sodium dihydrogen phosphate (sodium dihydrogen phosphate), also known as sodium acid phosphate, molecular formula
nah2po4, 2h2o and nah2po4, the relative molecular mass of 156.01 and 119.98. divided into anhydrous and two water, two water is colorless to white crystal or crystalline powder, anhydrous white powder or granule. soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol. 100 c loses water of crystallization continued after heating, generating sodium acid pyrophosphate [1] .
basic information
chinese name: sodium dihydrogen phosphate
chinese alias: sodium dihydrogen phosphate (anhydrous); sodium dihydrogen phosphate, anhydrous; sodium phosphate; monosodium phosphate anhydrous; sodium dihydrogen phosphate; msp
english name: sodium dihydrogen phosphate anhydrous
phosphate monobasic dihydrate english alias: sodium acid, sodium phosphate, monosodium orthophosphate, primary sodium phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium biphosphate,
monosodium phosphate, msp
cas number: 7558-80-7
the chemical formula and molecular weight: nah two po four 119.98: g/mol
character
colorless crystal or white crystalline powder. odorless, salty, acid. heated to 100 deg c to lose all crystal water into hotsodium metaphosphate . soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, the acidic aqueous solution. 0.1mol/l water solution at 25 deg c when the ph was 4.5. the relative density is 1.915. the melting point of 60 deg c. the product also has a molecular crystal water.
storage
sealed.
toxicity
intraperitoneal injection of ld50 250mg/kg, adi 0-70mg/kg (food and food additive with phosphorus phosphorus intake, the relationship between attention and calcium intake) [2] .
use
in japan, sodium dihydrogen phosphate in brewing, dairy processing, used as acidity regulator; used as a solvent and stabilizer in meat products, the amount is about 0.4%. according to fao/who (1984), sodium dihydrogen phosphate used: low times concentrated milk, sweetened condensed milk and cream, dosage is 0.2% (in an anhydrous); cream powder, milk powder, dosage is 0.5%; processed cheese, dosage is 0.9% (p); lunch meat, cooked ham, cooked meat powder, with the amount of 0.3% (alone or with other phosphate dosage, p2o5); instant broth, soup, cold drinks, dosage is 1%; dosage is 0.2%. in addition, the salted beef in the amount of 0.2% to 3% [2] .
purpose
buffer. water softener. six partial sodium phosphate and sodium pyrophosphate. determination of magnesium.preparation of modified white medium in haploid breeding.
quality inspection information
arsenic (as),% = 0.0002
ammonium (nh four % = 0.002).
ammonia precipitates,% less than or equal to 0.01
ph (50g/l, 25 c) 4.2 ~ 4.6
water insoluble matters,% less than or equal to 0.01
heavy metal (as pb),% = 0.001
k (k) = 0.02,%
iron (fe),% = 0.001
chloride (cl - % = 0.005).
sulfate (so four 2- % = 0.005).
nitrate (no three - % = 0.001).
clarification test
the content of nah ( two po four 2h two o = 99),%
performance characteristics
molecular graph
the density of 1.949/cm. melting point 60 c. yes anhydrous a, water and two water three. anhydrous white crystalline powder, slightly hygroscopic, easily soluble in water. it is a colorless, anhydrous orthorhombic crystal, soluble in water, aqueous solution is acid reaction ( ph =4.5), insoluble in alcohol, slightly soluble in chloroform.two water is easily soluble in water, moist air is easy to agglomerate, 100 deg c when dehydrated into anhydrous 190-210 c shi shengcheng sodium pyrophosphate280-300, c decomposition sodium metaphosphate . the water solution is acid. at present, as the product of the two water. under certain ph value, by the sodium carbonate the reaction with phosphoric acid or by two sodium hydrogen phosphate phosphate was prepared with a certain proportion, easy to agglomerate in wet air.
usage: used for boiler water treatment, electroplating, tanning, baking powder fuel additives, detergent mica, acid corrosion, penetrating agent, is also preparing six sodium metaphosphate the raw material and condensation of acid salt.
pharmacology and toxicology
the body of organic and inorganic phosphorus exists in two forms, as the inorganic phosphorus in the blood serum phosphorus in clinical practice, most of the latter is free of phosphorus, only 12% plasma protein binding. normal adult blood phosphorus concentration is 0.87 ~ 1.45mmol/l, 1.45 ~ 1.78mmol/l for children, for some reason to reduce intake of phosphorus or phosphorus increased demand, can cause hypophosphatemia, and corresponding clinical manifestations, the need to supplement phosphorus. there is a close relationship between serum phosphorus and calcium concentration, normal when their product is maintained at a certain range, when calcium concentration increased, given the phosphate can reduce the serum calcium concentration.
pharmacokinetics
phosphorus oral absorption rate is about 70%, the main absorption site in the jejunum. vitamin d can increase the absorption of phosphorus. while eating a lot of calcium or aluminum, due to the formation of insoluble salt and phosphorus absorption effect. 90% of phosphorus excreted by the kidney, 10% by feces.
indication
(1) for the prevention and treatment of hypophosphatemia. also as the total intravenous hyperalimentation phosphorus additives, prevent hypophosphatemia.
(2) auxiliary treatment of urinary tract infection, the drug can cause acidification of urine, so as to enhance the antibacterial activity of mandelamine and hyprex, and can eliminate the urinary tract infection with ammonia smell of urine and turbidity.
(3) the prevention of calcium kidney stones. this medicine can make the urine acidification, increased calcium solubilitystop, deposition of calcium in the urine, thus preventing the recurrence of kidney stones of calcium.
(4) treatment of hypercalcemia. in recent years, has not used the medicine in the treatment of high hypercalcemia, and the application of other more safe and effective method.
usage and dosage
taking this medicine, taking immediately after meal or meals taken at the same time, in order to reduce gastrointestinal reaction, taking the drug should be completely dissolved in water.
(1) oral hypophosphatemia is equivalent to 250mg (8mmol) sodium phosphate phosphorus solution oral, 4 times a day; the treatment of vitamin d rickets, every time dosage can be added to the 500mg (16mmol) p. in order to prevent ectopic calcification, serum phosphorus more than 1.5mmol/l (4.5mg/dl) should stop supplying p. in order to reduce the gastrointestinal symptoms, liquid medicine can be diluted in half a cup of water after meal.
(2) the acidification of urine and prevent urinary calculi recurrence and general application of sodium dihydrogen phosphate potassium phosphate the mixture, the ratio of approximately 2:1. the configuration of the 1g phosphate diluted in a glass of water, after meals and at bedtime, 4 times a day. such as the application of the above dose, urine volume did not reach satisfactory acidification, can every 2 hours with 1g phosphate, no more than 24 hours in 8g phosphate.
adverse reaction
(1) oral can occur when nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, stools or diarrhea.
(2) the hypernatremia occurred thirst, heart rate, urine volume decreased, headache, dizziness and mental change.
(3) hyperkalemia arrhythmia, lip numbness or tingling, limb weakness and so on.
(4) hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia induced: numbness, muscle spasms, convulsions, breathing difficulties and other phenomena.
contraindication
matters needing attention
(2) possible hypocalcemia, such as hypothyroidism, osteomalacia, acute pancreatitis, chronic kidney disease.
(4) according to the clinical need to check renal function and serum phosphorus, calcium, sodium and potassium ion .
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