- Synthesis and evaluation of xanomeline analogs-Probing the wash-resistant phenomenon at the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
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A series of xanomeline analogs were synthesized and evaluated for binding at the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1 receptor). Specifically, compounds that substitute the O-hexyl chain of xanomeline with polar, ionizable, or conformationally restricted moieties were assessed for their ability to bind to the M1 receptor in a wash-resistant manner (persistent binding). From our screen, several novel ligands that persistently bind to the M1 receptor with greater affinity than xanomeline were discovered. Results indicate that persistent binding may arise not only from hydrophobic interactions but also from ionic interactions with a secondary M1 receptor binding site. Herein, a qualitative model that accounts for both binding scenarios is proposed and applied to understand the structural basis to wash-resistant binding and long-acting effects of xanomeline-based compounds.
- Kane, Brian E.,Grant, Marianne K.O.,El-Fakahany, Esam E.,Ferguson, David M.
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p. 1376 - 1392
(2008/09/18)
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- 1-(1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-4-azatricyclo[2.2.1.02,6]heptanes as new potent muscarinic M1 agonists: Structure-activity relationship for 3-aryl- 2-propyn-1-yloxy and 3-aryl-2-propyn-1-ylthio derivatives
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Two new series of 1-(1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-4- azatricyclo[2.2.1.02,6]heptanes were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro activity in cell lines transfected with either the human M1 or M2 receptor. 3-Phenyl-2-propyn-1-yloxy and -1-ylthio analogues substituted with halogen in the meta position showed high functional potency, efficacy, and selectivity toward the M1 receptor subtype. A quite unique functional M1 receptor selectivity was observed for compounds 8b, 8d, 8f, 9b, 9d, and 9f. Bioavailability studies in rats indicated an oral bioavailability of about 20-30%, with the N-oxide as the only detected metabolite.
- Jeppesen, Lone,Olesen, Preben H.,Hansen, Lena,Sheardown, Malcolm J.,Thomsen, Christian,Rasmussen, Th?ger,Jensen, Anders Fink,Christensen, Michael S.,Rimvall, Karin,Ward, John S.,Whitesitt, Celia,Calligaro, David O.,Bymaster, Frank P.,Delapp, Neil W.,Felder, Christian C.,Shannon, Harlan E.,Sauerberg, Per
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p. 1999 - 2006
(2007/10/03)
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- Identification of side chains on 1,2,5-thiadiazole-azacycles optimal for muscarinic m1 receptor activation
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Series of analogs to the functional m1 selective agonist, xanomeline (hexyloxy-TZTP), were evaluated for their in vitro ml efficacy in cell lines transfected with the human m1 receptor. Systematic variation of the side chain and the azacyclic ring led to the discovery of potent muscarinic agonists with robust m1 efficacy, all having the phenylpropargyloxy/thio as the side chain. The most selective compound was the phenylpropargylthio- [3.2.1] endo analog 28, which is a potent and efficacious m1 agonist with no m2 activity.
- Sauerberg, Per,Jeppesen, Lone,Olesen, Preben H.,Sheardown, Malcolm J.,Fink-Jensen, Anders,Rasmussen, Thoger,Rimvall, Karin,Shannon, Harlan E.,Bymaster, Frank P.,DeLapp, Neil W.,Calligaro, Dave O.,Ward, John S.,Whitesitt, Celia A.,Thomsen, Christian
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p. 2897 - 2902
(2007/10/03)
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