- Non-innocent Radical Ion Intermediates in Photoredox Catalysis: Parallel Reduction Modes Enable Coupling of Diverse Aryl Chlorides
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We describe a photocatalytic system that elicits potent photoreductant activity from conventional photocatalysts by leveraging radical anion intermediates generated in situ. The combination of an isophthalonitrile photocatalyst and sodium formate promotes diverse aryl radical coupling reactions from abundant but difficult to reduce aryl chloride substrates. Mechanistic studies reveal two parallel pathways for substrate reduction both enabled by a key terminal reductant byproduct, carbon dioxide radical anion.
- Chernowsky, Colleen P.,Chmiel, Alyah F.,Wickens, Zachary K.,Williams, Oliver P.,Yeung, Charles S.
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supporting information
p. 10882 - 10889
(2021/07/31)
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- MACROMOLECULE-SUPPORTED AMINOBENZAZEPINE COMPOUNDS
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The application provides macromolecule-supported compounds of Formula I or III comprising a macromolecular support linked by conjugation to one or more aminobenzazepine derivatives. The application also provides aminobenzazepine derivative intermediate compositions of Formula II comprising a reactive functional group. Such intermediate compositions are suitable substrates for formation of the macromolecule-supported compounds through a linker or linking moiety. The application further provides compositions comprising the macromolecule-supported compounds, as well as methods of treating cancer with the macromolecule-supported compounds.
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Paragraph 0311-0312
(2020/12/30)
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- Deacetylative Amination of Acetyl Arenes and Alkanes with C-C Bond Cleavage
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The Br?nsted acid-catalyzed synthesis of primary amines from acetyl arenes and alkanes with C-C bond cleavage is described. Although the conversion from an acetyl group to amine has traditionally required multiple steps, the method described herein, which uses an oxime reagent as an amino group source, achieves the transformation directly via domino transoximation/Beckmann rearrangement/Pinner reaction. The method was also applied to the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acids, such as baclophen and rolipram.
- Hyodo, Kengo,Hasegawa, Genna,Maki, Hiroya,Uchida, Kingo
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p. 2818 - 2822
(2019/04/25)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed C(sp2)-H Olefination of Free Primary and Secondary 2-Phenylethylamines: Access to Tetrahydroisoquinolines
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A rapid construction of THIQs by a Pd(II)-catalyzed C(sp2)-H olefination of free primary and secondary 2-phenylethylamines with high step- and atom-economy was reported. Notably, no substituent was required at the α-position to the amino group of the 2-phenylethylamines. The substrate scope was broad, and the reaction could also be applied to generate THIQs from the biologically active molecules such as the drug molecule baclofen and phenylalanine ester.
- Fan, Shuai,Ding, Yongzheng,Chen, Xiaoxi,Gao, Yuzhen,Fu, Lei,Li, Shangda,Li, Gang
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p. 13003 - 13012
(2019/10/11)
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- Catalytic Strategy for Regioselective Arylethylamine Synthesis
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A mild, modular, and practical catalytic system for the synthesis of the highly privileged phenethylamine pharmacophore is reported. Using a unique combination of organic catalysts to promote the transfer of electrons and hydrogen atoms, this system performs direct hydroarylation of vinyl amine derivatives with a wide range of aryl halides (including aryl chlorides). This general and highly chemoselective protocol delivers a broad range of arylethylamine products with complete regiocontrol. The utility of this process is highlighted by its scalability and the modular synthesis of an array of bioactive small molecules.
- Boyington, Allyson J.,Seath, Ciaran P.,Zearfoss, Avery M.,Xu, Zihao,Jui, Nathan T.
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supporting information
p. 4147 - 4153
(2019/03/07)
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- Directed lithiation of N′-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N, N-dimethylurea and tert-butyl [2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamate
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N′-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N,N-dimethylurea and tert-butyl [2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamate are doubly lithiated on the nitrogen and ortho to the directing metalating group at -20 to 0 °C with three mole equivalents of n-BuLi in anhydrous THF. Reactions of the dilithium reagents produced in situ with various electrophiles give high yields of the corresponding substituted products. In the case of the urea, side-products due to lithiation and substitution on one of the methyl groups of the urea unit are obtained in low yields (0-17%). Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.
- Smith, Keith,El-Hiti, Gamal A.,Alshammari, Mohammed B.
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p. 394 - 402
(2014/02/14)
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- Nanocrystalline titania-based sulfonic acid (TiO2-Pr-SO 3H) as a new, highly efficient and recyclable solid acid catalyst for the N-Boc protection of amines at room temperature
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Sulfonic acid-functionalized nanoporous titania (TiO2-Pr-SO 3H) was prepared from the reaction of (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane and TiO2, then by oxidation of thiols group with hydrogen peroxide. The morphology and acidity of synthesized catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TEM, TGA and XRD techniques and Hammett acidity test. The catalytic performance of TiO2-Pr-SO3H was investigated in the N-tert-butoxycarbonylation of amines under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. Our novel method is mild, chemoselective and has the advantages such as heterogeneous catalysis, low cost and the recyclability of the catalyst.
- Atghia,Sarvi Beigbaghlou
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- INHIBITION OF BACTERIAL BIOFILMS WITH ARYL CARBAMATES
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Disclosure is provided for carbamate compounds that prevent, remove and/or inhibit the formation of biofilms, compositions including these compounds, devices including these compounds, and methods of using the same.
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Page/Page column 33
(2012/02/01)
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- THERAPEUTIC AGENT FOR CEREBRAL INFARCTION
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The invention provides a therapeutic drug for ischemic stroke. The therapeutic drug has the formula (I) wherein each symbol is as defined herein, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, as an active ingredient.
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- Guanidine hydrochloride as an organocatalyst for N-Boc protection of amino groups
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A simple and efficient method for the chemoselective N-Boc protection of the amine moiety in a variety of compounds is described using di-tert-butyl dicarbonate and guanidine hydrochloride as an organocatalyst in ethanol at 35-40°C. Selective mono-N-Boc protection of diamines and chemoselective protection of hydroxylamines without formation of any side products is achieved. Amino acids and peptides are N-Boc protected efficiently in excellent yields under convenient reaction conditions.
- Jahani, Fatemeh,Tajbakhsh, Mahmood,Golchoubian, Hamid,Khaksar, Samad
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1260 - 1264
(2011/04/15)
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- The use of immobilized crown ethers as in-situ N-protecting groups in organic synthesis and their application under continuous flow
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In addition to their high affinity for inorganic cations, crown ethers have been shown to efficiently sequester ammonium ions, forming a stable adduct via hydrogen bonding. Using this principle, several authors have reported the use of crown ethers as protecting groups for amines however to date, their widespread use has been somewhat precluded by the difficulties associated with removal of the crown ether from the resulting reaction mixture. In order to address this problem, we report the preparation of an immobilized 18-crown-6 ether derivative and its incorporation into a flow reactor, demonstrating the ability to use and recycle the reagent for the chemoselective O-acylation and alkylation of bifunctional compounds such as 4-(2-aminoethyl)phenol and 4-nitrophenol.
- Wild, Gareth. P.,Wiles, Charlotte,Watts, Paul,Haswell, Stephen J.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1618 - 1629
(2009/05/26)
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- (1-Nosyl-5-nitroindol-3-yl)methyl ester: A novel protective group for carboxylic acids
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(Chemical Equation Presented) The usefulness of (1-nosyl-5-nitroindol-3-yl) methyl esters as a novel protective group for carboxylic acid is fully demonstrated. The novel protective group is stable under a broad range of conditions and can easily be deprotected under the mild conditions used for removal of the nosyl (Ns) group. It is orthogonal to the existing protective groups for carboxylic acids such as t-butyl and allyl esters.
- Nishimura, Takuya,Yamada, Kouhei,Takebe, Tohru,Yokoshima, Satoshi,Fukuyama, Tohru
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2601 - 2604
(2009/05/26)
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