- Highly selective conversion of guaiacol to: Tert -butylphenols in supercritical ethanol over a H2WO4 catalyst
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The conversion of guaiacol is examined at 300 °C in supercritical ethanol over a H2WO4 catalyst. Guaiacol is consumed completely, meanwhile, 16.7% aromatic ethers and 80.0% alkylphenols are obtained. Interestingly, tert-butylphenols are produced mainly with a high selectivity of 71.8%, and the overall selectivity of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol is as high as 63.7%. The experimental results indicate that catechol and 2-ethoxyphenol are the intermediates. Meanwhile, the WO3 sites play an important role in the conversion of guaiacol and the Br?nsted acid sites on H2WO4 enhance the conversion and favour a high selectivity of the tert-butylphenols. The recycling tests show that the carbon deposition on the catalyst surface, the dehydration and partial reduction of the catalyst itself are responsible for the decay of the H2WO4 catalyst. Finally, the possible reaction pathways proposed involve the transetherification process and the alkylation process during guaiacol conversion.
- Mai, Fuhang,Cui, Kai,Wen, Zhe,Wu, Kai,Yan, Fei,Chen, Mengmeng,Chen, Hong,Li, Yongdan
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p. 2764 - 2771
(2019/02/01)
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- Method for preparing hydrocarbyl phenol by catalytic conversion of phenolic compound in presence of molybdenum-based catalyst
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The invention discloses a method for preparing hydrocarbyl phenol by catalytic conversion of a phenolic compound in the presence of a molybdenum-based catalyst. The method comprises mixing a phenoliccompound, a molybdenum-based catalyst and a reaction solvent, adding the mixture into a sealed reactor, feeding gas into the reactor, heating the mixture to 150-350 DEG C, carrying out stirring for areaction for 0.5-2h, then filtering to remove a solid catalyst and carrying out rotary evaporateion to obtain a liquid product. The phenolic compound has a wide source, a cost is low, product alkyl phenol selectivity is high, an added value is high, alcohol or an alcohol-water mixture is used as a reaction solvent, environmental friendliness is realized, pollution is avoided, any inorganic acids and alkalis are avoided in the reaction process, the common environmental pollution problems in the biomass processing technology are solved, the reaction conditions are mild, the process can be carried out at a low temperature, high-efficiency conversion of the reactants can be realized without consuming hydrogen gas and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial trial production.
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Paragraph 0042-0043; 0070
(2018/04/02)
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- SOLID ALKYLARYL PHOSPHITE COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME
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The invention is directed to various alkylaryl phosphite compositions that ideally are suitable for use as secondary antioxidants in polymers. In one aspect, the phosphite composition comprises a tris(monoalkylaryl)phosphite in an amount from 51 to 95 weight percent; and at least one of: a bis(monoalkylaryl)dialkylaryl phosphite; a bis(dialkylaryl)monoalkylaryl phosphite; and a tris(dialkylaryl) phosphite. The inventive phosphite composition is a solid at ambient conditions. The invention also relates to alkylate compositions and processes for forming such alkylate compositions and such phosphite compositions.
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Page/Page column 36
(2011/02/24)
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- LIQUID ALKYLATED TRISARYL PHOSPHITE COMPOSITIONS HAVING TWO ALKYL GROUPS WITH DIFFERENT CARBON NUMBER
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A composition comprising at least two different alkylaryl phosphites, wherein some alkyl groups have a different number of carbon atoms than other alkyl groups and wherein the composition is a liquid at ambient conditions.
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Page/Page column 42
(2011/02/24)
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- Modified procedure for preparing δ-[2,4-di(tert-amyl)phenoxy]butylamine
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A modified procedure is proposed for preparing δ-[2,4-di(tert-amyl)phenoxy]butylamine used in production of a blue protected component for color photographic materials.
- Yutilov,Svertilova,Minkina,Shcherbina,Kirillova
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p. 2106 - 2108
(2007/10/03)
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- Catalysts for alkoxylation reactions
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Catalysts producing a sharply peaked alkoxylation distribution during the alkoxylation of organic materials comprise mixtures of BF3 and metal alkyls or metal alkoxides, SiF4 and metal alkyls or metal alkoxides, or mixtures of these catalysts.
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- Methods of alkoxylation
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Catalysts comprising mixtures of HF and metal alkoxides and mixed metal alkoxides produce a sharply peaked alkoxylation distribution during the alkoxylation of organic materials.
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- Catalysts for alkoxylation reactions
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Catalysts and a method of using said catalysts for the alkoxylation of a variety of materials is disclosed. Catalysts so described produce alkoxylates having a very sharp alkoxylate distribution. The catalysts are supported and unsupported dialkoxy and dialkyl metal fluorides and halides and alkyl metal difluorides and dihalides.
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- Process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles
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A process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles comprises reducing and cyclizing the corresponding o-nitroazobenzenes with hydrogen at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C. and at a pressure in the range of about 15 psia (1 atmosphere) to about 1000 psia (66 atmospheres) in an alkaline medium at a pH over 10 in the presence of a nickel catalyst, preferably molybdenum-promoted Raney nickel. High yields of pure product are obtained directly with a concomitant reduction of undesired by-product and a reduction in effluent pollution problems.
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- Process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles
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A process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles comprises reducing and cyclizing the corresponding o-nitroazobenzenes with hydrogen at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C. and at a pressure in the range of about 15 psia (1 atmosphere) to about 1000 psia (66 atmospheres) in an organic solvent mixture containing an organic amine at a pH over 10 in the presence of noble metal hydrogenation catalyst, preferably palladium. High yields of pure product are obtained with a concomitant reduction of undesired by-products and a reduction in effluent pollution problems.
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- Process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles
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A process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles comprises reducing and cyclizing the corresponding o-nitroazobenzenes with carbon monoxide at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 150° C. and at a pressure in the range of about 15 psia (1 atmosphere) to about 1000 psia (66 atmospheres) in an alkaline medium at a pH over 10 in the presence of a copper-amine complex catalyst. High yields of pure product are obtained with a concomitant reduction of undesired by-products and a reduction in effluent pollution problems.
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- Process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles
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An improved process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles by the reduction of o-nitroazobenzene intermediates with zinc in alkaline medium comprises employing a ratio of moles of alkali to moles of o-nitroazobenzene intermediate in the range of 0.2-1.7/1 in the presence of less than 150 ppm of iron based on zinc used. The improved process results in higher yields of high purity products with a concomitant reduction in the amount of undesired cleavage amine by-products and a reduction in effluent pollution problems. The process is carried out in a polar/non-polar solvent mixture.
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