- Optimizing ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone by using aluminum complexes bearing amide as catalysts and their application in synthesizing poly-ε-caprolactone with special initiators and other polycycloesters
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A series of aluminum complexes bearing amidate ligands, including acylamide, sulfonamide, and aryl carbamate, was synthesized. In addition, the optimization of ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone by using these aluminum complexes as catalysts was studied. Polymerization results revealed that steric bulky groups in anilinyl groups decreased the catalytic activity of aluminum sulfonamide complexes but increased that of aluminum-acylamide complexes. Compared with other complexes bearing N-(4-methoxyphenyl) acylamidate and N-(4-methoxyphenyl) p-tolylsulfonamidate, an aluminum complex (MfOMeAlMe2) bearing methyl (4-methoxyphenyl)carbamate had the highest catalytic activity with an ideal molecular weight control and narrow polydispersity index (PDI). Other poly-ε-caprolactones with special end chains, such as PEG-200, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) disulfide, 2-((2-hydroxyethyl)disulfanyl)ethyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate, and PEG-polyester-bearing disulfide group, were successfully synthesized using MfOMeAlMe2 as the catalyst. The polymerization of δ-valerolactone and 2-bromo-ε-caprolactone by using BnOH as an initiator and MfOMeAlMe2 as the catalyst resulted in poly-δ-valerolactone and poly-2-bromo-ε-caprolactone, respectively, with a precise molecular weight and a narrow PDI as well as poly-ε-caprolactones.
- Tseng, Hsi-Ching,Chen, Fu-Shen,Chiang, Michael Y.,Lu, Wei-Yi,Chen, Yu-Hsieh,Lai, Yi-Chun,Chen, Hsuan-Ying
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- Synthesis of magnetic chitosan supported metformin-Cu(II) complex as a recyclable catalyst for N-arylation of primary sulfonamides
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The application of chitosan, which has received much attention as a natural polymer and effective support, has many advantages such as biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this study, the immobilization of a copper complex on the magnetic chitosan bearing metformin ligand has been developed through immobilizing structurally defined metformin with long tail of (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane (TMOS). The synthesized Fe3O4-chitosan@metformin-Cu(II) complex (Fe3O4-CS@Met-Cu(II)) was used as an effective, reusable and magnetic catalyst in the N-arylation of different derivatives of primary sulfonamides with arylboronic acids in ethanol. The primary sulfonamides were prepared from the reaction of sulfonyl chlorides with sodium cyanate in water under ultrasonic irradiation. Utilizing a wide variety of substrates in EtOH as a green solvent, high yields of the primary and secondary sulfonamides, easy work-up along with the excellent recovery and reusability of the catalyst, make this process a simple, economic and environmentally benign method. The synthesized Fe3O4-CS@Met-Cu(II) was characterized using various techniques such as XRD (X-ray diffraction), EDS (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), elemental mapping, TEM (transmission electron microscopy), FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy), VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer), ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) and FT-IR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) analyses. The catalyst can be recycled and reused 5 times with no considerable loss of catalytic activity.
- Ahmadpoor, Fatemeh,Nasrollahzadeh, Mahmoud,Nezafat, Zahra,Pakzad, Khatereh
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- Nanocopper-mediated direct arylsulfonamidation of aryl halides with arylsulfonyl azides
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An efficient protocol for direct arylsulfonamidation of aryl iodides and aryl bromides using arylsulfonylazides catalyzed by copper nanoparticles is described. Iranian Chemical Society 2012.
- Yavari,Solgi,Ghazanfarpour-Darjani,Ahmadian
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- CuI catalyzed sulfamidation of arylboronic acid using TsNBr2 at room temperature
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An expeditious protocol for amidation arylboronic acid has been developed using TsNBr2 as the nitrogen source in presence of a CuI as catalyst. Various arylboronic acids could be transformed into corresponding N-arylsulfonamide derivatives within a very short time using CuI as catalyst in presence of DBU at room temperature.
- Loukrakpam, Dineshwori Chanu,Phukan, Prodeep
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- Combustion-derived CdO nanopowder as a heterogeneous basic catalyst for efficient synthesis of sulfonamides from aromatic amines using p-toluenesulfonyl chloride
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A simple and rapid synthesis of CdO nanopowder via the solution combustion route employing l-(+)-tartaric acid as a fuel is reported for the first time. The catalyst was characterized by PXRD, SEM, TEM, BET surface area measurement, basic site measurement from back titration and FTIR. Combustion derived CdO nanopowder acts as a catalyst in the sulfonylation of amines with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride to obtain sulfonamides in excellent yield (85-95 %) and high purity under mild reaction conditions. CdO nanopowder has been found to be an efficient catalyst requiring a shorter reaction time (10-30 min) to obtain sulfonamide when compared with the commercial CdO powder requiring 2 h under similar conditions. The catalyst can be recovered and reused four times without any significant loss of catalytic activity. Potential role of CdO nanopowder in the synthesis of sulfonamides and its mechanism is proposed.
- Anandakumar, Belladamadu Siddappa,Madhusudana Reddy, Muthukur Bhojegowd,Thipperudraiah, Kumarappa Veerappa,Pasha, Mohamed Afzal,Chandrappa, Gujjarahalli Thimmanna
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- Palladium-catalyzed N-arylsulfonamide formation from arylsulfonyl hydrazides and nitroarenes
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A palladium-catalyzed construction for N-arylsulfonamide from nitroarenes and arylsulfonyl hydrazides is developed. In this protocol, abundant and stable nitroarenes serve as the nitrogen sources by in situ reduction reaction of hydrogen released from arylsulfonyl hydrazides. No external oxidants or reductants are needed for this kind of transformation.
- Zhao, Feng,Li, Bin,Huang, Huawen,Deng, Guo-Jun
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- Natural Indian Natrolite zeolite-supported Cu nanoparticles: A new and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for N-arylation of sulfonamides with boronic acids in water under ligand-free conditions
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We report here on the preparation of primary sulfonamides and efficient, easily recoverable and reusable copper nanoparticles supported on natural Indian Natrolite zeolite as a catalyst for arylation of sulfonamides with arylboronic acids in water. The catalyst was characterized using the powder XRD, SEM, EDS and FT-IR spectroscopy. The significant advantages of this methodology are high yields, elimination of organic solvents, and simple work-up procedure. The catalyst was easily isolated from the reaction mixture and reused with no significant loss in its activity.
- Azarifar, Davood,Soleimanei, Fatemeh
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- Sustainable synthesis of sulfonamides using supported ionic liquid phase catalyst containing Keggin-type anion
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A silica-supported ionic liquid phase catalyst containing Keggin-type anion has been prepared by covalent grafting of ferrocene-tagged ionic liquid in a matrix of silica followed by anion metathesis reaction. This novel catalyst served as a robust heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of biologically active sulfonamides from 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride and amines. Additionally, recycling experiments showed that the catalyst could be reused five times.
- Jagadale, Megha,Khanapure, Sharanabasappa,Salunkhe, Rajashri,Rajmane, Mohan,Rashinkar, Gajanan
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- Copper-catalysed N-arylation of arylsulfonamides with aryl bromides and aryl iodides using KF/Al2O3
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An efficient synthesis of N-arylsulfonamides with a variety of aryl bromides, aryl iodides and heteroaryl bromides using KF/Al2O 3 as a suitable base, CuI as an inexpensive catalyst and N,N′dimethylethylenediamine (N,N′-DMEDA) as an effective ligand is described. Indian Academy of Sciences.
- Hosseinzadeh, Rahman,Tajbakhsh, Mahmood,Mohadjerani, Maryam,Alikarami, Mohammad
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- Copper-catalyzed N-arylation of sulfonamides with boronic acids in water under ligand-free and aerobic conditions
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An efficient and novel method for the copper-catalyzed arylation of sulfonamides in water under ligand-free conditions is reported. The significant advantages of this methodology are high yields, simple workup procedure, and elimination of toxic materials
- Nasrollahzadeh, Mahmoud,Ehsani, Ali,Maham, Mehdi
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- Straightforward synthesis, spectroscopic characterizations and comprehensive DFT calculations of novel 1-ester 4-sulfonamide-1,2,3-triazole scaffolds
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For the first time, an efficient click azide?alkyne [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction for synthesis of new 1-ester 4-sulfonamide-1,2,3-triazole derivatives was developed via a three-component reaction of N-propargylsulfonamides, sodium azide, and α-haloesters in a one pot method. The mild reaction conditions, avoiding the isolation of hazardous organic azides, good yields (65–78%), and commercially available and inexpensive starting materials are advantages of this cycloaddition reaction for synthesis of fine chemicals. The all desired products were characterized by FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The HOMO-LUMO analysis (electrophilicity index), vibrational frequencies (FT-IR), 1H and 13C chemical shift values and Li+ and Na+ ion affinities of a desired product have been also calculated by density functional theory (DFT). Lithium ion affinity of the product was determined as 80.78 kJ/mol higher than its sodium ion affinity. The NICS index was used to confirm of the cation π interaction in complex of the synthesized product with Li+ and Na+ ions.
- Alizadeh, Maryam,Mirjafary, Zohreh,Saeidian, Hamid
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- A practical, water-soluble, ionic scavenger for the solution-phase syntheses of amides
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A new ionic, water-soluble scavenger for acyl chlorides, 1-(2-aminoethyl)pyridinium bromide (1), has been investigated. Compound 1 was used for the rapid and simple purification of a series of benzamides and sulfonamides (Table) obtained by solution-phase synthesis from the corresponding amines (Scheme). The inexpensive scavenger, which can be prepared on large scale, was shown to readily 'eliminate' excess acyl chlorides (reagent) by simple aqueous extraction. The amides purified in this way were obtained in excellent yields and purities (Table), which makes 1 a versatile new reagent, especially for the combinatorial solution-phase synthesis of amide libraries.
- Lei, Ming,Tao, Xiao-Le,Wang, Yan-Guang
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- A convenient and benign synthesis of sulphonamides in PEG-400
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A simple and convenient method is reported for the synthesis of a series of sulphonamides in PEG-400 using potassium carbonate as the base. The reaction is carried out in a heterogeneous medium and consequently product recovery is simple. The desired products with a variety of aromatic amines could be synthesized in a short reaction time in good yield. The PEG could be recovered for reuse.
- Das, Pranab Jyoti,Sarmah, Bhaskar
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- Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergence for Catalytic Stereoselective Semireduction of Allenamides
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Ligand-controlled regiodivergence has been developed for catalytic semireduction of allenamides with excellent chemo- and stereocontrol. This system also provides an example of catalytic regiodivergent semireduction of allenes for the first time. The divergence of the semireduction is enabled by ligand switch with the same palladium pre-catalyst under operationally simple and mild conditions. Monodentate ligand XPhos exclusively promotes selective 1,2-semireduction to afford allylic amides, while bidentate ligand BINAP completely switched the regioselectivity to 2,3-semireduction, producing (E)-enamide derivatives.
- Hajiloo Shayegan, Mojtaba,Li, Zhong-Yuan,Cui, Xin
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supporting information
(2021/12/02)
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- Immobilization of copper(II) into polyacrylonitrile fiber toward efficient and recyclable catalyst in Chan-Lam coupling reactions
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A series of polyacrylonitrile fiber (PANF)-supported copper(II) catalysts were prepared through the immobilization of Cu(II) into prolinamide-modified PANF (PANPA-2F) and subsequently used for the synthesis of diverse N-arylimidazoles from arylboronic acids and imidazole. The prepared Cu(II)@PANPA-2Fs were well characterized by mechanical strength, FT-IR, XRD, XPS and SEM. Among them, CuCl2@PANPA-2F exhibited excellent catalytic performance, and its activity was significantly affected by the Cu loading. This catalytic system also displayed good activity in the synthesis of N-arylsulfonamides from arylboronic acids and tosyl azide. It was highly efficient in gram-scale reactions and could be reused five times. The advantages of low cost, easy preparation, good durability and facile recovery make the fiber catalyst attractive.
- Zhang, Chenlu,Zhu, Hai,Gang, Kaiyue,Tao, Minli,Ma, Ning,Zhang, Wenqin
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- A Broad-Spectrum Catalytic Amidation of Sulfonyl Fluorides and Fluorosulfates**
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A broad-spectrum, catalytic method has been developed for the synthesis of sulfonamides and sulfamates. With the activation by the combination of a catalytic amount of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) and silicon additives, amidations of sulfonyl fluorides and fluorosulfates proceeded smoothly and excellent yields were generally obtained (87–99 %). Noticeably, this protocol is particularly efficient for sterically hindered substrates. Catalyst loading is generally low and only 0.02 mol % of catalyst is required for the multidecagram-scale synthesis of an amantadine derivative. In addition, the potential of this method in medicinal chemistry has been demonstrated by the synthesis of the marketed drug Fedratinib via a key intermediate sulfonyl fluoride 13. Since a large number of amines are commercially available, this route provides a facile entry to access Fedratinib analogues for biological screening.
- Wei, Mingjie,Liang, Dacheng,Cao, Xiaohui,Luo, Wenjun,Ma, Guojian,Liu, Zeyuan,Li, Le
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supporting information
p. 7397 - 7404
(2021/02/16)
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- KCC-1 aminopropyl-functionalized supported on iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles as a novel magnetic nanocatalyst for the green and efficient synthesis of sulfonamide derivatives
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A new magnetic nanocatalyst (Fe3O4@KCC-1-npr-NH2) was synthesized directly through the reaction of Fe3O4@KCC-1 with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) using a hydrothermal protocol. Prepared nanocomposite was used as a magnetically reusable nanocatalyst for an efficient synthesis of a broad range of sulfonamide derivatives in water as a green solvent at room temperature and the products are collected by filtration with excellent yields (85–97%). The nanocatalyst could be remarkably recovered and reused after ten times without any significant decrease in activity. This mild and simple synthesis method offers some advantages including short reaction time, high yield and simple work-up procedure.
- Azizi, Sajjad,Shadjou, Nasrin,Hasanzadeh, Mohammad
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- Enantioselective dearomative [3+2] annulation of 5-amino-isoxazoles with quinone monoimines
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The first enantioselective dearomative [3+2] annulation of 5-amino-isoxazoles with quinone monoimines was realized using a chiral phosphoric acid as catalyst. Various novel (bridged) isoxazoline fused dihydrobenzofurans bearing two continuous quaternary stereocenters were achieved in moderate to good yields (up to 94%) with moderate to good enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee). The absolute configurations of two products were assigned by X-ray crystal structural analyses and a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed. This journal is
- Liu, Hui,Yan, Yingkun,Zhang, Jiayan,Liu, Min,Cheng, Shaobing,Wang, Zhouyu,Zhang, Xiaomei
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supporting information
p. 13591 - 13594
(2020/11/17)
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- Transition-Metal-Free and Visible-Light-Mediated Desulfonylation and Dehalogenation Reactions: Hantzsch Ester Anion as Electron and Hydrogen Atom Donor
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Novel approaches for N- and O-desulfonylation under room temperature (rt) and transition-metal-free conditions have been developed. The first methodology involves the transformation of a variety of N-sulfonyl heterocycles and phenyl benzenesulfonates to the corresponding desulfonylated products in good to excellent yields using only KOtBu in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at rt. Alternately, a visible light method has been used for deprotection of N-methyl-N-arylsulfonamides with Hantzsch ester (HE) anion serving as the visible-light-absorbing reagent and electron and hydrogen atom donor to promote the desulfonylation reaction. The HE anion can be easily prepared in situ by reaction of the corresponding HE with KOtBu in DMSO at rt. Both protocols were further explored in terms of synthetic scope as well as mechanistic aspects to rationalize key features of desulfonylation processes. Furthermore, the HE anion induces reductive dehalogenation reaction of aryl halides under visible light irradiation.
- Heredia, Micaela D.,Guerra, Walter D.,Barolo, Silvia M.,Fornasier, Santiago J.,Rossi, Roberto A.,Budén, Mariá E.
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supporting information
p. 13481 - 13494
(2020/12/15)
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- Intermolecular Alkene Difunctionalization via Gold-Catalyzed Oxyarylation
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The gold-catalyzed intermolecular oxyarylation of alkenes is reported. This work employed the oxidative addition of aryl iodides to Me?DalphosAu+ for the formation of a AuIII?Ar intermediate. The better binding ability of alkenes over O nucleophiles ensured the success of intermolecular oxyarylation, giving desired products with a broad substrate scope and high efficiency (>50 examples with up to 95 % yield). One-pot converting of methoxy groups into other nucleophiles allowed achieving alkene difunctionalization with the construction of C?N, C?S, and C?C bonds under mild conditions.
- Shi, Xiaodong,Wang, Chenhuan,Ye, Xiaohan,Zhang, Shuyao
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supporting information
p. 20470 - 20474
(2020/09/09)
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- Nitrosoarenes as Nitrogen Source for Generation of Sulfonamides with the Insertion of Sulfur Dioxide under Metal-Free Conditions?
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A metal-free reaction of nitrosoarenes, aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates, and sulfur dioxide under mild conditions is developed, giving rise to sulfonamides in moderate to good yields. This transformation proceeds efficiently at room temperature in the presence of cyclohexa-1,4-diene with a broad reaction scope. Good functional group compatibility is observed, including cyano, halo, and ester. A plausible mechanism involving a radical process with the insertion of sulfur dioxide is proposed, and cyclohexa-1,4-diene serves as the reductant during the transformation.
- Wang, Xuefeng,Lin, Yanmei,Liu, Jin-Biao,He, Fu-Sheng,Kuang, Yunyan,Wu, Jie
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supporting information
p. 1098 - 1102
(2020/07/06)
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- Copper iodide nanoparticles-decorated porous polysulfonamide gel: As effective catalyst for decarboxylative synthesis of N-Arylsulfonamides
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A porous cross-linked poly (ethyleneamine)-polysulfonamide (PEA-PSA) as a novel organic support system is synthesized in the presence of silica template by nanocasting technique. The paper demonstrates immobilization of CuI nanoparticles inside the pores (PEA-PSA?CuI) for the facile recovery and recycling of these nanoparticles. The presence of porous PEA-PSA and PEA-PSA?CuI nanocomposites was confirmed using FT-IR spectroscopy, FE-SEM, EDX, TGA, XRD, TEM, BET, XPS, WDX, 1H NMR, and ICP-OES techniques. The PEA-PSA?CuI along with Ag(I)/K2S2O8 was implemented as a reusable cooperative catalyst-oxidant system in the N-arylation of p-toluenesulfonamide with substituted carboxylic acids in mild condition. So, the novel decarboxylative cross-coupling catalyzed by copper and silver has been developed. Aromatic, secondary and tertiary aliphatic acids underwent high efficient decarboxylative processes with p-toluenesulfonamide to afford the corresponding products. This method provides a practical approach for the flexible synthesis of sulfonamides from the readily affordable substrates. The catalyst is highly reusable and efficient, especially in terms of time and yield of the desired product.
- Alavinia, Sedigheh,Ghorbani-Vaghei, Ramin,Rakhtshah, Jamshid,Yousefi Seyf, Jaber,Ali Arabian, Iman
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- Unified Approach to the Chemoselective α-Functionalization of Amides with Heteroatom Nucleophiles
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Functionalization at the α-position of carbonyl compounds has classically relied on enolate chemistry. As a result, the generation of a new C-X bond, where X is more electronegative than carbon requires an oxidation event. Herein we show that, by rendering the α-position of amides electrophilic through a mild and chemoselective umpolung transformation, a broad range of widely available oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and halogen nucleophiles can be used to generate α-functionalized amides. More than 60 examples are presented to establish the generality of this process, and calculations of the mechanistic aspects underline a fragmentation pathway that accounts for the broadness of this methodology.
- Gon?alves, Carlos R.,Lemmerer, Miran,Teskey, Christopher J.,Adler, Pauline,Kaiser, Daniel,Maryasin, Boris,González, Leticia,Maulide, Nuno
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supporting information
p. 18437 - 18443
(2019/11/21)
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- Copper-catalysed hydroamination of N-allenylsulfonamides: The key role of ancillary coordinating groups
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A copper-catalysed hydroamination reaction of N-allenylsulfonamides with amines has been developed through a rational approach based on mechanistic studies. The reaction is promoted by a simple copper(I) catalyst and proceeds at room temperature with complete regioselectivity and excellent stereoselectivity towards linear (E)-N-(3-aminoprop-1-enyl)sulfonamides. Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies allow interpreting the key role of unsaturated substituents on nitrogen as ancillary coordinating moieties for the copper catalyst.
- Blieck, Rémi,Perego, Luca Alessandro,Ciofini, Ilaria,Grimaud, Laurence,Taillefer, Marc,Monnier, Florian
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supporting information
p. 1225 - 1234
(2019/02/26)
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- Aryltrifluoromethylative cyclization of unactivated alkenes by the use of PhICF3Cl under catalyst-free conditions
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A concise and catalyst-free aryltrifluoromethylative cyclization of unactivated alkenes has been developed herein. The use of PhICF3Cl as a powerful trifluoromethylating agent allows easy transformations. A set of trifluoroethylated carbocycles and aza-hereocycles were efficiently synthesized in good yield and selectivity. A broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and easy operation would make this method well-suited for applications.
- Guo, Jia,Xu, Cong,Liu, Xiaowei,Wang, Mang
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supporting information
p. 2162 - 2168
(2019/02/27)
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- Characteristic Hydrogen Bonding Observed in the Crystals of Aromatic Sulfonamides: 1D Chain Assembly of Molecules and Chiral Discrimination on Crystallization
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N-Phenylbenzenesulfonamides exist preferentially in (+)- or (-)-synclinal conformations, which place the aromatic rings at both ends in the same direction with a twist. We have systematically analyzed the crystal structure of secondary aromatic sulfonamides bearing methyl, ethyl, and/or methoxy groups on the benzene rings. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the sulfonamide protons and sulfonyl oxygens was observed in 81 out of 85 crystals. The intermolecular hydrogen-bonding patterns could be classified into four types, i.e. Dimeric, Zigzag, Helical, and Straight patterns, with retention of the synclinal conformation of the sulfonamide moiety. We investigated the relationship between the hydrogen-bonding pattern and the proportion of the compounds that show chiral crystallization. On the basis of our classification of the intermolecular hydrogen bonds of aromatic sulfonamides, the crystals with Dimeric and Zigzag patterns, which both have enantiomeric synclinal conformers, intrinsically become achiral, except for kryptoracemates. In contrast, a high proportion of compounds with Helical or Straight patterns in the crystals showed chiral crystallization. Our classification is useful for discussion regarding the chirality of molecular assemblies, on the basis of the conformational chirality of the molecules in the crystal.
- Kikkawa, Shoko,Masu, Hyuma,Katagiri, Kosuke,Okayasu, Misaki,Yamaguchi, Kentaro,Danjo, Hiroshi,Kawahata, Masatoshi,Tominaga, Masahide,Sei, Yoshihisa,Hikawa, Hidemasa,Azumaya, Isao
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p. 2936 - 2946
(2019/05/10)
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- Efficient synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and DFT based studies of novel 1-amide 4-sulfonamide-1,2,3-triazole derivatives
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In the present study, for the first time 1-amide 4-sulfonamide-1,2,3-triazole scaffolds were synthesized by using an azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition reaction. The target products were obtained in moderate to good yields (45–75%) by using catalytic CuI and green system H2O/EtOH. The easy availability of the inexpensive starting materials, avoiding isolation and handling of hazardous organic azides and mild reaction conditions make this method a valuable tool for generating functionalized 1,2,3-triazole derivatives. The unambiguous characterization of synthesized compounds was accomplished by using various spectroscopic techniques such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FT-IR. The information regarding optimized geometry, were obtained by applying DFT/B3LYP-6-31G(d) method. The electrophilicity index, 1H and 13C chemical shift values, lithium and sodium ion affinities of the desired product 3b have been also calculated by the mentioned method. As a whole, the calculated results were found in close agreement to that of experimental data. The studies revealed that the compound 3b possesses good Li+ and Na+ affinity and cation π interaction plays a vital role in the complexation of 3b. For the first time, nucleus–independent chemical shift index was used to confirm the cation π interaction of 3b.
- Bonyad, Sarvenaz Rouhi,Mirjafary, Zohreh,Saeidian, Hamid,Rouhani, Morteza
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p. 164 - 170
(2019/07/18)
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- Highly chemo- and regioselective C-P cross-coupling reaction of quinone imine ketals with Ar2P(O)H to construct: Ortho -amino triarylphosphine derivatives
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A highly chemo- and regioselective approach for the construction of ortho-amino triarylphosphine oxides has been achieved through a C-P cross-coupling reaction involving quinone imine ketals (QIKs) with Ar2P(O)H and catalyzed via a Lewis base. This alternative protocol provided a wide substrate scope with excellent yields (82-95%), and a variety of ortho-amino triarylphosphines were obtained with high yields (87-95%) via further reductive reaction. Furthermore, this reaction could be scaled-up and several synthetic transformations were accomplished for the construction of functionalized organophosphorus.
- Liu, Teng,Li, Yongqin,Cheng, Feixiang,Shen, Xianfu,Liu, Jianjun,Lin, Jun
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supporting information
p. 3536 - 3541
(2019/07/10)
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- Copper-catalyzed redox coupling of nitroarenes with sodium sulfinates
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A simple copper-catalyzed redox coupling of sodium sulfinates and nitroarenes is described. In this process, abundant and stable nitroarenes serve as both the nitrogen sources and oxidants, and sodium sulfinates act as both reactants and reductants. A variety of aromatic sulfonamides were obtained in moderate to good yields with broad substrate scope. No external additive is employed for this kind of transformation.
- Liu, Saiwen,Chen, Ru,Zhang, Jin
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- Facile Chan-Lam coupling using ferrocene tethered N-heterocyclic carbene-copper complex anchored on graphene
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Ferrocene tethered N-heterocyclic carbene-copper complex anchored on graphene ([GrFemImi]NHC@Cu complex) has been synthesized by covalent grafting of ferrocenyl ionic liquid in the matrix of graphene followed by metallation with copper (I) iodide. The [GrFemImi]NHC@Cu complex has been characterized by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman), CP-MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis. This novel complex served as a robust heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of bioactive N-aryl sulfonamides from variety of aryl boronic acids and sulfonyl azides in ethanol by Chan-Lam coupling. Recyclability experiments were executed successfully for six consecutive runs.
- Gajare, Shivanand,Jagadale, Megha,Naikwade, Altafhusen,Bansode, Prakash,Rashinkar, Gajanan
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- Site-Selective C?H Oxygenation via Aryl Sulfonium Salts
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Herein, we report a two-step process forming arene C?O bonds in excellent site-selectivity at a late-stage. The C?O bond formation is achieved by selective introduction of a thianthrenium group, which is then converted into C?O bonds using photoredox chemistry. Electron-rich, -poor and -neutral arenes as well as complex drug-like small molecules are successfully transformed into both phenols and various ethers. The sequence differs conceptually from all previous arene oxygenation reactions in that oxygen functionality can be incorporated into complex small molecules at a late stage site-selectively, which has not been shown via aryl halides.
- Sang, Ruocheng,Korkis, Stamatis E.,Su, Wanqi,Ye, Fei,Engl, Pascal S.,Berger, Florian,Ritter, Tobias
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p. 16161 - 16166
(2019/11/03)
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- Triple Mode of Alkylation with Ethyl Bromodifluoroacetate: N, or O-Difluoromethylation, N-Ethylation and S-(ethoxycarbonyl)difluoromethylation
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In this report, we have explored a triple mode of chemical reactivity of ethyl bromodifluoroacetate. Typically, bromodifluoroacetic acid has been used as a difluorocarbene precursor for difluoromethylation of soft nucleophiles. Here we have disclosed nucleophilicity and base dependent divergent chemical reactivity of ethyl bromodifluoroacetate. It furnishes lithium hydroxide and cesium carbonate promoted difluoromethylation of tosyl-protected aniline and electron-deficient phenols respectively. Interestingly, switching the base from lithium hydroxide to 4-N,N-dimethylamino pyridine (DMAP) tosyl-protected anilines afforded the corresponding N-ethylation product. Whereas, highly nucleophilic thiophenols furnished the corresponding S-carboethoxydifluoromethylation product via a rapid SN2 attack to the bromine atom prior to the ester hydrolysis. This mechanistic divergence was established through several control experiments. It was revealed that difluoromethylation reaction proceeds through a tandem in situ ester hydrolysis/decarboxylative-debrominative difluorocarbene formation and subsequent trapping by the soft nucleophile-NHTs or electron-deficient phenolic ?OH groups. In the presence of DMAP the hydrolysis of the ester is perturbed instead a nucleophilic attack at the ethyl moiety provides the N-ethylation product. Hence, besides the development of a practical base-promoted N-difluoromethylation of amines and electron-deficient phenols, divergent reactivity pattern of inexpensive and user-friendly ethyl bromodifluoroacetate has been explored. (Figure presented.).
- Polley, Arghya,Bairy, Gurupada,Das, Pritha,Jana, Ranjan
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supporting information
p. 4161 - 4167
(2018/09/21)
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- Three-Component Ring-Opening Reactions of Cyclic Ethers, α-Diazo Esters, and Weak Nucleophiles under Metal-Free Conditions
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A protocol for three-component reactions of cyclic ethers, α-diazo esters, and weak nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, and sulfur nucleophiles (pKa = 2.2-14.8) to afford a variety of structurally complex α-oxyalkylated esters is reported. These reactions involve intermolecular activation of the cyclic ether (present in excess) by the α-diazo ester to form an oxonium ylide under metal-free conditions, followed by ring opening by the nucleophile.
- Lu, Lin,Chen, Chuwei,Jiang, Huanfeng,Yin, Biaolin
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p. 14385 - 14395
(2018/11/27)
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- Halogen Bond Catalyzed Bromocarbocyclization
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A halogen bond catalyzed bromo-carbocyclization of N-cinnamyl sulfonamides and O-cinnamyl phenyl ethers has been developed. N-methyl 4-iodopyridinium triflate is used as the halogen-bonding organocatalyst and the reaction is highly chemoselective. This report represents the first proof-of-concept for halogen-bonding organocatalyst-promoted electrophilic halogenation. Mechanistic study suggests the autocatalytic nature of this reaction.
- Chan, Yuk-Cheung,Yeung, Ying-Yeung
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supporting information
p. 3483 - 3487
(2018/02/28)
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- A chemical synthesis asymmetric structure dihalodiarylsulfone method (by machine translation)
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A chemical synthesis asymmetric structure dihalodiarylsulfone method, to substituted aniline compound 1 as a starting raw material, first on the aniline Ts (toluene sulfonyl) protection or Boc (tert-butoxy carbonyl) protection of the compound 2 or 4. Under the room temperature condition, compound 2 or 4 is dissolved in methanol or ethanol or isopropanol, then under the protection of nitrogen [...] diacetic acid [PhI (OAc)2 ] Oxidation to obtain compound 3 or 5. In the three ethylene diamine (DABCO) as catalyst and polyethylene glycol (PEG - 400) as reaction solvent 40 o C conditions, compound 5 with compound 6 in 1, 4 - conjugate addition reaction/sulfonylimines acylation reaction asymmetric structure dihalodiarylsulfone 7. The raw material is cheap and easy to obtain, reaction selectivity, and reaction solvent polyethylene glycol (PEG - 400) can be recycled 4 - 5 times less environmental pollution, high yield and easy application and the like. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0021
(2018/11/27)
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- Copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of chloramine salts and arylboronic acids in water: A green and practical route to N-arylsulfonamides
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A green and practical method for the synthesis of N-arylsulfonamides from chloramine salts and arylboronic acids is herein developed. The reaction proceeds readily in the presence of 5 mol% of CuI and 2.5 equiv. K2CO3 in water at room temperature, generating a variety of N-arylsulfonamides in moderate to good yields with good functional group tolerance.
- Ouyang, Banlai,Zheng, Yanxia,Liu, Yi,Liu, Fei,Yao, Juying,Peng, Yiyuan
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p. 3694 - 3698
(2018/09/14)
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- Synthesis of N -Arylsulfonamides by a Copper-Catalyzed Reaction of Chloramine-T and Arylboronic Acids at Room Temperature
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A copper-catalyzed Chan-Lam-coupling-like reaction of a (het)arylboronic acid and chloramine-T (or a related compound) has been developed for the synthesis of N -arylsulfonamides at room temperature in moderate to good yields, with good tolerance of functional groups. In this process, it is believed that chloramine-T serves as an electrophile.
- Ouyang, Banlai,Liu, Deming,Xia, Kejian,Zheng, Yanxia,Mei, Hongxin,Qiu, Guanyinsheng
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supporting information
p. 111 - 115
(2017/12/27)
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- Fe-based metal-organic frameworks for the synthesis of N-arylsulfonamides via the reactions of sodium arylsulfinates or arylsulfonyl chlorides with nitroarenes in water
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A newly developed chemoselective reaction of sodium arylsulfinates or arylsulfonyl chlorides with nitroarenes has been disclosed. The chemistry, in which non-toxic water and recyclable iron-based metal-organic frameworks are employed as the solvent and catalyst, respectively, provides an efficient approach for the generation of N-arylsulfonamides, which are widely present in biologically active compounds and drugs, rendering this methodology attractive to both synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
- Li, Xinxin,Chen, Fei,Lu, Guo-Ping
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supporting information
p. 4226 - 4230
(2018/10/26)
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- Preparation method of sulfonamide compounds
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The invention provides a synthetic method of sulfonamide compounds. 1,2-dibromoethane is taken as an oxidizing agent, iodide is taken as an iodine source, sulfinate and amine compounds in the mole ratio being 2:1 are subjected to oxidative coupling in an organic solvent at 50-90 DEG C for 1-12 h, and finally, the sulfonamide compounds are obtained through purification. By adopting 1,2-dibromoethane as the oxidizing agent and iodide as the iodine source, catalytic activity, selectivity and efficiency are high; reaction conditions are mild, cost is low, yield is high, and large-scale productionis facilitated.
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Paragraph 0020
(2018/09/13)
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- NaI-Catalyzed Oxidative Amination of Aromatic Sodium Sulfinates: Synergetic Effect of Ethylene Dibromide and Air as Oxidants
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A novel NaI-catalyzed oxidative amination of sodium sulfinates, employing both ethylene dibromide (EDB) and air as the oxidants, is described. EDB was first demonstrated to be a promising mild organic oxidant that in air, converted NaI into molecular iodine to promote the cross-coupling reactions of aromatic sodium sulfinates with amines to produce arylsulfonamides. Mechanistic studies indicated that a radical pathway might be involved in the reaction process.
- Fu, Ying,Li, Quan-Zhou,Xu, Qin-Shan,Hügel, Helmut,Li, Ming-Peng,Du, Zhengyin
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supporting information
p. 6966 - 6970
(2018/11/23)
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- (3 + 2)-Annulation of p-Quinamine and Aryne: A Strategy to Construct the Multisubstituted Hydrocarbazoles
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A strategy for the synthesis of multisubstituted hydrocarbazoles has been developed through (3 + 2)-annulation of p-quinamines and arynes. In this way, new analogs of hydrocarbazoles with quaternary carbon center can be synthesized in satisfactory yield under mild conditions. Furthermore, this (3 + 2)-annulation can be easily scaled-up, and the products can be modified through simple transformation.
- Xu, Dengyu,Zhao, Yulong,Song, Dengpeng,Zhong, Zhuliang,Feng, Shangbiao,Xie, Xingang,Wang, Xiaolei,She, Xuegong
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supporting information
p. 3600 - 3603
(2017/07/15)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of 3-Arylindoles from N-Ts-Anilines and Styrenes
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A Pd-catalyzed intermolecular oxidative annulation between N-Ts-anilines and styrenes was developed. This method offers a straightforward and robust approach to a wide range of 3-arylindoles using readily available starting materials with good functional-group tolerance and high regioselectivity and efficiency. Further elaboration of the products obtained from this process provided access to highly functionalized and structurally diverse indoles, for example, 3-(indol-3-yl)carbazoles, 1,9-dihydropyrrolo-[2,3-b]carbazoles, and 3′-aryl-3,5′-biindoles.
- Youn, So Won,Ko, Tae Yun,Jang, Young Ho
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supporting information
p. 6636 - 6640
(2017/05/29)
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- Phosphine-catalyzed intramolecular Rauhut-Currier reaction: Enantioselective synthesis of hydro-2: H -indole derivatives
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A highly enantioselective intramolecular Rauhut-Currier reaction catalyzed by a multifunctional chiral aminophosphine catalyst was reported. A series of hydro-2H-indole derivatives that bear an all-carbon quaternary center were obtained in high yields (up to 94%), and excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to >20:1 dr and >99% ee). And this reaction could be performed on a gram scale using 2 mol% catalyst loading.
- Jin, Hongxing,Zhang, Qinglong,Li, Erqing,Jia, Penghao,Li, Ning,Huang, You
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supporting information
p. 7097 - 7101
(2017/09/07)
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- Metal-free C-H sulfonamidation of pyrroles by visible light photoredox catalysis
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We report a one-step procedure for the preparation of N-(2-pyrrole)-sulfonamides from sulfonamides and pyrroles. The reaction uses visible light, an acridinium dye as photocatalyst and oxygen as the terminal oxidant for the oxidative C-N bond formation; structures of several reaction products were confirmed by X-ray structure analysis. The reaction is selective for pyrroles, due to the available oxidation power of the photocatalyst and the required stability of the carbocation intermediate under the reaction conditions.
- Meyer, Andreas Uwe,Berger, Anna Lucia,K?nig, Burkhard
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supporting information
p. 10918 - 10921
(2016/09/09)
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- Palladium nanoparticles as reusable catalyst for the synthesis of N-aryl sulfonamides under mild reaction conditions
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An efficient palladium nanoparticles-catalyzed N-arylation of sulfonamides and sulfonyl azides is described. This procedure serves as an active protocol for intermolecular C-N bond formation using Pd(OAc)2 in PEG-400 under air. Aryl bromides and triflates react at 35°C, while aryl chlorides require heating to 50°C and give the desired products only in low yields. This reaction proceeds smoothly in acceptable yields using low catalyst loading.
- Khalaj, Mehdi,Ghazanfarpour-Darjani, Majid,Talei Bavil Olyai, Mohamad Reza,Shamami, Sakineh Faraji
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p. 211 - 221
(2016/03/30)
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- DBN hexafluorophosphate salts as convenient sulfonylating and phosphonylating agents
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Air-stable N-sulfonyl and N-phosphonyl DBN hexafluorophosphate salts have been synthesised under mild conditions as sulfonylating and phosphonylating agents. These salts are highly efficient in the sulfonylation and phosphonylation of a range of N- and O-nucleophiles to generate sulfonamides, sulfonate esters, phosphoramidates and phosphonate esters in good yields.
- Jones, Caroline S.,Bull, Steven D.,Williams, Jonathan M. J.
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p. 8452 - 8456
(2016/09/28)
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- NH4I-Catalyzed Synthesis of Sulfonamides from Arylsufonylhydrazides and Amines
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A novel and efficient approach to sulfonamides has been developed. Using TBHP as the oxidant and NH4I (20 mol%) as the catalyst, arylsulfonyl hydrazides reacted with amines to provide sulfonamides in moderate to good yields. Possible reaction pathway for the formation of the products was also discussed in this paper. Sulfonimides were synthesized through the oxidation coupling of arylsufonylhydrazides and amines by TBHP/NH4I system in moderate to good yields.
- Yu, Hui,Zhang, Yonghao
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supporting information
p. 359 - 362
(2016/04/26)
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- A highly efficient heterogeneous copper-catalyzed Chan-Lam coupling reaction of sulfonyl azides with arylboronic acids leading to: N -arylsulfonamides
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A heterogeneous Chan-Lam coupling reaction between sulfonyl azides and arylboronic acids was achieved in MeOH at room temperature in the presence of 10 mol% of an l-proline-functionalized MCM-41-immobilized copper(i) complex [MCM-41-l-proline-CuCl] under air, yielding a variety of N-arylsulfonamides in excellent yields. The new heterogeneous copper complex can be prepared from commercially readily available and inexpensive reagents, and recovered by simple filtration of the reaction solution and recycled at least 8 times without any decreases in activity.
- You, Chongren,Yao, Fang,Yan, Tao,Cai, Mingzhong
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p. 43605 - 43612
(2016/05/24)
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- A quick Chan-Lam C-N and C-S cross coupling at room temperature in the presence of square pyramidal [Cu(DMAP)4I]I as a catalyst
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A rapid and efficient protocol for C-N and C-S cross coupling has been developed using a new square pyramidal copper complex, [Cu(DMAP)4I]I. The complex was successfully synthesized via a disproportionation reaction of CuI and DMAP in DMSO. The catalytic activity of the complex was found to be excellent for Chan-Lam coupling reaction between aryl boronic acid and amine, amide, azide or thiol. The reaction could be carried out in the presence of only 2 mol% of the copper catalyst in methanol at room temperature within a short time.
- Roy, Subhasish,Sarma, Manas Jyoti,Kashyap, Bishwapran,Phukan, Prodeep
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supporting information
p. 1170 - 1173
(2016/01/15)
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- Methylprenyl and prenyl protection for sulfonamides
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2-Methylprenyl (MePre) is an efficient protection for sulfonamides. The acidic cleavage of this group leads to volatile by-products and the product can be obtained in high purity without additional purification. MePre group is resistant to Pd/C-catalysed hydrogenolysis at 1 atm, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction, Ni(0) catalysis conditions and oxidising reagents such as NIS and DDQ. The prenyl (Pre) group can also be used to protect sulfonamides in certain cases; however, the substrate scope is limited due to the side product formation.
- Nikitjuka, Anna,Nekrasova, Aleksandra,Jirgensons, Aigars
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supporting information
p. 183 - 186
(2015/03/04)
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- Tosyl oxygen transfer and ion-neutral complex mediated electron transfer in the gas-phase fragmentation of the protonated N-phenyl p-toluenesulfonamides
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In this work, an interesting oxygen transfer reaction in the gas phase dissociation of N-phenyl p-toluenesulfonamides has been explored by combination of the ESI-MS techniques and theoretical calculations. The protonated molecules underwent dissociation reactions, upon collisional activation, to give the [tosyl cation/aniline] ion-neutral complex (INC), in which the coupling reactions subsequently occurred to afford an ionic species of toluenesulfinate. The subsequent reactions of the toluenesulfinate species resulted in generation of the protonated 6-iminocyclohexa- 2,4-dienone or the 2-aminophenol radical cation, via cleavage of the SO bond. The above processes involved the tosyl oxygen transfer, and calculation results indicated that both the ortho- and the para- positions at the aniline ring are favorite for the tosyl oxygen transfer, and formation of radical cation involved an INC mediated electron transfer. The isomeric N-methylphenyl p-toluenesulfonamides behaved significant difference in the CID-MS spectra, indicating that the three isomers can be distinguished by ESI-MS.
- Wang, Shanshan,Guo, Cheng,Zhang, Ningwen,Wu, Yanqing,Zhang, Huarong,Jiang, Kezhi
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- Tosyl oxygen transfer and ion-neutral complex mediated electron transfer in the gas-phase fragmentation of the protonated N-phenyl p-toluenesulfonamides
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In this work, an interesting oxygen transfer reaction in the gas phase dissociation of N-phenyl p-toluenesulfonamides has been explored by combination of the ESI-MS techniques and theoretical calculations. The protonated molecules underwent dissociation reactions, upon collisional activation, to give the [tosyl cation/aniline] ion-neutral complex (INC), in which the coupling reactions subsequently occurred to afford an ionic species of toluenesulfinate. The subsequent reactions of the toluenesulfinate species resulted in generation of the protonated 6-iminocyclohexa- 2,4-dienone or the 2-aminophenol radical cation, via cleavage of the SO bond. The above processes involved the tosyl oxygen transfer, and calculation results indicated that both the ortho- and the para- positions at the aniline ring are favorite for the tosyl oxygen transfer, and formation of radical cation involved an INC mediated electron transfer. The isomeric N-methylphenyl p-toluenesulfonamides behaved significant difference in the CID-MS spectra, indicating that the three isomers can be distinguished by ESI-MS.
- Wang, Shanshan,Guo, Cheng,Zhang, Ningwen,Wu, Yanqing,Zhang, Huarong,Jiang, Kezhi
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- Phenol and aniline oxidative coupling with alkenes by using hypervalent iodine dimer for the rapid access to dihydrobenzofurans and indolines
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A highly reactive hypervalent iodine dimer, [Ph(CF3COO)I]-O- [I(OCOCF3)Ph], is utilized as successful promoter in the oxidative phenolic coupling with styrenes leading to 2-aryldihydrobenzofurans. The extensions of the substrates in this study have led to the development of a new expeditious construction of the pyrroloindoline structure from aniline and enamide derivatives.
- Dohi, Toshifumi,Toyoda, Yosuke,Nakae, Tomofumi,Koseki, Daichi,Kubo, Hiroko,Kamitanaka, Tohru,Kita, Yasuyuki
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p. 631 - 644
(2015/03/04)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Allylic Amination of Homoallylic Alcohols with Amines via Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage
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An efficient approach for palladium(II) acetate catalyzed allylic amination of homoallylic alcohols with various amines via sequential retro-allylation and amination was developed, which afforded the corresponding allylic amines in up to 98% yield.
- Sun, Gui-Jun,Wang, Yong,Kang, Qiang
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supporting information
p. 2931 - 2936
(2015/09/28)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel gigantol derivatives as potential agents in prevention of diabetic cataract
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As a continuation of our efforts directed towards the development of natural anti-diabetic cataract agents, gigantol was isolated from Herba dendrobii and was found to inhibit both aldose reductase (AR) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, which play a significant role in the development and progression of diabetic cataracts. To improve its bioefficacy and facilitate use as a therapeutic agent, gigantol (compound 14f) and a series of novel analogs were designed and synthesized. Analogs were formulated to have different substituents on the phenyl ring (compounds 4, 5, 8, 14a-e), substitute the phenyl ring with a larger steric hindrance ring (compounds 10, 17c) or modify the carbon chain (compounds 17a, 17b, 21, 23, 25). All of the analogs were tested for their effect on AR and iNOS activities and on D-galactose-induced apoptosis in cultured human lens epithelial cells. Compounds 5, 10, 14a, 14b, 14d, 14e, 14f, 17b, 17c, 23, and 25 inhibited AR activity, with IC50 values ranging from 5.02 to 288.8 μM. Compounds 5, 10, 14b, and 14f inhibited iNOS activity with IC50 ranging from 432.6 to 1188.7 μM. Compounds 5, 8, 10, 14b, 14f, and 17c protected the cells from D-galactose induced apoptosis with viability ranging from 55.2 to 76.26%. Of gigantol and its analogs, compound 10 showed the greatest bioefficacy and is warranted to be developed as a therapeutic agent for diabetic cataracts.
- Wu, Jie,Lu, Chuanjun,Li, Xue,Fang, Hua,Wan, Wencheng,Yang, Qiaohong,Sun, Xiaosheng,Wang, Meiling,Hu, Xiaohong,Chen, C.-Y. Oliver,Wei, Xiaoyong
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- Iron-catalyzed N -arylsulfonamide formation through directly using nitroarenes as nitrogen sources
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One-step, catalytic synthesis of N-arylsulfonamides via the construction of N-S bonds from the direct coupling of sodium arylsulfinates with nitroarenes was realized in the presence of FeCl2 and NaHSO3 under mild conditions. In this process, stable and readily available nitroarenes were used as nitrogen sources, and NaHSO3 acted as a reductant to provide N-arylsulfonamides in good to excellent yields. A broad range of functional groups were very well-tolerated in this reaction system. In addition, mechanistic studies indicated that the N-S bond might be generated through direct coupling of nitroarene with sodium arylsulfinate prior to the reduction of nitroarenes by NaHSO3. Accordingly, a reaction mechanism involving N-aryl-N-arenesulfonylhydroxylamine as an intermediate was proposed.
- Zhang, Weixi,Xie, Junyao,Rao, Bin,Luo, Meiming
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p. 3504 - 3511
(2015/04/14)
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