- Discovery of dap-3 polymyxin analogues for the treatment of multidrug-resistant gram-negative nosocomial infections
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We report novel polymyxin analogues with improved antibacterial in vitro potency against polymyxin resistant recent clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, a human renal cell in vitro assay (hRPTEC) was used to inform structure-toxicity relationships and further differentiate analogues. Replacement of the Dab-3 residue with a Dap-3 in combination with a relatively polar 6-oxo-1-phenyl-1,6-dihydropyridine-3- carbonyl side chain as a fatty acyl replacement yielded analogue 5x, which demonstrated an improved in vitro antimicrobial and renal cytotoxicity profiles relative to polymyxin B (PMB). However, in vivo PK/PD comparison of 5x and PMB in a murine neutropenic thigh model against P. aeruginosa strains with matched MICs showed that 5x was inferior to PMB in vivo, suggesting a lack of improved therapeutic index in spite of apparent in vitro advantages.
- Magee, Thomas V.,Brown, Matthew F.,Starr, Jeremy T.,Ackley, David C.,Abramite, Joseph A.,Aubrecht, Jiri,Butler, Andrew,Crandon, Jared L.,Dib-Hajj, Fadia,Flanagan, Mark E.,Granskog, Karl,Hardink, Joel R.,Huband, Michael D.,Irvine, Rebecca,Kuhn, Michael,Leach, Karen L.,Li, Bryan,Lin, Jian,Luke, David R.,Macvane, Shawn H.,Miller, Alita A.,McCurdy, Sandra,McKim, James M.,Nicolau, David P.,Nguyen, Thuy-Trinh,Noe, Mark C.,O'Donnell, John P.,Seibel, Scott B.,Shen, Yue,Stepan, Antonia F.,Tomaras, Andrew P.,Wilga, Paul C.,Zhang, Li,Xu, Jinfeng,Chen, Jinshan Michael
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- Novel S1P1 receptor agonists - Part 5: From amino-to alkoxy-pyridines
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In a previous communication we reported on the discovery of aminopyridine 1 as a potent, selective and orally active S1P1 receptor agonist. More detailed studies revealed that this compound is phototoxic in vitro. As a result of efforts aiming at eliminating this undesired property, a series of alkoxy substituted pyridine derivatives was discovered. The photo irritancy factor (PIF) of these alkoxy pyridines was significantly lower than the one of aminopyridine 1 and most compounds were not phototoxic. Focused SAR studies showed, that 2-, 3-, and 4-pyridine derivatives delivered highly potent S1P1 receptor agonists. While the 2-pyridines were clearly more selective against S1PR3, the corresponding 3- or 4-pyridine analogues showed significantly longer oral half-lives and as a consequence longer pharmacological duration of action after oral administration. One of the best compounds, cyclopentoxy-pyridine 45b lacked phototoxicity, showed EC50 values of 0.7 and 140 nM on S1PR1 and S1PR3, respectively, and maximally reduced the blood lymphocyte count for at least 24 h after oral administration of 10 mg/kg to Wistar rats.
- Bolli, Martin H.,Lescop, Cyrille,Birker, Magdalena,De Kanter, Ruben,Hess, Patrick,Kohl, Christopher,Nayler, Oliver,Rey, Markus,Sieber, Patrick,Velker, J?rg,Weller, Thomas,Steiner, Beat
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p. 326 - 341
(2016/04/19)
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- SPIROCHROMANON DERIVATIVES
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The invention relates to a compound of a general formula (I): wherein Ar1 represents a group formed from an aromatic ring selected from a group consisting of benzene, pyrazole, isoxazole, pyridine, indole, 1H-indazole, 1H-furo[2,3-c]pyrazole, 1H-thieno[2,3-c]pyrazole, benzimidazole, 1,2-benzisoxazole, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine and 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, having Ar2, and optionally having one or two or more substituents selected from R3; R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C2-C7 alkanoyl group, a C2-C7 alkoxycarbonyl group, an aralkyloxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl-C1-C6 alkoxy group, a carboxy-C2-C6 alkenyl group, or a group of -Q1-N(Ra)-Q2-Rb; or a C1-C6 alkyl group optionally having a substituent; or an aryl or heterocyclic group optionally having a substituent; or a C1-C6 alkyl group or a C2-C6 alkenyl group having the aryl or heterocyclic group; T and U each independently represent a nitrogen atom or a methine group; and V represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. The compound of the invention is useful as therapeutical agents for various ACC-related diseases.
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Page/Page column 129
(2008/12/07)
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