- Investigation of hydrocarbon generation mechanism by polarizing the carboxy-group of fatty acid salt with microwave radiation
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Triglycerides can be converted to renewable hydrocarbons fuel which can be used as engine fuels by alkali pyrolysis decarboxylation and cracking processes. The purpose of present study was to explore decarboxylation mechanism of fatty acid salt with microwave radiation. Sodium stearate, potassium stearate, sodium oleate and sodium laurate was chosen as a model compound. The carboxy-terminal of this dipolar molecule was further polarized with microwave radiation. The Lorentz force of ions of dipolar molecules were moved in accordance with the way of electromagnetic waves, contribute to the formation of carbanion, which effectively promote the decarboxylation reaction. Moreover, the polarity of carboxy-terminal was stronger, more easily decarboxylation. The surface of glycerol formed a High-Temperature Locus in microwave radiation reaction system, facilitate the decarboxylation processe, in adition to played a role as the hydrogen donor for this high dielectric value compound. C8-C20 n-alkanes and n-alk-1-enes were arranged regular in liquid products. It proved the feasibility to derive renewable hydrocarbon fuel from sodium salt of fatty acids by microwave pyrolysis.
- Wang,Liu,Ruan,Wen,Wan,Zhang
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- METHOD FOR SEPARATING HIGH-BOILING CARBOXYLIC ACID VINYL ESTER/CARBOXYLIC ACID MIXTURES
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The invention relates to a method for separating a mixture containing at least one carboxylic acid vinyl ester of general formula R′—C(O)O—CH═CH2 and at least one carboxylic acid of general formula R′—COOH, wherein R′ in either case can be an aliphatic group having 12 to 22 C atoms or a cycloaliphatic group having 12 to 22 C atoms, or an aromatic group having 12 to 22 C atoms, and R′ can be identical or different, characterized in that the carboxylic acid is converted to its anhydride R′—C(O)—O—C(O)—R′ and the carboxylic acid vinyl ester is subsequently separated.
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Paragraph 0039
(2017/05/15)
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- Ruthenium-Catalyzed Selective Addition of Carboxylic Acids to Alkynes.A Novel Synthesis of Enol Esters
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Carboxylic acids react with alkynes in the presence of a catalytic amount of bis(ν5-cyclooctadienyl)ruthenium/trialkylphosphine/maleic anhydride in toluene at 60-80 deg.C to give enol esters having a terminal methylene group in good to excellent yields with high regioselectivity.The deuterium distributions in the products of the reaction of acetic acid-d with 1-hexyne and ethyl propargyl carbonate were examined.Kinetic measurments revealed that the rate has first-order dependence on carboxylic acid, alkyne, and the initial concentration of the ruthenium catalyst.
- Mitsudo, Take-aki,Hori, Yoji,Yamakawa, Yasushi,Watanabe, Yoshihisa
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p. 2230 - 2239
(2007/10/02)
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- Anti-solar polymers, method of making the same and cosmetic compositions containing the same
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An anti-solar polymer has in the macromolecular chain thereof at least one unit of the formula STR1 wherein F is a residue derived from an aromatic compound. The anti-solar polymer can also be one having in the macromolecular chain thereof at least one unit of the formula STR2 wherein F1 is STR3 These polymers have the ability to absorb wave lengths in the range of about 280-315 millimicrons. The polymers are employed in a cosmetic composition.
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