90037-22-2Relevant articles and documents
Design and synthesis of 5-aminolaevulinic acid/3-hydroxypyridinone conjugates for photodynamic therapy: Enhancement of protoporphyrin IX production and photo-toxicity in tumor cells
Zhou, Tao,Shao, Le-Le,Battah, Sinan,Zhu, Chun-Feng,Hider, Robert C.,Reeder, Brandon J.,Jabeen, Asma,MacRobert, Alexander J.,Ren, Gerui,Liang, Xinle
, p. 1190 - 1196 (2016/07/06)
5-Aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) and its derivatives have been widely used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) as precursors of the photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in dermatology and urology. However, ALA-PDT is limited by the low bioavailability of ALA due to the fact that ALA is poorly absorbed by cells by virtue of its zwitterionic nature at physiological pH. In order to improve the therapeutic effect and induce higher levels of PpIX, a series of ALA prodrugs were synthesized by the conjugation of ALA to 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one (HPO) iron chelator using an amino acid linkage via amide bonds. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that one ALA-HPO conjugate significantly enhanced PpIX production in a range of tumor cell lines over ALA alone or the co-administration of ALA and CP94 (1,2-diethyl-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one). The intracellular porphyrin fluorescence levels showed good correlation with cellular photo-toxicity following light exposure, suggesting the potential application of the ALA-HPO conjugates in photodynamic therapy.
Synthesis, antiplasmodial activity, and β-hematin inhibition of hydroxypyridone-chloroquine hybrids
Andayi, Warren A.,Egan, Timothy J.,Gut, Jiri,Rosenthal, Philip J.,Chibale, Kelly
, p. 642 - 646 (2013/07/26)
A series of noncytotoxic 4-aminoquinoline-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one hybrids were synthesized on the basis of a synergistic in vitro combination of a precursor N-alkyl-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one with chloroquine (CQ) and tested in vitro against CQ resistant (K1 and W2) and sensitive (3D7) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of the precursors was negated by blocking the chelator moiety via complexation with gallium(III) or benzyl protection. None of the precursors inhibited β-hematin formation. Most hybrids were more potent inhibitors of β-hematin formation than CQ, and a correlation between antiplasmodial activity and inhibition of β-hematin formation was observed. Potent hybrids against K1, 3D7, and W2, respectively, were 8c (0.13, 0.004, and 0.1 μM); 8d (0.08, 0.01, and 0.02 μM); and 7g (0.07, 0.03, and 0.08 μM).
Synthesis, physicochemical properties, and biological evaluation of N- substituted 2-alkyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridinones: Orally active iron chelators with clinical potential
Dobbin,Hider,Hall,Taylor,Sarpong,Porter,Xiao,Van der Helm
, p. 2448 - 2458 (2007/10/02)
The synthesis of a range of novel bidentate ligands containing the chelating moiety 3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridinone is described. The pK(a) values of the ligands and the stability constants of their iron(III) complexes have been determined. The crystal structures of one of the ligands and one of the iron(III) complexes are presented. The distribution coefficients of the ligands are reported and are related to the ability of the ligands to remove iron from hepatocytes. The influence of 3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridinones on oxidative damage to cells is described. In contrast to the iron chelator in current therapeutic use, desferrioxamine-B, many of the bidentate ligands described in this study are orally active in iron-overloaded mice.
