Basic information
- Name:
Propane,2-methoxy-2-methyl-
- Superlist Name:
- tert-Butyl methyl ether
- CAS No.:
1634-04-4
- Molecular Structure:
- Formula:
- C5H12O
- Molecular Weight:
- 88.15
- Synonyms:
- Ether,tert-butyl methyl (6CI,7CI,8CI);1,1-Dimethylethyl methyl ether;2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane;2-Methyl-2-methoxypropane;MTBE;Methyl 1,1-dimethylethylether;Methyl tert-butyl ether;Methyl tertiary butyl ether;t-Butyl methylether;tert-Butoxymethane;
- EINECS:
- 216-653-1
- Density:
- 0.75 g/cm3
- Melting Point:
- -110 °C
- Boiling Point:
- 55.2 °C at 760 mmHg
- Flash Point:
- -27 °F
- Solubility:
- water: 51 g/L (20 °C)
- Appearance:
- Clear colorless liquid
- Hazard Symbols:
F,
Xi- Risk Codes:
- 36/37/38-40-11-39-23/24/25
- Safety Description:
- 9-16-24-45-36/37 Details
- Transport Information:
- UN 2398 3/PG 2
- particular:
- particular
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Chemistry
Molecular Structure:
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Molecular Formula: C5H12O
Molecular Weight: 88.1482
IUPAC Name: 2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane
Synonyms of tert-Butyl methyl ether (CAS NO.1634-04-4): 2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane ; 2-Methyl-2-methoxypropane ; 4-01-00-01615 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) ; BRN 1730942 ; CCRIS 7596 ; EINECS 216-653-1 ; Ether, tert-butyl methyl ; HSDB 5847 ; MTBE ; Methyl 1,1-dimethylethyl ether ; Methyl tert-butyl ether ; Methyl tertiary-butyl ether ; Propane, 2-methoxy-2-methyl- ; t-Butyl methyl ether ; tert-Butyl methyl ether
CAS NO: 1634-04-4
Classification Code: Air Pollutants ; Carcinogens ; Environmental Pollutants ; Noxae ; Reproductive Effect
Melting point: -110 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.375
Molar Refractivity: 26.92 cm3
Molar Volume: 117.4 cm3
Surface Tension: 19.1 dyne/cm
Density: 0.75 g/cm3
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 28.58 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 55.2 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure of tert-Butyl methyl ether (CAS NO.1634-04-4): 251 mmHg at 25°C
Uses
tert-Butyl methyl ether (CAS NO.1634-04-4) is almost exclusively used as a fuel component in motor gasoline. It has excited considerable interest because it is a good octane enhancer for gasoline (it blends as if it had a research octane number of 115 to 135). It also offers a method of selectively removing iso-butylene from a mixed C4 stream, thus enabling the recovery of high-purity butene-1. Furthermore, it can be isolated, then cracked to yield highly pure iso-butylene and methanol. It is also used in organic chemistry as a relatively inexpensive solvent with properties comparable to diethyl ether but with a higher boiling point and lower solubility in water. It is also used medically to dissolve gallstones.
Production
The reaction for making tert-Butyl methyl ether proceeds quickly and highly selectively by reacting a mixed butene-butane fraction with methyl alcohol in the liquid phase on a fixed bed of an acidic ion-exchange resin catalyst.
CH3OH + (CH3)2C=CH2 → CH3OC(CH3)3
Reactor effluent is distilled, giving tert-Butyl methyl ether of 99% purity. A few precent of iso-butylene remains unchanged and can be scavenged by use of a second unit.
Toxicity Data With Reference
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mouse | LC50 | inhalation | 141gm/m3/15M (141000mg/m3) | BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC | Anesthesiology. Vol. 11, Pg. 455, 1950. |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 1700uL/kg (1.7mL/kg) | Zhonghua Yixue Zazhi. Chinese Medical Journal. Vol. 70, Pg. 172, 1990. | |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 5960uL/kg (5.96mL/kg) | Zhonghua Yixue Zazhi. Chinese Medical Journal. Vol. 70, Pg. 172, 1990. | |
| rat | LC50 | inhalation | 23576ppm/4H (23576ppm) | National Technical Information Service. Vol. PB87-174603, | |
| rat | LD | intraperitoneal | > 148mg/kg (148mg/kg) | Journal of Surgical Research. Vol. 53, Pg. 572, 1992. | |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 4gm/kg (4000mg/kg) | National Technical Information Service. Vol. PB87-174603, | |
| rat | LDLo | intravenous | 148mg/kg (148mg/kg) | Journal of Surgical Research. Vol. 53, Pg. 572, 1992. |
Consensus Reports
Community Right-To-Know List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
Hazard Codes of tert-Butyl methyl ether (CAS NO.1634-04-4): 
Xn,
F,
Xi
T
Risk Statements: 36/37/38-40-11-39-23/24/25
R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
R40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
R11: Highly flammable.
R39: Danger of very serious irreversible effects.
R23/24/25: Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
Safety Statements: 9-16-24-45-36/37
S9: Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
S16: Keep away from sources of ignition.
S24: Avoid contact with skin.
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
S36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
RIDADR: UN 2398 3/PG 2
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: KN5250000
F: 3-10
HazardClass: 3
PackingGroup: II
Hazardous Substances Data: 1634-04-4(Hazardous Substances Data)
Poison by intravenous route. Slightly toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ETHERS.
Standards and Recommendations
ACGIH TLV: TWA 50 ppm; Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Revelance to Humans
DOT Classification: 3; Label: Flammable Liquid
Analytical Methods
For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: tert-Butyl methyl ether (MTBE) 1615.