- Straightforward enantioselective access to γ-butyrolactones bearing an all-carbon β-quaternary stereocenter
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An enantioselective one-pot aldol/lactonization sequence has been developed to access highly challenging γ-butyrolactones bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter at the β-position by reacting acylated succinic esters with aqueous formaldehyde in the presence of 3 mol % loading of a cinchona alkaloid-derived squaramide providing direct access to paraconic acid derivatives in high yield and fairly good level of enantioselectivity (up to 88% ee).
- Meninno, Sara,Fuoco, Tiziana,Tedesco, Consiglia,Lattanzi, Alessandra
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p. 4746 - 4749
(2015/04/27)
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- Enantioselective construction of tetrasubstituted stereogenic carbons through bronsted base catalyzed michael reactions: α′-hydroxy enones as key enoate equivalent
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Catalytic and asymmetric Michael reactions constitute very powerful tools for the construction of new C-C bonds in synthesis, but most of the reports claiming high selectivity are limited to some specific combinations of nucleophile/electrophile compound types, and only few successful methods deal with the generation of all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. A contribution to solve this gap is presented here based on chiral bifunctional Bronsted base (BB) catalysis and the use of α′-oxy enones as enabling Michael acceptors with ambivalent H-bond acceptor/donor character, a yet unreported design element for bidentate enoate equivalents. It is found that the Michael addition of a range of enolizable carbonyl compounds that have previously demonstrated challenging (i.e., α-substituted 2-oxindoles, cyanoesters, oxazolones, thiazolones, and azlactones) to α′-oxy enones can afford the corresponding tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters in high diastereo- and enantioselectivity in the presence of standard BB catalysts. Experiments show that the α′-oxy ketone moiety plays a key role in the above realizations, as parallel reactions under identical conditions but using the parent α,β-unsaturated ketones or esters instead proceed sluggish and/or with poor stereoselectivity. A series of trivial chemical manipulations of the ketol moiety in adducts can produce the corresponding carboxy, aldehyde, and ketone compounds under very mild conditions, giving access to a variety of enantioenriched densely functionalized building blocks containing a fully substituted carbon stereocenter. A computational investigation to rationalize the mode of substrate activation and the reaction stereochemistry is also provided, and the proposed models are compared with related systems in the literature.
- Badiola, Eider,Fiser, Bla,Gmez-Bengoa, Enrique,Mielgo, Antonia,Olaizola, Iurre,Urruzuno, Iaki,Garca, Jess M.,Odriozola, Jos M.,Razkin, Jess,Oiarbide, Mikel,Palomo, Claudio
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supporting information
p. 17869 - 17881
(2015/02/19)
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- Highly enantioselective michael addition of nitroalkanes to chalcones using chiral squaramides as hydrogen bonding organocatalysts
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A series of squaramide-based organocatalysts were facilely synthesized and applied as hydrogen bonding organocatalysts in the enantioselective Michael addition of nitroalkanes to chalcones. These organocatalysts promoted the Michael addition with low cata
- Yang, Wen,Du, Da-Ming
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5450 - 5453
(2011/02/22)
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