- Nickel-Catalyzed Boron Insertion into the C2-O Bond of Benzofurans
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Treatment of benzofurans with bis(pinacolato)diboron and Cs2CO3 under nickel-NHC catalysis resulted in the insertion of a boron atom into the C2-O bond of benzofurans to afford the corresponding oxaborins. The scope of benzofuran substrates is wide, and the reactions proceeded without loss of functional groups such as fluoro, methoxy, and ester that are potentially reactive under nickel catalysis. The boron-inserted products proved to be useful building blocks and subsequently underwent a series of transformations, one of which led to the synthesis of fluorescent π-expanded oxaborins.
- Saito, Hayate,Otsuka, Shinya,Nogi, Keisuke,Yorimitsu, Hideki
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Read Online
- Palladium-Catalyzed Chlorocarbonylation of Aryl (Pseudo)Halides Through In Situ Generation of Carbon Monoxide
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An efficient palladium-catalyzed chlorocarbonylation of aryl (pseudo)halides that gives access to a wide range of carboxylic acid derivatives has been developed. The use of butyryl chloride as a combined CO and Cl source eludes the need for toxic, gaseous carbon monoxide, thus facilitating the synthesis of high-value products from readily available aryl (pseudo)halides. The combination of palladium(0), Xantphos, and an amine base is essential to promote this broadly applicable catalytic reaction. Overall, this reaction provides access to a great variety of carbonyl-containing products through in situ transformation of the generated aroyl chloride. Combined experimental and computational studies support a reaction mechanism involving in situ generation of CO.
- Bismuto, Alessandro,Boehm, Philip,Morandi, Bill,Roediger, Sven
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supporting information
p. 17887 - 17896
(2020/08/19)
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- Indium(III)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzo[ b]furans by Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation of ortho-Alkynylphenols: Scope and Mechanistic Insights
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Indium(III) halides catalyze the hydroalkoxylation reaction of ortho-alkynylphenols to afford benzo[b]furans in good yields. The reaction proceeds with 5-endo-dig regioselectivity with a variety of phenols functionalized at the arene and alkyne moieties in high yields using InI3 (5 mol %) in DCE. Experimental and computational studies support a mechanism based on the indium(III) π-Lewis acid activation of the alkyne followed by nucleophilic addition of the phenol and final protodemetalation to afford the corresponding benzo[b]furan. DFT calculations suggest that dimer In2I6 is the catalytic species through a novel double coordination with the alkyne and the hydroxyl group.
- Alonso-Mara?ón, Lorena,Martínez, M. Montserrat,Sarandeses, Luis A.,Gómez-Bengoa, Enrique,Pérez Sestelo, José
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p. 7970 - 7980
(2018/06/22)
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- Structure-activity relationships for analogs of the tuberculosis drug bedaquiline with the naphthalene unit replaced by bicyclic heterocycles
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Replacing the naphthalene C-unit of the anti-tuberculosis drug bedaquiline with a range of bicyclic heterocycles of widely differing lipophilicity gave analogs with a 4.5-fold range in clogP values. The biological results for these compounds indicate on average a lower clogP limit of about 5.0 in this series for retention of potent inhibitory activity (MIC90s) against M.tb in culture. Some of the compounds also showed a significant reduction in inhibition of hERG channel potassium current compared with bedaquiline, but there was no common structural feature that distinguished these.
- Sutherland, Hamish S.,Tong, Amy S.T.,Choi, Peter J.,Conole, Daniel,Blaser, Adrian,Franzblau, Scott G.,Cooper, Christopher B.,Upton, Anna M.,Lotlikar, Manisha U.,Denny, William A.,Palmer, Brian D.
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p. 1797 - 1809
(2018/02/28)
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- Copper-Catalyzed Ring Opening of Benzofurans and an Enantioselective Hydroamination Cascade
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A copper(II) acetate/(R)-DTBM-SEGPHOS-catalyzed ring opening of benzofurans and enantioselective hydroamination cascade with dimethoxymethylsilane (DMMS) and hydroxylamine esters is described. Starting from readily available substituted benzofurans, a series of chiral N,N-dibenzylaminophenols, which are of high interest in pharmaceutical chemistry, were obtained with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 66 % yield, 94 % ee).
- Xu-Xu, Qing-Feng,Liu, Qiang-Qiang,Zhang, Xiao,You, Shu-Li
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supporting information
p. 15204 - 15208
(2018/10/24)
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- Imidazole-containing condensed tricyclic compound and application thereof
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The invention discloses an imidazole-containing condensed tricyclic compound adopting the structure as shown in the formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, stereisomers or prodrug molecules thereof. The imidazole-containing condensed tricyclic compound has the IDO1 activity regulation function, can enhance T-cell activation through blocking immune checkpoints IDO1, is used for treating IDO1-mediated immunosuppression, and therefore, can become an effective medicine for treating malignant tumors. When used together with checkpoint protein anti-body drugs or other anti-cancer drugs, the imidazole-containing condensed tricyclic compound can enhance the anti-cancer effect. Meanwhile, the imidazole-containing condensed tricyclic compound has the potential of effectively treating IDO1 abnormity related immunosuppressive diseases and has a high application value.
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- ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOUNDS AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for the treatment of tuberculosis.
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Paragraph 0181
(2017/09/28)
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- A Pincer Ruthenium Complex for Regioselective C-H Silylation of Heteroarenes
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A pincer Ru(II) catalyst for the highly efficient undirected silylation of O- and S-heteroarenes with (TMSO)2MeSiH and Et3SiH is described, producing heteroarylsilanes with exclusive C2-regioselectivity, good functional-group tolerance, and high turnover numbers (up to 1960). The synthetic utility of the silylated products is demonstrated by Pd-catalyzed Hiyama-Denmark cross-coupling under mild conditions. One-pot, two-step silylation and coupling procedures have been also developed.
- Fang, Huaquan,Guo, Le,Zhang, Yuxuan,Yao, Wubing,Huang, Zheng
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supporting information
p. 5624 - 5627
(2016/11/17)
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- Mizoroki-Heck reactions catalyzed by dichloro{bis[1- (dicyclohexylphosphanyl)piperidine]}palladium: Palladium nanoparticle formation promoted by (water-induced) ligand degradation
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The palladium-based dichlorobis[1-(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)piperidine] complex - [(P{(NC5H10)(C6H11) 2})2Pd(Cl)2] is readily prepared in quantitative yield from the reaction of [Pd(cod)(Cl)2] (cod=cycloocta-1,5-diene) with two equivalents of 1-(dicyclohexylphosphanyl) piperidine in toluene under N2 within only a few minutes at room temperature. This complex is a highly active Heck catalyst with excellent functional group tolerance, which reliably operates at low catalyst loadings. Various activated, non-activated, deactivated, functionalized, sterically hindered, and heterocyclic aryl bromides, which may contain nitro, chloro or trifluoromethane groups, nitriles, acetales, ketones, aldehydes, ethers, esters, lactones, amides, anilines, phenols, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and heterocyclic aryl bromides, such as pyridines and derivatives, as well as thiophenes and aryl bromides containing methylsulfanyl groups have been successfully coupled with various (also functionalized) alkenes in excellent yields and selectivities (the E-isomers are typically exclusively formed) at 140 °C in the presence of 0.05 mol % of the catalyst in DMF. Even though lower catalyst loadings could be used for many electronically activated, non-activated and some electronically deactivated aryl bromides without noticeable loss of activity, the great advantage of the reaction protocol presented here lies in its reliability and general applicability, which allows its direct adoption to other aryl bromides without the neccessity of its modification. Experimental observations indicated that palladium nanoparticles are the catalytically active form. Consequently, whereas comparable levels of activity were observed for dichloro-bis(aminophosphine) complexes of palladium, a dramatic drop in activity was found for their phosphine-based analogue [(P(C6H 11)3)2Pd(Cl)2]. Copyright
- Oberholzer, Miriam,Gerber, Roman,Frech, Christian M.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 627 - 641
(2012/04/23)
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- Cycloisomerization of aromatic homo and bis-homopropargylic alcohols via catalytic ru vinylidenes: Formation of benzofurans and isochromenes
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Ru-catalyzed cycloisomerizations of aromatic homo- and bis-homopropargylic alcohols effectively afford benzofurans and isochromenes. These processes proved to be chemo- and regioselective (5-, and 6-endo cyclizations) derived from key Ru vinylidene intermediates. The presence of an amine/ammonium base-acid pair is crucial for the catalytic cycle.
- Varela-Fernandez, Alejandro,Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Carlos,Varela, Jesus A.,Castedo, Luis,Saa, Carlos
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5350 - 5353
(2009/12/30)
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- OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR MODULATORS
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Oxadiazole derivatives of formula (I) where ring A is a bicyclic or tricyclic system. Claimed compounds are active on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and are useful to treat neurological, psychiatric, and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as sepsis and obesity.
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Page/Page column 36
(2009/07/17)
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- Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as novel inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3β
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Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is implicated in abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and its inhibitors are expected to be a promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Here we report design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of oxadiazole derivatives as GSK-3β inhibitors. Among these inhibitors, compound 20x showed highly selective and potent GSK-3β inhibitory activity in vitro and its binding mode was determined by obtaining the X-ray co-crystal structure of 20x and GSK-3β.
- Saitoh, Morihisa,Kunitomo, Jun,Kimura, Eiji,Hayase, Yoji,Kobayashi, Hiromi,Uchiyama, Noriko,Kawamoto, Tomohiro,Tanaka, Toshimasa,Mol, Clifford D.,Dougan, Douglas R.,Textor, Garret S.,Snell, Gyorgy P.,Itoh, Fumio
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experimental part
p. 2017 - 2029
(2009/05/26)
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- 2-{3-[4-(Alkylsulfinyl)phenyl]-1-benzofuran-5-yl}-5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as novel inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3β with good brain permeability
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Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) inhibition is expected to be a promising therapeutic approach for treating Alzheimer's disease. Previously we reported a series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as potent and highly selective GSK-3β inhibitors, however,
- Saitoh, Morihisa,Kunitomo, Jun,Kimura, Eiji,Iwashita, Hiroki,Uno, Yumiko,Onishi, Tomohiro,Uchiyama, Noriko,Kawamoto, Tomohiro,Tanaka, Toshimasa,Mol, Clifford D.,Dougan, Douglas R.,Textor, Garret P.,Snell, Gyorgy P.,Takizawa, Masayuki,Itoh, Fumio,Kori, Masakuni
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experimental part
p. 6270 - 6286
(2010/03/24)
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- Reaction of alkyl-3-nitro- and -3-bromo-3-nitroacrylates with 2-(2-nitroethenyl)furan
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The diene condensation of β-nitro and β-bromo-β- nitroacrylates with 2-(2-nitroethenyl)furan as 1,3-diene leads to a mixture of regioisomeric tetrahydrobenzofurans transforming under the reaction conditions into benzofurancarboxylates due to the easy dehydrohalogenation, denitration, and dehydration. In the case of a gem-bromonitroacrylate reaction takes two routes: diene synthesis and alkylation of the furan ring, the latter process prevailing. The structure of products formed was established by spectral methods. The investigation of geometry of 2-(1-methoxycarbonyl-2-nitroethenyl)- 5-(2-nitroethenyl)furan by XRD analysis showed that its vinyl fragments have the coplanar chelate-like structure with the cisoid orientation of the CO 2Me and NO2 groups. The ester group deviates from the plane of the the carbon-carbon multiple bond.
- Berestovitskaya,Anisimova,Kataeva,Berkova,Jager
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p. 954 - 962
(2008/12/20)
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- Discovery of N-[(3R)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5- carboxamide, an agonist of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, for the potential treatment of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: Synthesis and structure-activity relationship
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N-[(3R)-1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide (14, PHA-543,613), a novel agonist of the α7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR), has been identified as a potential treatment of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Compound 14 is a potent and selective a7 nAChR agonist with an excellent in vitro profile. The compound is characterized by rapid brain penetration and high oral bioavailability in rat and demonstrates in vivo efficacy in auditory sensory gating and, in an in vivo model to assess cognitive performance, novel object recognition.
- Wishka, Donn G.,Walker, Daniel P.,Yates, Karen M.,Reitz, Steven C.,Jia, Shaojuan,Myers, Jason K.,Olson, Kirk L.,Jacobsen, E. Jon,Wolfe, Mark L.,Groppi, Vincent E.,Hanchar, Alexander J.,Thornburgh, Bruce A.,Cortes-Burgos, Luz A.,Wong, Erik H. F.,Staton, Brian A.,Raub, Thomas J.,Higdon, Nicole R.,Wall, Theron M.,Hurst, Raymond S.,Walters, Rodney R.,Hoffmann, William E.,Hajos, Mihaly,Franklin, Stanley,Carey, Galen,Gold, Lisa H.,Cook, Karen K.,Sands, Steven B.,Zhao, Sabrina X.,Soglia, John R.,Kalgutkar, Amit S.,Arneric, Stephen P.,Rogers, Bruce N.
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p. 4425 - 4436
(2007/10/03)
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- COMPOUNDS HAVING BOTH α7 NICOTINIC AGONIST ACTIVITY AND 5HT3 ANTAGONIST ACTIVITY FOR TREATMENT OF CNS DISEASES
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The invention discloses compounds that are selective α7 nAChR agonists and 5-HT3 antagonists. The compounds are useful for treating many CNS diseases.
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- Azabicyclic compounds for the treatment of disease
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The invention provides compounds of Formula I: 1wherein Azabicyclo is 2These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, may be in pure enantiomeric form or racemic mixtures, and are useful in pharmaceuticals in which α7 is known to be involved.
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- Sulfonamide compounds and medicinal use thereof
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A sulfonamide compound of the formula (I):R 1 --SO 2 NHCO--A--R 2 (I)wherein R 1 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and the like; A is an optionally substituted heteropolycyclic group except benzimidazolyl, indolyl, 4,7-dihydrobenzimidazolyl and 2,3-dihydrobenzoxazinyl; X is alkylene, oxa, oxa(lower)alkylene and the like; and R 2 is optionally substituted aryl, substituted biphenylyl and the like, a salt thereof and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same. The sulfonamide compound is effective for the diseases treatable based on their blood sugar level-depressing activity, cGMP-PDE (especially PDE-V)-inhibiting activity, smooth muscle relaxing activity, bronchodilating activity, vasodilating activity, smooth muscle cell suppressing activity, and antiallergic activity.
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- Aminoalkylindoles: Structure - Activity Relationships of Novel Cannabinoid Mimetics
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Aminoalkylindoles (AAIs) are a novel series of cannabinoid receptor ligands.In this report we disclose the structural features of AAIs which are important for binding to this receptor as measured by inhibition of binding of 3H>Win 55212-2 (5).Functional activity in the mouse vas deferens is also noted and used to distinguish agonists from potential antagonists.The key structural features for potent cannabinoid activity in this series are a bicyclic (naphthyl) substituent at the 3-position, a small (H) substituent at the 2-position, and an aminoethyl (morpholinoethyl) substituent at the 1-position.A 6-bromo analog, Win 54461 (31), has been identified as a potential cannabinoid receptor antagonist.Modeling experiments were done to develop a pharmacophore and also to compare AAI structures with those of classical cannabinoids.The fact that the cannabinoid AAIs arose out of work on a series of cyclooxygenase inhibitors makes sense now that an endogenous cannabinoid ligand has been identified which is a derivative of arachidonic acid.Because of their unique structures and physical properties, AAIs provide useful tools to study the structure and function of the cannabinoid receptor(s).
- Eissenstat, Michael A.,Bell, Malcolm R.,D'Ambra, Thomas E.,Alexander, E. John,Daum, Sol J.,et al.
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p. 3094 - 3105
(2007/10/02)
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- NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF BENZOSUBSTITUTED BENZOFURANS VIA DIELS-ALDER REACTION
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A useful synthetic approach to benzosubstituted benzofurans via Diels-Alder reaction of 2-vinyl furans is described.
- Kusurkar, R. S.,Bhosale, D. K.
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p. 101 - 109
(2007/10/02)
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