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Germane

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Name

Germane

EINECS 231-961-6
CAS No. 7782-65-2 Density 1,53 g/cm3
PSA 0.00000 LogP 0.06920
Solubility Insoluble IN WATER Melting Point -165°C
Formula GeH4 Boiling Point -88°C
Molecular Weight 76.6218 Flash Point N/A
Transport Information 2192 Appearance Colorless
Safety Poison by inhalation. Moderately toxic by ingestion. A hemolytic gas. Ignites spontaneously in air. Incompatible with Br2. See also HYDRIDES, GERMANIUM COMPOUNDS, and GERMANIUM. Risk Codes 17-21/22-23-26-22-12
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 7782-65-2 (Germane) Hazard Symbols Toxic material. TLV: 0.2 ppm.
Synonyms

Germaniumhydride (GeH4) (6CI); Germanium tetrahydride; Germanium(4+) hydride;Monogermane; Tetrahydrogermane

Article Data 68

Germane Synthetic route

tetracarbonyl(trimethylgermyl)germyliron

tetracarbonyl(trimethylgermyl)germyliron

A

7782-65-2

germane

B

121981-68-8

[Fe2(μ-GeH2)2(CO)8]

C

1449-63-4

trimethylgermane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In neat (no solvent) allowed to stand in the dark for 64 h at ambient temp.; identified spectroscopically;A n/a
B 102 %
C 91%
In benzene 30 min at 7°C, allowed to warm to 17°C, after 1 h allowed to procced at room temp., reaction time: 170 d; followed by (1)H-NMR;
16940-66-2

sodium tetrahydroborate

germanium dioxide

7782-65-2

germane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In hydrogen bromide according to T.S. Piper, M.K. Wilson, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 4, 22 (1957) and J.E.Griffiths, Inorg. Chem., 2, 375 (1963); collected into -134°C trap, purified by passing through a columnwith silica gel and mol. sieve 5A at -30 °C, detd. by chromy. and mass spectrometric analysis;90%
13637-65-5

chlorogermane

24331-65-5

bis(difluorophosphino) sulphide

A

7782-65-2

germane

B

39491-87-7

difluoro(germylthio)phosphine

C

14335-40-1

chlorodifluorophosphine

D

13780-63-7

difluorophosphine sulfide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
mixt. was warmed to 209 K for 2 h; examined by NMR, sepd. by fractional condensation;A <1
B 87%
C n/a
D <1
779289-35-9

tetracarbonylgermyliron(1-)

1529-47-1

chlorotrimethylgermane

A

7782-65-2

germane

121981-67-7

tetracarbonyl(trimethylgermyl)germyliron

C

121981-68-8

[Fe2(μ-GeH2)2(CO)8]

D

1449-63-4

trimethylgermane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In diethyl ether under N2, 30 min; pumping for 3 h at diffusion pump vacuum, extn. (cyclohexane): ((Fe(CO)4(GeH2))2);A n/a
B 23%
C 58%
D n/a
16853-85-3

lithium aluminium tetrahydride

10038-98-9

germaniumtetrachloride

7782-65-2

germane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In solid matrix byproducts: LiCl, AlCl3; distilling gaseous GeCl4 in vac. on solid matrix of LiAlH4 in ether (cooled with liq. N2), heating to room temp.;; fractional condensation at -111.9 °C;;27.7%
In solid matrix byproducts: LiCl, AlCl3; distilling gaseous GeCl4 in vac. on solid matrix of LiAlH4 in ether (cooled with liq. N2), heating to room temp.;; fractional condensation at -111.9 °C;;27.7%
13450-95-8

germanium (IV) iodide

7580-67-8

lithium hydride

A

7782-65-2

germane

B

1333-74-0

hydrogen

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In solid byproducts: Ge, LiI; mechanically acivated interaction in vac. vibrating ball mill, accordingto: V. V. Volkov, K. G. Myakishev, I. I. Gorbacheva, Izv. Sib. Otd. Aka d. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim. Nauk, 5 (1983) No. 12, p. 79; monitored by volumetric anal., IR spectroscopy, chem. anal.;A 1%
B n/a
16940-66-2

sodium tetrahydroborate

germanium dioxide

A

7440-56-4

germanium

B

7782-65-2

germane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In hydrogen bromide in dild. aq. HBr soln.;
In hydrogen bromide aq. HBr; in dild. aq. HBr soln.;
13573-02-9

germyl iodide

20667-12-3

silver(l) oxide

7782-65-2

germane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
byproducts: H2O;
byproducts: H2O;
14694-31-6

germanium (II) iodide

20667-12-3

silver(l) oxide

7782-65-2

germane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
byproducts: H2O;
byproducts: H2O;
16940-66-2

sodium tetrahydroborate

10038-98-9

germaniumtetrachloride

7782-65-2

germane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In tetrahydrofuran
In water
In water

Germane Chemical Properties

Molecular Structure:

Molecular Formula: H4Ge
Molecular Weight: 76.6718
IUPAC Name: Germane
Synonyms of Germane (CAS NO.7782-65-2): EINECS 231-961-6 ; Germanium hydride ; Germanium tetrahydride ; Monogermane ; Germane [UN2192] [Poison gas] ; UN2192
CAS NO: 7782-65-2
Classification Code: TWA (0.2 ppm)
Melting point: -165°C 
Boiling Point: -88°C
Density: 1,53 g/cm3
Merck: 13,4418 

Germane Uses

  Germane (CAS NO.7782-65-2) is used in the semiconductor industry for the epitaxial growth of germanium by MOVPE or chemical beam epitaxy.[5] Organogermanium precursors (e.g. isobutylgermane, alkylgermanium trichlorides, and dimethylaminogermanium trichloride) have been examined as less hazardous liquid alternatives to germane for deposition of Ge-containing films by MOVPE.[6]

Germane Production

 A typical synthesis involved the reaction of Na2GeO3 with sodium borohydride.
 Na2GeO3 + NaBH4 + H2O → GeH4 + 2 NaOH + NaBO2

Germane Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
mouse LC50 inhalation 1380mg/m3 (1380mg/m3) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT

BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA

BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 18(2), Pg. 56, 1974.
mouse LD50 oral 1250mg/kg (1250mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT

BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA

BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 18(2), Pg. 56, 1974.

Germane Consensus Reports

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Germane Safety Profile

Hazard Codes of Germane (CAS NO.7782-65-2):  FlammableFToxicT
Risk Statements: 17-21/22-23 
R17: Spontaneously flammable in air. 
R21/22: Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. 
R23: Toxic by inhalation.
Safety Statements: 16-24-26-36/37/39-45 
S16: Keep away from sources of ignition. 
S24: Avoid contact with skin. 
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. 
S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. 
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
RIDADR: 2192
RTECS: LY4900000
TSCA: Yes
HazardClass: 2.3
Poison by inhalation. Moderately toxic by ingestion. A hemolytic gas. Ignites spontaneously in air. Incompatible with Br2. See also HYDRIDES, GERMANIUM COMPOUNDS, and GERMANIUM.

Germane Standards and Recommendations

ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.2 ppm
DOT Classification:  2.3; Label: Poison Gas, Flammable Gas

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