- General and selective synthesis of primary amines using Ni-based homogeneous catalysts
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The development of base metal catalysts for industrially relevant amination and hydrogenation reactions by applying abundant and atom economical reagents continues to be important for the cost-effective and sustainable synthesis of amines which represent highly essential chemicals. In particular, the synthesis of primary amines is of central importance because these compounds serve as key precursors and central intermediates to produce value-added fine and bulk chemicals as well as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials. Here we report a Ni-triphos complex as the first Ni-based homogeneous catalyst for both reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with ammonia and hydrogenation of nitroarenes to prepare all kinds of primary amines. Remarkably, this Ni-complex enabled the synthesis of functionalized and structurally diverse benzylic, heterocyclic and aliphatic linear and branched primary amines as well as aromatic primary amines starting from inexpensive and easily accessible carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) and nitroarenes using ammonia and molecular hydrogen. This Ni-catalyzed reductive amination methodology has been applied for the amination of more complex pharmaceuticals and steroid derivatives. Detailed DFT computations have been performed for the Ni-triphos based reductive amination reaction, and they revealed that the overall reaction has an inner-sphere mechanism with H2metathesis as the rate-determining step.
- Beller, Matthias,Chandrashekhar, Vishwas G.,Jagadeesh, Rajenahally V.,Jiao, Haijun,Murugesan, Kathiravan,Wei, Zhihong
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p. 4332 - 4339
(2020/05/18)
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- 3-PYRIMIDIN-4-YL-OXAZOLIDIN-2-ONES AS INHIBITORS OF MUTANT IDH
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The invention is directed to a formula (I), or a pharmamceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2a, R2b and R3-R7 are herein. The invention is also directed to compositions containing a compound of formula (I) and to the use of such compounds in the inhibition of mutant IDH proteins having a neomorphic activity. The invention is further directed to the use of a compound of formula (I) in the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with such mutant IDH proteins including, but not limited to, cell-proliferation disorders, such as cancer.
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- Chemoselective reductive alkylation of ammonia with carbonyl compounds: Synthesis of primary and symmetrical secondary amines
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An efficient, general procedure for highly chemoselective reductive mono-alkylation of ammonia with ketones is reported. Treatment of ketones with ammonia in ethanol and titanium(IV) isopropoxide, followed by in situ sodium borohydride reduction, and a straightforward workup afforded primary amines in good to excellent yields. Reductive alkylation of ammonia with aldehydes, on the other hand, afforded the corresponding symmetrical secondary amines selectively.
- Miriyala, Bruhaspathy,Bhattacharyya, Sukanta,Williamson, John S.
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p. 1463 - 1471
(2007/10/03)
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- Design and SAR of novel potassium channel openers targeted for urge urinary incontinence. 1. N-cyanoguanidine bioisosteres possessing in vive bladder selectivity
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A structurally novel series of adenosine 5'-triphosphate-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel openers is described. As part of our efforts directed toward identifying novel, bladder-selective potassium channel openers (KCOs) targeted for urge urinary incontinence (UUI), we found that bioisosteric replacement of the N-cyanoguanidine moiety of pinacidil (1, Figure 1) with a diaminocyclobutenedione template afforded squaric acid analogue 2, the prototype of a novel series of K(ATP) channel openers with unique selectivity for bladder smooth muscle in vive. Further modification of the heterocyclic ring to give substituted aryl derivatives (3) afforded potent KCOs that possessed the desired detrusor selectivity when administered orally. The effects of these potassium channel agonists on bladder contractile function was studied in vitro using isolated rat detrusor strips. Potent relaxants were evaluated in vive in a rat model of bladder instability. Lead compounds were evaluated concomitantly in normotensive rats for their effects on mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate as a measure of in vive bladder selectivity. (R)-4-[3,4-Dioxo-2-(1,2,2-trimethyl- propylamino)-cyclobut-1-enyαmino]-3-ethyl-benzonitrile (79) met our potency and selectivity criteria and represents an attractive development candidate for the treatment of UUI. Electrophysiological studies using isolated rat bladder detrusor myocytes have demonstrated that compound 79 produces significant hyperpolarization which is glyburide-reversed, thus consistent with the activation of K(ATP). The design, synthesis, structure-activity relationships (SAR), and pharmacological activity associated with this series of novel KCOs will be discussed.
- Butera, John A.,Antane, Madelene M.,Antane, Schuyler A.,Argentieri, Thomas M.,Freeden, Chris,Graceffa, Russell F.,Hirth, Bradford H.,Jenkins, Douglas,Lennox, Joseph R.,Matelan, Edward,Norton, N. Wesley,Quagliato, Dominick,Sheldon, Jeffrey H.,Spinelli, Walter,Warga, Dawn,Wojdan, Alexandra,Woods, Morgan
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p. 1187 - 1202
(2007/10/03)
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