- Synthesis and evaluation of xanomeline analogs-Probing the wash-resistant phenomenon at the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
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A series of xanomeline analogs were synthesized and evaluated for binding at the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1 receptor). Specifically, compounds that substitute the O-hexyl chain of xanomeline with polar, ionizable, or conformationally restricted moieties were assessed for their ability to bind to the M1 receptor in a wash-resistant manner (persistent binding). From our screen, several novel ligands that persistently bind to the M1 receptor with greater affinity than xanomeline were discovered. Results indicate that persistent binding may arise not only from hydrophobic interactions but also from ionic interactions with a secondary M1 receptor binding site. Herein, a qualitative model that accounts for both binding scenarios is proposed and applied to understand the structural basis to wash-resistant binding and long-acting effects of xanomeline-based compounds.
- Kane, Brian E.,Grant, Marianne K.O.,El-Fakahany, Esam E.,Ferguson, David M.
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p. 1376 - 1392
(2008/09/18)
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- Synthesis and potential muscarinic receptor binding and antioxidant properties of 3-(thiadiazolyl)pyridine 1-oxide compounds
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The synthesis of two different series of 3-(thiadiazolyl)pyridine 1- oxides containing 1,2,5- and 1,2,4-thiadiazole moiety respectively is described. The potential muscarinic receptor binding together with the antioxidant properties of the new compounds were evaluated.
- Martinez, Ana,Alonso, Diana,Castro, Ana,Aran, Vicente J.,Cardelus, Ignasi,Banos, Josep E.,Badia, Albert
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p. 191 - 194
(2007/10/03)
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- METHOD OF TREATING SCHIZOPHRENIA
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The present invention relates to a novel method for treating a mammal suffering from or susceptible to schizophrenia and schizophreniform diseases by administering thiadiazole or oxadiazole compounds.
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- Identification of side chains on 1,2,5-thiadiazole-azacycles optimal for muscarinic m1 receptor activation
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Series of analogs to the functional m1 selective agonist, xanomeline (hexyloxy-TZTP), were evaluated for their in vitro ml efficacy in cell lines transfected with the human m1 receptor. Systematic variation of the side chain and the azacyclic ring led to the discovery of potent muscarinic agonists with robust m1 efficacy, all having the phenylpropargyloxy/thio as the side chain. The most selective compound was the phenylpropargylthio- [3.2.1] endo analog 28, which is a potent and efficacious m1 agonist with no m2 activity.
- Sauerberg, Per,Jeppesen, Lone,Olesen, Preben H.,Sheardown, Malcolm J.,Fink-Jensen, Anders,Rasmussen, Thoger,Rimvall, Karin,Shannon, Harlan E.,Bymaster, Frank P.,DeLapp, Neil W.,Calligaro, Dave O.,Ward, John S.,Whitesitt, Celia A.,Thomsen, Christian
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p. 2897 - 2902
(2007/10/03)
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- METHOD OF TREATING GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY DISORDERS
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The present invention relates to a novel method for treating a mammal suffering from gastrointestinal motility disorders.
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- Method of treating urinary bladder dysfunctions with 3-tetrahydropyridine derivatives
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The present invention relates to a novel method for treating a mammal suffering from urinary bladder dysfunctions.
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- Novel functional M1 selective muscarinic agonists. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 3-(1,2,5-thiadiazolyl)-1,2,5,6- tetrahydro-1-methylpyridines
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A series of novel 3-(3-substituted-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-1,2,5,6- tetrahydro-1-methylpyridines (substituted-TZTP; 5a-1, 7a-h, 8, 9c-n, 11, 13j) were synthesized and tested for central muscarinic cholinergic receptor affinity by using [3H]-oxotremorine-M (Oxo-M) and [3H]-pirenzepine (Pz) as ligands. The potency and efficacy of the compounds for the pharmacological defined M1 and M2 muscarinic receptors were determined on isolated electrically stimulated rabbit vas deferens and on spontaneously beating isolated guinea pig atria, respectively. Selected compounds were also tested for M3 activity in the isolated guinea pig ileum. The C1-8 alkoxy-TZTP 5a-1 analogues all displaced [3H]-Oxo-M and [3H]-Pz with low nanomolar affinity. Depicting chain length against Oxo-M binding and against Pz binding the unbranched C1-8 alkoxy-TZTP (5a-h) derivatives produced U-shaped curves with butoxy- (5d) and (pentyloxy)-TZTP (5e) as the optimum chain length, respectively. This U-shaped curve was also seen in the ability of the compounds 5a-h to inhibit the twitch height in the vas deferens preparation. The (pentyloxy)- (5e) and the (hexyloxy)-TZTP (5f) analogues produced an over 90% inhibition of the twitch height with IC50 values in the low picomolar range. In both the atria and in the ileum preparations 5f had low efficacy and potency. With the (alkylthio)-TZTP (7a-h) analogues the structure- activity relationship was similar to the one observed with the alkoxy (5a-h) analogues, but generally 7a-h had higher receptor affinity and was more potent than the corresponding 5a-h. However, the C3-8 alkyl-TZTP (9c,e,g,h) analogues had 10-100 times lower affinity for the central muscarinic receptors than the corresponding alkoxy and alkylthio derivatives, and their efficacy in the vas deferens preparation was too low to obtain IC50 values. The unsubstituted TZTP (11) compound was a potent but nonselective muscarinic agonist. The two 3-(3-butoxy/(hexyloxy)-1,2,5- oxadiazol-4-yl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methylpyridines (butoxy/(hexyloxy)-OZTP; 19a/b) were also synthesized and tested. Both 19a and 19b had much lower affinity for the central muscarinic receptors than 5d and 5f, and the efficacy of 19a,b was too low to give IC50 values in the vas deferens preparation. Therefore, the C5-6 (alkyloxy)/(alkylthio)-TZTP's represent a unique series of potent functional M1 selective muscarinic agonists.
- Sauerberg,Olesen,Nielsen,Treppendahl,Sheardown,Honore,Mitch,Ward,Pike,Bymaster,Sawyer,Shannon
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p. 2274 - 2283
(2007/10/02)
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- Piperidine compounds and their preparation and use
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The present invention relates to therapeutically active piperidine compounds, a method of preparing the same and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds. The novel compounds are useful as stimulants of the cognitive function of the forebra
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