- Stereoselective synthesis of D - And L -carbocyclic nucleosides by enzymatically catalyzed kinetic resolution
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An efficient synthesis of (S)- or (R)-3-(benzyloxy-methyl)-cyclopent-3-enol was developed by appling an enzyme-catalyzed kinetic-resolution approach. This procedure allowed the syntheses of the enantiomeric building blocks (S)- and (R)-cyclopentenol with high optical purity (>98a % ee). In contrast to previous approaches, the key advantage of this procedure is that the resolution is done on the level of enantiomers that only contain one stereogenic center. Owing to this feature, it was possible to chemically convert the enantiomers into each other. By using this route, the starting materials for the syntheses of carbocyclic D- and L-nucleoside analogues were readily accessible. 3a',4a'-Unsaturated D- or L-carbocyclic nucleosides were obtained from the condensation of various nucleobases with (S)- or (R)-cyclopentenol. Functionalization of the double bond in 3a'-deoxy-3a',4a'-didehydro-carba-D- thymidine led to a variety of new nucleoside analogues. By using the cycloSal approach, their corresponding phosphorylated metabolites were readily accessable. Moreover, a new synthetic route to carbocyclic 2a'-deoxy-nucleosides was developed, thereby leading to D- and L-carba-dT. D-Carba-dT was tested for antiviral activity against multidrug-resistance HIV-1 strain E2-2 and compared to the known antiviral agent d4T, as well as L-carba-dT. Whilst L-carba-dT was found to be inactive, its D-analogue showed remarkably high activity against the resistant virus and significantly better than that of d4T. However, against the wild-type virus strain NL4/3, d4T was found to be more-active than D-carba-dT. Fighting chance: Various carbocyclic D- and L-nucleosides were synthesized from cyclopentadiene by enzyme-catalyzed kinetic resolution with high optical purity. In contrast to its L-analogue, D-carba-dT was antivirally active against multidrug-resistant HI-viruses. Copyright
- Mahler, Miriam,Reichardt, Bastian,Hartjen, Philip,Van Lunzen, Jan,Meier, Chris
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p. 11046 - 11062
(2012/10/07)
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- Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of carbocyclic 3′-azidothymidine (AZT) analogues and their cycloSal-phosphate triesters
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Carbocyclic analogues of the anti-HIV dideoxynucleoside 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine AZT (1) were synthesized. Starting from the enantiomerically pure carbocyclic 2′-deoxythymidine 2, four different carbocyclic AZT analogues 2,4-6 were prepared. Moreover, t
- Ludek, Olaf R.,Balzarini, Jan,Meier, Chris
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p. 932 - 940
(2007/10/03)
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- STEREOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF (-)-CARBOCYCLIC 2',3'-DIDEOXYTHYMIDINE, A POTENTIAL ANTI-AIDS AGENT
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The stereospecific synthesis of the title compound (-)-13 is described from the unsaturated bicyclic lactone (+)-1 via a versatile synthetic precursor (12) of carba-2',3'-dideoxynucleosides.The key step of the procedure is the regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of (+)-1.
- Beres, J.,Sagi, Gy.,Toemoeskoezi, I.,Gruber, L.,Gulacsi, E.,Oetvoes, L.
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p. 2681 - 2684
(2007/10/02)
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- Carbocyclic Analogs of Thymine Nucleosides and Related 1-Substituted Thymines
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The carbocyclic analogs of thymidine (IXf), 1-β-ribofuranosylthymine (IXg), and 1-β-3'-deoxyribofuranosylthymine (IXe) were synthesized by incorporating modifications into the Shaw method of synthesizing 2,4-(1H,3H)pyrimidinediones via acryloylureas.Simpler analogs of thymine nucleosides were also prepared by this method.The carbocyclic analog of thymidine displayed modest activity against Leukemia L1210 in vivo.It differs from a compound prepared previously by a Prins reaction.
- Shealy, Y.Fulmer,O'Dell, C.Allen,Thorpe, Martha C.
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p. 383 - 389
(2007/10/02)
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