- Tin(IV) chloride-sodium nitrite as a new nitrosating agent for N-nitrosation of amines, amides and ureas under mild and heterogeneous conditions
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We have developed a new method of N-nitrosation of various secondary and tertiary amines, amides and ureas using a mixture of tin(IV) chloride and sodium nitrate. This method leads to a selective, high-yielding and mild heterogeneous N-nitrosation by in situ generation of nitrosyl chloride (NOCl). The reaction can be carried out in several different solvents such as chloroform, dichloromethane, ethers, ethyl acetate and alcohols, at room temperature. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Celaries, Benoit,Parkanyi, Cyril
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- Rapid On-Demand Synthesis of Lomustine under Continuous Flow Conditions
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Lomustine, an important agent for treatment of brain tumors and Hodgkin's lymphoma, has been synthesized using continuous flow methodology. Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) was used to quickly explore a large number of reaction conditions for one of the reaction steps and guide the efficient translation of optimized conditions to continuous lomustine production. Using only four inexpensive commercially available starting materials and a total residence time of 9 min, lomustine was prepared via a linear sequence of two chemical reactions performed separately in two telescoped flow reactors. Sequential offline extraction and filtration resulted in a 63% overall yield of pure lomustine at a production rate of 110 mg/h. The primary advantages of this approach are the rapid manufacture of lomustine with two telescoped steps to avoid isolation and purification of a labile intermediate and the mild conditions used in the nitrosylation step, thereby significantly increasing the purity and yield of this active pharmaceutical ingredient.
- Jaman, Zinia,Sobreira, Tiago J. P.,Mufti, Ahmed,Ferreira, Christina R.,Cooks, R. Graham,Thompson, David H.
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- On-Demand Rapid Synthesis of Lomustine Under Continuous Flow Conditions
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Disclosed herein is a continuous manufacturing process for lomustine that has a short residence time and 63 percent yield. Major advantages of this process are that the total production cost for lomustine is lower, the product is higher quality, and the manufacturing operation is safer for production personnel.
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Paragraph 0053; 0090-0093
(2020/05/02)
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- Concatamers for Immunemodulation
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The invention relates to a polymeric, non-coding nucleic acid molecule for modulation of the activity of the human and animal immune system as well as a method for the manufacture thereof and a vaccine, comprising the polymeric, non-coding nucleic acid molecule, wherein polymeric, non-coding nucleic acid molecules may be understood as non-coding nucleic acid molecules, comprising at least four covalently bound molecules (tetramer) or are assemblies of more non-coding nucleic acid molecules (high molecular polymers) which are covalently bound to each other.
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- THERAPEUTIC FOR HEPATIC CANCER
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A novel pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing hepatocellular carcinoma and a method of treatment are provided. A pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing liver cancer is obtained by combining a chemotherapeutic agent with an anti-glypican 3 antibody. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing liver cancer which comprises as an active ingredient an anti-glypican 3 antibody for use in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent, or which comprises as an active ingredient a chemotherapeutic agent for use in combination with an anti-glypican 3 antibody. Using the chemotherapeutic agent and the anti-glypican 3 antibody in combination yields better therapeutic effects than using the chemotherapeutic agent alone, and mitigates side effects that arise from liver cancer treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent.
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- Anti-Claudin 3 Monoclonal Antibody and Treatment and Diagnosis of Cancer Using the Same
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Monoclonal antibodies that bind specifically to Claudin 3 expressed on cell surface are provided. The antibodies of the present invention are useful for diagnosis of cancers that have enhanced expression of Claudin 3, such as ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, stomach cancer, bladder cancer, and colon cancer. The present invention provides monoclonal antibodies showing cytotoxic effects against cells of these cancers. Methods for inducing cell injury in Claudin 3-expressing cells and methods for suppressing proliferation of Claudin 3-expressing cells by contacting Claudin 3-expressing cells with a Claudin 3-binding antibody are disclosed. The present application also discloses methods for diagnosis or treatment of cancers.
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- Methods and compositions for treating primary and secondary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS)
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Methods and compositions for the treatment and/or prophylaxis and/or suppression of primary and/or secondary tumors of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord, eyes) in mammalian subjects are disclosed, wherein an effective dose of a methylol transfer agent such as Taurolidine and/or Taurultam and/or a bioequivalent is administered to a mammalian subject suffering from, or at risk of growth of, tumors of the central nervous system. Furthermore, methods for local application of Taurolidine and/or Taurultam and/or a bioequivalent in solution are disclosed using microdialysis methods, irrigation methods, implantation methods and angiographic methods.
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- Method of treating nausea and vomiting with certain substituted-phenylalkylamino (and aminoacid) derivatives and other serotonin depleting agents
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A method for the treatment of emesis in a mammal, which method comprises administering to said mammal an emesis inhibiting amount of a compound which depletes serotonin in the brain of mammals; among which are compounds having the formula: STR1 wherein, R is selected from hydrogen, loweralkyl, trifluoromethyl, carboxyl, or loweralkoxycarbonyl; R1 and R2 are hydrogen or loweralkyl; Z is trifluoromethyl or halogen; the optical isomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; two of the preferred compounds of the invention are fenfluramine and norfenfluramine.
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- 1,2,2,2-Tetrachloroethyl Carbamates: Versatile Intermediates for the Synthesis of N-Nitrosoureas
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1,2,2,2-Tetrachloroethyl carbamates 3 were prepared by the reaction of 1,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl carbonochloridate with amines.Carbamates 3 were then nitrosated and reacted with amines to yield N-nitrosoureas.
- Barcelo, Gerard,Senet, Jean-Pierre,Sennyey, Gerard
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p. 1027 - 1029
(2007/10/02)
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- Convenient Methods for Syntheses of Active Carbamates, Ureas and Nitrosoureas Using N,N'-disuccinimido Carbonate (DSC)
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The reaction of DSC and amino compounds afforded the corresponding carbamates which were able to be converted into ureas and nitrosoureas.
- Takeda, Kazuyoshi,Akagi, Yoshie,Saiki, Atsuko,Tsukahara, Toshiko,Ogura, Haruo
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p. 4569 - 4572
(2007/10/02)
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- Activated N-Nitrosocarbamates for Regioselective Synthesis of N-Nitrosoureas
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A practical and convenient method for synthesizing antitumor compounds, N-alkyl-N-nitrosoureas, regioselectively nitrosated on the nitrogen atom bearing the alkyl group is proposed.N-Alkyl-N-nitrosocarbamates are interesting intermediates in these syntheses and yield, by reaction with amino compounds, the regioselectively nitrosated N-alkyl-N-nitrosoureas.As an interesting example, N,N'-biscystamine, a new attractive oncostatic derivative, has been prepared.The cytotoxic activity of these various compounds were tested on L1210 leukemia.
- Martinez, Jean,Oiry, Joel,Imbach, Jean Louis,Winternitz, Francois
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p. 178 - 182
(2007/10/02)
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