The p-Nitrophenylhydrazine with CAS registry number of 100-16-3 is also known as Hydrazine,(4-nitrophenyl)-. The IUPAC name is (4-Nitrophenyl)hydrazine. It belongs to product categories of Aromatic Hydrazides, Hydrazines, Hydrazones and Oximes; Phenylhydrazine; HydrazinesDerivatization Reagents; Derivatization Reagents HPLC; Nitrogen Compounds; Organic Building Blocks; UV-VIS. Its EINECS registry number is 202-824-8. In addition, the formula is C₆H₇N₃O₂ and the molecular weight is 153.16. This chemical is a white to light yellow crystal powder and soluble in hot water, hot benzene, alcohol, chloroform, ether and ethyl acetate. It should be sealed in ventilated and cool place away from oxidants, reducing agents or strong acids. What's more, it is used as reagent for testing aldehydes and keto sugar.

Physical properties about p-Nitrophenylhydrazine are: (1)ACD/LogP: 1.45; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 1.44; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 1.45; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 7.34; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 7.49; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 144.14; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 147.06; (8)#H bond acceptors: 5; (9)#H bond donors: 3; (10)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 3; (11)Index of Refraction: 1.691; (12)Molar Refractivity: 41.31 cm³; (13)Molar Volume: 107.9 cm³; (14)Surface Tension: 68.9 dyne/cm; (15)Density: 1.419 g/cm³; (16)Flash Point: 161.8 °C; (17)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 58.79 kJ/mol; (18)Boiling Point: 344 °C at 760 mmHg; (19)Vapour Pressure: 6.79E-05 mmHg at 25 °C.

Preparation of p-Nitrophenylhydrazine. Firstly, nitroaniline is dissolved in hydrochloric acid, cooled to 0 °C and sodium nitrite solution is added for diazotization. After filtration, the filtrate is added into cooled mixture of sodium sulfite and sodium hydroxide solution, and then concentrated hydrochloric acid is added. The reaction occurs at the temperature of 25 °C for 30 minutes. At last, nitrophenyl hydrazine hydrochloride is generated by filtration and dissolved in water to precipitate product with sodium acetate solution. The yield is 63-72%.

Uses of p-Nitrophenylhydrazine: it is used to produce 2-(4-nitro-anilino)-isoindoline-1,3-dione by reaction with phthalic acid anhydride. The reaction occurs with reagent CH₃COOH and the yield is about 90%.

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it. As a chemical, it is irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. It is harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. What's more, it may cause sensitisation by skin contact. Because it is highly flammable, heating may cause an explosion. During using it, wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. Keep away from sources of ignition. If contact with eyes accidently, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
1. Canonical SMILES: C1=CC(=CC=C1NN)[N+](=O)[O-]
2. InChI: InChI=1S/C6H7N3O2/c7-8-5-1-3-6(4-2-5)9(10)11/h1-4,8H,7H2
3. InChIKey: KMVPXBDOWDXXEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The toxicity data is as follows: