- Methoxy and bromo scans on N-(5-methoxyphenyl) methoxybenzenesulphonamides reveal potent cytotoxic compounds, especially against the human breast adenocarcinoma MCF7 cell line
-
Thirty seven N-(5-methoxyphenyl)-4-methoxybenzenesulphonamide with methoxy or/and bromo substitutions (series 1-4) and with different substituents on the sulphonamide nitrogen have been synthesised. 21 showed sub-micromolar cytotoxicity against HeLa and HT-29 human tumour cell lines, and were particularly effective against MCF7. The most potent series has 2,5-dimethoxyanilines, especially the 4-brominated compounds 23–25. The active compounds inhibit microtubular protein polymerisation at micromolar concentrations, thus pointing at tubulin as the target. Co-treatment with the MDR inhibitor verapamil suggests that they are not MDR substrates. Compound 25 showed nanomolar antiproliferative potency. It severely disrupts the microtubule network in cells and arrests cells at the G2/M cell-cycle phase, thus confirming tubulin targeting. 25 triggered apoptotic cell death, and induced autophagy. Docking studies suggest binding in a distinct way to the colchicine site. These compounds are promising new antitumor agents acting on tubulin.
- González, Myriam,Ovejero-Sánchez, María,Vicente-Blázquez, Alba,Medarde, Manuel,González-Sarmiento, Rogelio,Peláez, Rafael
-
p. 1029 - 1047
(2021/06/16)
-
- New diarylsulfonamide inhibitors of Leishmania infantum amastigotes
-
New drugs against visceral leishmaniasis with mechanisms of action differing from existing treatments and with adequate cost, stability, and properties are urgently needed. No antitubulin drug is currently in the clinic against Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean area. We have designed and synthesized a focused library of 350 compounds against the Leishmania tubulin based on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and sequence differences between host and parasite. The compounds synthesized are accessible, stable, and appropriately soluble in water. We assayed the library against Leishmania promastigotes, axenic, and intracellular amastigotes and found 0, 8, and 16 active compounds, respectively, with a high success rate against intracellular amastigotes of over 10%, not including the cytotoxic compounds. Five compounds have a similar or better potency than the clinically used miltefosine. 14 compounds showed a host-dependent mechanism of action that might be advantageous as it may render them less susceptible to the development of drug resistance. The active compounds cluster in five chemical classes that provide structure-activity relationships for further hit improvement and facilitate series development. Molecular docking is consistent with the proposed mechanism of action, supported by the observed structure-activity relationships, and suggests a potential extension to other Leishmania species due to sequence similarities. A new family of diarylsulfonamides designed against the parasite tubulins is active against Leishmania infantum and represents a new class of potential drugs with favorable cost, stability, and aqueous solubility for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). These results could be extended to other clinically relevant species of Leishmania spp.
- González, Myriam,Alcolea, Pedro José,álvarez, Raquel,Medarde, Manuel,Larraga, Vicente,Peláez, Rafael
-
-
- AMINATION AND HYDROXYLATION OF ARYLMETAL COMPOUNDS
-
In one aspect, the present disclosure provides methods of preparing a primary or secondary amine and hydroxylated aromatic compounds. In some embodiments, the aromatic compound may be unsubstituted, substituted, or contain one or more heteroatoms within the rings of the aromatic compound. The methods described herein may be carried out without the need for transition metal catalysts or harsh reaction conditions.
- -
-
Paragraph 0098; 0134; 0135; 0165
(2018/03/25)
-
- Intrinsic Hydrophobicity versus Intraguest Interactions in Hydrophobically Driven Molecular Recognition in Water
-
Molecular recognition of water-soluble molecules is challenging but can be achieved if the receptor possesses a hydrophobic binding interface complementary to the guest. When the guest molecule contains more than one hydrophobic group, intrahost interactions between the hydrophobes could strongly influence the binding of the guest by its host. In a series of ornithine derivatives functionalized with aromatic hydrophobes, the most electron-rich compound displayed the strongest binding, despite its lowest intrinsic hydrophobicity.
- Gunasekara, Roshan W.,Zhao, Yan
-
supporting information
p. 4159 - 4162
(2017/08/23)
-
- Rapid heteroatom transfer to arylmetals utilizing multifunctional reagent scaffolds
-
Arylmetals are highly valuable carbon nucleophiles that are readily and inexpensively prepared from aryl halides or arenes and widely used on both laboratory and industrial scales to react directly with a wide range of electrophiles. Although C-C bond formation has been a staple of organic synthesis, the direct transfer of primary amino (-NH2) and hydroxyl (-OH) groups to arylmetals in a scalable and environmentally friendly fashion remains a formidable synthetic challenge because of the absence of suitable heteroatom-transfer reagents. Here, we demonstrate the use of bench-stable N-H and N-alkyl oxaziridines derived from readily available terpenoid scaffolds as efficient multifunctional reagents for the direct primary amination and hydroxylation of structurally diverse aryl- and heteroarylmetals. This practical and scalable method provides one-step synthetic access to primary anilines and phenols at low temperature and avoids the use of transition-metal catalysts, ligands and additives, nitrogen-protecting groups, excess reagents and harsh workup conditions.
- Gao, Hongyin,Zhou, Zhe,Kwon, Doo-Hyun,Coombs, James,Jones, Steven,Behnke, Nicole Erin,Ess, Daniel H.,Kürti, László
-
p. 681 - 688
(2017/06/30)
-
- Synthesis of novel azo-resveratrol, azo-oxyresveratrol and their derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors
-
Ten azo compounds including azo-resveratrol (5) and azo-oxyresveratrol (9) were synthesized using a modified Curtius rearrangement and diazotization followed by coupling reactions with various phenolic analogs. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for their mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited high tyrosinase inhibitory activity (56.25% and 72.75% at 50 μM, respectively). The results of mushroom tyrosinase inhibition assays indicate that the 4-hydroxyphenyl moiety is essential for high inhibition and that 3,5-dihydroxyphenyl and 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl derivatives are better for tyrosinase inhibition than 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl derivatives. Particularly, introduction of hydroxyl or methoxy group into the 4-hydroxyphenyl moiety diminished or significantly reduced mushroom tryosinase inhibition. Among the synthesized azo compounds, azo-resveratrol (5) showed the most potent mushroom tyrosinase inhibition with an IC50 value of IC50 = 36.28 ± 0.72 μM, comparable to that of resveratrol, a well-known tyrosinase inhibitor.
- Song, Yu Min,Ha, Young Mi,Kim, Jin-Ah,Chung, Ki Wung,Uehara, Yohei,Lee, Kyung Jin,Chun, Pusoon,Byun, Youngjoo,Chung, Hae Young,Moon, Hyung Ryong
-
supporting information
p. 7451 - 7455
(2013/02/22)
-
- Hydrogen bonded arylamide-linked cholesteryl dimesogenic liquid crystals: A study of the length and side chain effects
-
Dimesogenic compounds 1a-c, 2a-i, and 3, that are composed of a hydrogen bonding-induced straight arylamide spacer and two appended cholesterol groups, have been designed and synthesized. The backbones of the rigid spacers of 1a-c, 2a-i, and 3 contain one, three, and five benzene units, which bear two, six, and ten alkoxyl (methoxyl, n-octoxyl, or n-dodecoxyl) groups, respectively. The thermal and optical properties of the compounds are investigated by using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. It is revealed that 1a-c exhibit one or two liquid crystalline (LC) phases, 2a-i exhibit no, one or two LC phases, while 3 exhibits one LC phase in a wide temperature range. Generally, the more and longer alkoxyl chains facilitate the formation of the LC phases at low temperature. Notably, compound 2g, which bears two methoxyl and four dodecoxyl groups, displays a blue-red color change during both the heating and cooling cycle. The result illustrates that dimesogens with large rigid spacers can exhibit different LC phases when long aliphatic chains are appended to balance the strong stacking of the rigid backbones.
- Wang, Gui-Tao,Zhao, Xin,Li, Zhan-Ting
-
scheme or table
p. 48 - 57
(2011/03/17)
-
- A convenient one-pot synthesis of aryl amines from aryl aldoximes mediated by Koser's reagent
-
A simple and convenient procedure has been developed for the synthesis of aromatic amine by a one-pot reaction of aromatic aldoxime with hypervalent iodine(III) reagent [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene (HTIB, Koser's reagent), in an alkaline medium. The aldoxime reacts with Koser's reagent to form an intermediate hydroxamic acid, which then undergoes Lossen type rearrangement to produce the desired amine. Several amines have been prepared which otherwise are difficult to prepare, by the reduction of corresponding nitro compounds. The scopes and limitations of this transformation have been discussed. ARKAT-USA, Inc.
- Ghosh, Harisadhan,Baneerjee, Arghya,Rout, Saroj Kumar,Patel, Bhisma K.
-
p. 209 - 216
(2011/05/30)
-
- Synthesis of primary aryl amines through a copper-assisted aromatic substitution reaction with sodium azide
-
(Figure Presented) A method is presented by which aryl halides and azides are converted to the corresponding primary aryl amines with copper(I) and sodium azide.
- Markiewicz, John T.,Wiest, Olaf,Helquist, Paul
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 4887 - 4890
(2010/10/19)
-
- Nitroethane in polyphosphoric acid: A new reagent for acetamidation and amination of aromatic compounds
-
A new method of acetamidation of aromatic compounds based on their reaction with nitroethane in polyphosphoric acid has been developed. Upon the hydrolysis of acetamides during the reaction mixture workup, the corresponding amines can be obtained. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart New York.
- Aksenov, Alexander V.,Aksenov, Nicolai A.,Nadein, Oleg N.,Aksenova, Inna V.
-
experimental part
p. 2628 - 2630
(2010/12/18)
-
- Palladium-catalyzed coupling of ammonia with aryl chlorides, bromides, iodides, and sulfonates: A general method for the preparation of primary arylamines
-
We report that the complex generated from Pd[P(o-tol)3] 2 and the alkylbisphosphine CyPF-t-Bu is a highly active and selective catalyst for the coupling of ammonia with aryl chlorides, bromides, iodides, and sulfonates. The couplings of ammonia with this catalyst conducted with a solution of ammonia in dioxane form primary arylamines from a variety of aryl electrophiles in high yields. Catalyst loadings as low as 0.1 mol % were sufficient for reactions of many aryl chlorides and bromides. In the presence of this catalyst, aryl sulfonates also coupled with ammonia for the first time in high yields. A comparison of reactions in the presence of this catalyst versus those in the presence of existing copper and palladium systems revealed a complementary, if not broader, substrate scope. The utility of this method to generate amides, imides, and carbamates is illustrated by a one-pot synthesis of a small library of these carbonyl compounds from aryl bromides and chlorides, ammonia, and acid chlorides or anhydrides. Mechanistic studies show that reactions conducted with the combination of Pd[P(o-tol)3]2 and CyPF-t-Bu as catalyst occur with faster rates and higher yields than those conducted with CyPF-t-Bu and palladiun(II) as catalyst precursors because of the low concentration of active catalyst that is generated from the combination of palladium(II), ammonia, and base.
- Vo, Giang D.,Hartwig, John F.
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 11049 - 11061
(2009/12/05)
-
- Hydrogen bonding-mediated oligobenzamide foldamer receptors that efficiently bind a triol and saccharides in chloroform
-
The self-assembly of two novel intramolecular hydrogen bonding-driven foldamers is described. Two linear symmetric aromatic amide oligomers, 1 and 2, which are incorporated with benzene subunits, have been prepared by continuous amide-coupling reactions. The existence of three-centred hydrogen bonds in the oligomers and consequently the folding conformation of the oligomers in solution have been characterized by 1H NMR experiments and by comparing them with the reported solid state structure of the identical structural skeleton. Molecular modeling reveals a rigid crescent conformation for 1 with a cavity of ca. 0.9 nm in diameter and a helical conformation for 2 with a cavity of ca. 0.8 nm in diameter. Due to the existence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding, all the C=O groups in both oligomers are located inwardly. The binding of 1 and 2 towards a trihydroxyl guest and four saccharide derivatives have been investigated with 1H NMR, fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The association constants of the corresponding 1:1 complexes have been determined by fluorescence titration experiments. The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2005.
- Yi, Hui-Ping,Shao, Xue-Bin,Hou, Jun-Li,Li, Chuang,Jiang, Xi-Kui,Li, Zhan-Ting
-
p. 1213 - 1218
(2007/10/03)
-
- One step hair coloring compositions using salts
-
A hair coloring composition comprising the following two compositions which are mixed just prior to application to the hair: (a) a composition comprising a water-soluble peroxygen oxidizing agent; and (b) a composition comprising one or more oxidative hair coloring agents selected from the group consisting of an aromatic diamine, an amino phenol, a naphthol, a polyhydric phenol, a catechol and mixtures thereof; wherein the composition comprising one or more oxidative hair coloring agents further comprises al least one water soluble carbonate releasing salts; and optionally a water soluble ammonium salt, is described.
- -
-
-
- Transition metal complexes as dye forming catalysts in hair coloring compositions
-
A hair coloring composition comprising a first composition which comprises: (a) a dye forming transition metal salt or complex; which is first applied to the hair; and a second composition which comprises the following two compositions which are mixed just prior to application to the hair: (a) a composition comprising a water-soluble peroxygen oxidizing agent; and (b) a composition comprising one or more oxidative hair coloring agents selected from the group consisting of an aromatic diamine, an aminophenol, a polyhydric phenol a catechol and mixtures thereof.
- -
-
-
- Enhanced color deposition for hair with sequestering agents
-
Hair coloring compositions which comprise: (A) non-nitrogenous chelating agents from the group consisting of polyphosphate; phosphonates; hydroxycarboxylates; polyacrylates; zeolite; and mixtures thereof; (B) an oxidative dye primary intermediate; and (C) an oxidative dye coupler; (D) and water are described. The present invention also relates to a method for coloring hair which comprises contacting said hair with a hair coloring composition as described above.
- -
-
-
- Phenylureas. Part 2. Mechanism of the acid hydrolysis of phenylureas
-
The mechanism of the hydrolytic decomposition of phenylureas in acid media is investigated. It includes, in part, knowledge already present in the literature. Over the investigated pH range the occurrence of a rate maximum in the pH curves due to the strongly reduced water activity at higher acid strengths is observed. An addition-elimination mechanism with rate-determining attack of water at the N-protonated substrate is proposed. The reversion of the substituent influence on the reaction rate with increasing acidity of the reaction medium points to a change of the hydrolytic decomposition mechanism in strongly acidic media.
- Laudien, Robert,Mitzner, Rolf
-
p. 2230 - 2232
(2007/10/03)
-
- Phenylureas. Part 1. Mechanism of the basic hydrolysis of phenylureas
-
The mechanism of the hydrolytic decomposition of phenylureas in basic media in the pH range 12 to 14 is investigated. In this pH range a levelling of the rate-pH curve is observed as well as a change of the substituent influence on the hydrolysis rate. These experimental findings suggest the formation of an unreactive side product of the phenylurea in a parasitic side equilibrium at sufficiently high pH. The urea dissociates at the aryl-NH group to give its conjugate base. For the hydrolytic decomposition of phenylureas an addition-elimination mechanism is proposed as has been established for the alkaline hydrolysis of carboxylic acid esters and amides.
- Laudien,Mitzner
-
p. 2226 - 2229
(2007/10/03)
-
- Atypical regioselectivity in the electrochemical reduction-nucleophilic substitution of 2-nitroanisole
-
The electrochemical reduction-Bamberger substitution of 2-nitroanisole in 1 M H2SO4 yields predominantly 2,5-dimethoxyaniline, not the expected 2,4-isomer. The selectivity was found to be acid- and solvent-dependent, with lower acidity and less polar solvents favoring the formation of 2,4- dimethoxyaniline during galvanostatic electrolysis. A mechanistic working hypothesis involving an ortho-quinone monoimine dication is presented to direct further synthetic studies.
- Wang, Wendong,Wu, Guo-Zhang,Goekjian, Peter G.
-
p. 1517 - 1520
(2007/10/03)
-
- Laser flash photolysis of carbamates derived from 9-fluorenone oxime
-
The photochemistry of carbamates derived from 9-fluorenone oxime was investigated by laser flash photolysis and by product studies. Primary photocleavage of the excited carbamates leads to decarboxylation and concomitant generation of the 9-fluorenone ketimine-N-yl radical and an amino radical. In the case of 9-fluorenylideneamino N-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)carbamate the presence of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene in the product mixture as well as spectroscopic and kinetic evidence points to the intermediary formation of triplet (2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)nitrene, which in acetonitrile dimerizes to the corresponding azo compound. Analogously, the formation of trans-azobenzene upon photolysis of 9-fluorenylideneamino N-phenylcarbamate indicates the intermediacy of parent triplet phenylnitrene, which, until now, had not been observed in solution at ambient temperature.
- Bucher, G?tz,Scaiano,Sinta,Barclay,Cameron
-
p. 3848 - 3855
(2007/10/02)
-
- Hypervalent iodine-induced nucleophilic substitution of para-substituted phenol ethers. Generation of cation radicals as reactive intermediates
-
A novel hypervalent iodine induced nucleophilic substitution of para-substituted phenol ethers in the presence of a variety of nucleophiles is described. UV and ESR spectroscopic studies indicate that this reaction proceeds via cation radicals, [ArH?+], as reactive intermediates generated by single-electron transfer (SET) from a charge-transfer (CT) complex of phenol ethers with phenyliodine(III) bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA). This is the first case that involves a radical intermediate on hypervalent iodine oxidations of aromatic compounds.
- Kita, Yasuyuki,Tohma, Hirofumi,Hatanaka, Kenji,Takada, Takeshi,Fujita, Shigekazu,Mitoh, Shizue,Sakurai, Hiromu,Oka, Shigenori
-
p. 3684 - 3691
(2007/10/02)
-
- New Findings on the Vilsmeier-Haack Approach to Quinoline Derivatives
-
The presence of electron-releasing substituents on the aromatic ring of anilides, although necessary for the Vilsmeier-Haack cyclization to quinolines to proceed efficiently, can cause failure of the expected cyclization, leading to (Z) N,N-dimethylformamidines through an alternative course.A similar behaviour is observed when ?-donor groups are introduced on the α position of the anilide, although in this case some cyclization to quinoline derivatives generally occurs.
- Alonso, Miguel Angel,Ubeda, J. Ignacio,Avendano, Carmen,Menendez, J. Carlos,Villacampa, Mercedes
-
p. 10997 - 11008
(2007/10/02)
-
- Reactive dyestuffs comprising a triazine moiety and a vinylsulfonyl moiety both being linked by a substituted alkylene bridge member
-
A reactive dye of the formula STR1 in which: F is a radical selected from the group consisting of metal-free or metal-containing monoazo or disazo dyes containing at least one --SO3 H group, anthraquinone dyes, sulfophthalocyanine dyes, formazan dyes, phenazine dyes, oxazine dyes and nitroaryl dyes, R is hydrogen, C1 -C4 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted with --COOH or --SO3 H, cyanoethyl, or hydroxyethyl, X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, --SO3 H, phenylsulfonyl or C1 -C4 -alkylsulfonyl, p is 1 or 2 and A is a radical of the formula STR2 in which: Y is chlorine, bromine, fluorine, --OH, --OSO3 H, --O-acyl, --CN, --COOH, --COO--C1 -C4 -alkyl, --CONH2 or --SO2 --Z, the group designated "alk" is a straight or branched polymethylene radical having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, V is STR3 hydrogen or C1 -C4 -alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1 -C2 -alkoxy, carboxyl, sulfo, halogen or hydroxy, Z is β-halogenoethyl, vinyl or β-acetoxyethyl, or A is a radical of the formulae STR4 in all of which R' is C1-6 -alkyl or hydrogen, Z is as defined above, o is 0 to 6, and m is 2 to 6.
- -
-
-
- A Simple Synthesis of 5-Methoxyindole and 5-Methoxy-2-oxindole
-
1-Methoxy- and 1-hydroxy-2-oxindoles rearranged in acidic solution to 5-substituted 2-aminophenylacetic acid derivatives which were cyclized to the corresponding 2-oxindoles with heating.The synthesis of 5-methoxyindole from 5-methoxy-2-oxindole was also described.
- Sakamoto, Takeshi,Hosoda, Isao,Kikugawa, Yasuo
-
p. 1279 - 1281
(2007/10/02)
-
- Bisazo brown reactive dye
-
A brown reactive dye represented by a free acid of the formula, STR1 wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C4 alkyl group, X is --SO2 CH2 CH2 Cl, --SO2 CH=CH2, --SO2 CH2 CH2 OSO3 H or --SO2 CH2 CH2 OPO3 H2, rings A, B and C are each a benzene or naphthalene ring which may have other substituent, m is 0 to 3 and n is 0 to 1. This dye is suitable for dyeing cellulose fibers brown to afford dyeings superior in fastnesses, acid stability, build-up property and level dyeing property.
- -
-
-
- Fiber-reactive disazo brown dye having vinylsulfone-type reactive group
-
A compound, or a salt thereof, represented by the following formula, STR1 wherein A is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene or naphthylene group, B is STR2 in which R3 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, acylamino or ureido group, and R4 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy group, R1 and R3 are independently a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, X is a substituted or unsubstituted amino, lower alkoxy, substituted phenoxy or sulfo group, Y is --SO2 CH=CH2 or --SO2 CH2 CH2 Z, in which Z is a group capable of being split by the action of an alkali, and m is 2 or 3, which is useful for dyeing hydroxyl group- or amide group-containing fiber materials to give dyed products of a brown color having excellent fastness properties with good build-up property.
- -
-
-
- Pd(CH3CN)4(BF4)2-Assisted Attack of Nitriles on Olefins. A Pd Analogue of the Ritter Reaction
-
The strongly electrophilic complex Pd(CH3CN)4(BF4)2 (1) activates a variety of olefins to undergo nucleophilic attack by nitriles to give nitrilium salts.These nitrilium salts undergo reaction with a variety of nucleophiles including electron-rich aromatics, alcohols, and amines, ultimately producing a variety of heterocyclic ring systems.
- Hegedus, Louis S.,Mulhern, Thomas A.,Asada, Hideki
-
p. 6224 - 6228
(2007/10/02)
-
- Reactive yellow dye having both monochlorotriazinyl and vinylsulfone type reactive groups
-
The compounds represented, in the form of free acid, by the following general formula (I): STR1 (wherein A is STR2 (wherein R3 and R4 are each hydrogen or a methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoylamino or ureido group, and R5 and R6 are each hydrogen or a methyl or methoxy group), R1 and R2 are each hydrogen or a methyl, ethyl or sulfomethyl group, X1 and X2 are each hydrogen, chlorine or a methyl, methoxy, carboxyl or sulfonic acid group, m is a number of 0, 1 or 2, and n is a number of 1 or 2, provided that the sum of m and n is 1, 2 or 3). These compounds are capable of dyeing cellulose fibers in yellow with excellent color fastness to hypochlorite, light, perspiration and sunlight and high acid stability.
- -
-
-
- Rubine disazo acid dyes for polyamides
-
Dyes of the formula STR1 wherein B and D are each independently 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-naphthylene; M is hydrogen, lithium, sodium, potassium or ammonium; A1 is hydrogen, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkyl, trifluoromethyl, nitro, chloro, bromo, cyano, or hydroxy; B1 and B2 are each hydrogen, C1-3 alkoxy, C1-3 alkyl, chloro or bromo; D1 is hydrogen, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkyl, or chloro; D2 is hydrogen, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkyl, chloro, bromo, fluoro, or acylamino, acyl being C1-5 alkanoyl, C1-5 alkylsulfonyl, benzoyl or benzenesulfonyl, each acyl unsubstituted or substituted with 1 to 3 of C1-2 alkyl, C1-2 alkoxy, chloro, bromo, cyano, or hydroxy; and R1 and R2 are each C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 chloro or bromoalkyl, C2-6 hydroxy- or dihydroxyalkyl, C2-6 alkoxyalkyl, C1-6 cyanoalkyl, or phenyl-C1-2 alkyl (phenyl unsubstituted or substituted with 1 to 3 of C1-2 alkyl, C1-2 alkoxy, chloro, bromo, cyano or hydroxy) are useful in dyeing natural and synthetic polyamide fibers in deep and level shades of red to blue.
- -
-
-
- Enzyme-activated oxidative process for coloring hair
-
An enzyme-based oxidative process for coloring hair wherein the hair is exposed to a solution having a pH of about 4 to about 10 and containing hydrogen peroxide, soybean peroxidase enzyme and one or more oxidation dye precursors.
- -
-
-
