500 ppm vapor caused gasp ing, swelling of eyelids, cloudiness of thecornea, lacrimation, salivation, and respira tory distress in test animals (ACGIH 1986).A few minutes’ exposure to 100 ppm waslethal to most experimental animals. Chronicexposure can cause nephrosis and hepatosis.Ingestion of a few drops can cause severecorrosion and burn the mouth.
2. Chemical is highly corrosive and toxic. Inhalation causes severe burns of mucous membrane. Ingestion causes severe burns of mouth. Contact with eyes or skin causes severe burns.
Fire Hazard
Noncombustible liquid; stable to heat, shock,
and electric spark. However, bromine penta-
fluoride is a highly reactive substance. It
reacts explosively with water, producing
toxic and corrosive fumes. It decomposes in
contact with acids, producing toxic fumes of
bromine and fluorine. The reaction is violent,
especially with concentrated nitric or sulfuric
acid.Bromine pentafluoride reacts violently
with organic materials, such as carboxylic
acids, alcohols, ethers, hydrocarbons, grease,wax, and cellulose. Spontaneous flaming
and/or explosion can occur when mixed with
these or any other organic compound. Reac tions with metals in powder form and/or
upon warming can result in a violent explo sion. Ignition occurs under cold condition.
Violent reactions occur with metal halides,
oxides, and sulfides. Bromide pentafluo ride ignites when mixed with iodine and
explodes with chlorine on heating. Mixtures
of bromine pentafluoride with sulfur, phos phorus, and carbon ignite.Avoid using water in the case of fire, since
the compound explodes with water. How ever, water may be used from a safe distance
to extinguish a fire involving large amounts
of combustible materials, and to keep the
fire- exposed containers cool. Fires involving
small amounts of combustible material may
be extinguished by CO2 or a dry chemical
(NFPA 1997).
Safety Profile
A poisonous, corrosive,
and extremely reactive gas. It is a powerful
oxidizer. Will react with water or steam to
produce toxic and corrosive fumes. The
liquefied gas reacts violently with many
organic compounds and some inorganic
compounds. Explodes or ignites on contact
with hydrogen-containing materials (e.g.,
acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol,
hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane, cork,
grease, paper, wax, chloromethane). Reacts
violently and may i p t e on contact with
acids, halogens, nonmetals, metal hahdes,
metals, oxides, concentrated nitric or sulfuric acids, aluminum powder,
ammonium chloride, antimony, arsenic,
arsenic pentoxide, barium, bismuth, boron
powder, boron trioxide, calcium oxide,
carbon monoxide, charcoal, chlorine,
chromium, chromium trioxide, cobalt
powder, iodine, iodne pentoxide, iridium
powder, iron powder, lithium powder,
manganese, magnesium oxide, molybdenum,
molybdenum trioxide, nickel powder, red
phosphorus, phosphorus pentoxide, selenium, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, tellurium,
tungsten, tungsten trioxide, water, zinc.
When heated to decomposition it emits very
toxic fumes of Fand Br-. See also
BROMINE and FLUORIDES.
Potential Exposure
Bromine pentafluoride is used as an
oxidizer in liquid rocket propellant combinations; it may be
used in chemical synthesis.
Shipping
UN1745 Bromine pentafluoride 5.1; Labels:
5.1—Oxidizer, 6.1—Poison Inhalation Hazard, 8—
Corrosive material, Inhalation Hazard Zone A.
Purification Methods
Purify it via its KF complex, as described for chlorine trifluoride. [Kwasnik in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I pp 158-159 1963.] HIGHLY TOXIC.
Incompatibilities
A powerful oxidizer. Bromine pentafluoride
reacts with every known element except inert gases,
nitrogen, and oxygen. It reacts violently with water, acids,
acid fumes (releasing highly toxic fumes of bromine and
fluorine). Incompatible with halogens, arsenic, selenium,
alkaline halides, sulfur, iodine, glass, metallic halides, metal
oxides, and metals (except copper, stainless steel; nickel,
and Monel). Fire may result from contact with combustibles
or organic matter at room temperature, and contact of this
substance with water produces an explosion. Even under
mild conditions this substance attacks organic compounds
vigorously, often causing explosion. Decomposes in heat
above 460° C.
Waste Disposal
Allow gas to flow into mixed
caustic soda and slaked lime solution. Return unwanted
cylinders to supplier if possible.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 7789-30-2 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 7,7,8 and 9 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 3 and 0 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 7789-30:
(6*7)+(5*7)+(4*8)+(3*9)+(2*3)+(1*0)=142
142 % 10 = 2
So 7789-30-2 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/BrF5/c2-1(3,4,5)6
