- Method for recovering mother liquor of gemcitabine intermediate
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The invention provides a method for recovering mother liquor of a gemcitabine intermediate, and relates to the technical field of purification. The method for recovering the mother liquor of the gemcitabine intermediate provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: performing acidolysis of crystallization mother liquor containing a compound 5 and a compound 10 so as to obtain a mixture of a compound 3 and a compound 9; mixing the mixture of the compound 3 and the compound 9 with aniline, and performing dehydration reaction to obtain a mixture of Schiff base 12 and the compound 9; performing separation of the mixture of the Schiff base 12 and the compound 9 to obtain high-purity Schiff base 12; performing hydrolysis of the high-purity Schiff base 12 to obtain the compound 3; and mixing the compound 3 with methylsulfonyl chloride, and performing acylation reaction so as to obtain the high-purity compound 5. The method provided by the invention can remove the compound 10 in the crystallization mother liquor to obtain the high-purity compound 5, so that the yield and the purity of hydrochloride, namely gemcitabine hydrochloride, are improved.
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Paragraph 0059-0060; 0069
(2021/06/22)
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- Purification method of gemcitabine intermediate
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The invention provides a purification method of a gemcitabine intermediate, and belongs to the technical field of drug intermediate synthesis. According to the invention, a compound 2 in an existing method (shown in a formula 1 and a formula 2 in a background art) is reduced to obtain a mixture containing a compound 3 and a byproduct compound 9; the mixture reacts with aniline; dehydration condensation reaction of the compound 3 and aniline is achieved; Schiff base is generated; the Schiff base and the byproduct compound 9 are easy to separate; a high-purity compound 3 can be obtained by performing simple acidic hydrolysis and separation on the separated Schiff base; the high-purity compound 3 is subjected to sulfonylation reaction to synthesize a gemcitabine hydrochloride key intermediate compound 5, so that the yield and the purity of the compound 5 can be improved, and the preparation yield and the product quality of the raw material medicine gemcitabine hydrochloride are ensured.
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Paragraph 0079; 0083-0084
(2021/06/22)
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- High-selectivity synthesis method for gemcitabine intermediate
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The invention discloses a high-selectivity synthesis method for a gemcitabine intermediate. The high-selectivity synthesis method specifically comprises the following process: Step 1, synthesis of T1;Step2, synthesis of T2, to be specific, 550kg of hydrogen peroxide is dropwise added into the T1, and a reaction is controlled to produce the T2; Step3, synthesis of T3, to be specific, sodium acetate trihydrate or sodium carbonate is added into a reaction kettle, the PH value is adjusted with glacial acetic acid, a 10%-15% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution is dropwise added, and a reaction iscontrolled to produce the T3; Step 4, synthesis of T4; Step 5, synthesis of T5; Step 6, synthesis of T6; Step 7, synthesis of T7; Step 8, synthesis of T8; and Step9, T8 configuration transformation.The high-selectivity synthetic method for the gemcitabine intermediate can reduce the production cost, and meanwhile, can also increase the yield of the gemcitabine intermediate.
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- Preparation method of gemcitabine intermediate methylsulfonyl ester
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The invention relates to a preparation method of a gemcitabine intermediate methylsulfonyl ester, and belongs to the technical field of drug intermediate synthesis. In order to solve the problems of low conversion rate and large amount of waste liquid in the prior art, the preparation method of the gemcitabine intermediate methylsulfonyl ester is provided. The method comprises the step that in a mixed solvent of a water-insoluble organic solvent and catalytic amount isopropyl alcohol, a compound 2-deoxy-2,2-difluoro-D-erythro-1-furazolidone-3,5-dibenzoyl ester in formula I is subjected to a reduction reaction to be converted into a compound in formula II in the coexistence of aluminum isopropoxide and sodium tert-butoxide; cooling is carried out to control the temperature of a reaction liquid to be lower than 5 DEG C, methylsufonyl chloride is added to perform an esterification reaction, and the corresponding compound gemcitabine intermediate methylsulfonyl ester in formula III is obtained. The preparation method of the gemcitabine intermediate methylsulfonyl ester can effectively increase the reaction speed and conversion rate, reduces the generation of impurities, has higher yield and purity requirements, can achieve a one-pot reaction, and simplifies the production operation.
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Paragraph 0022; 0026-0027; 0028-0029; 0030-0031; 0032-0041
(2019/04/30)
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- Industrial preparation process for key intermediate sulfonated saccharide of Gemcitabine
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The invention relates to a preparation method for a compound represented by a formula (I) shown in the description, i.e., a key intermediate sulfonated saccharide of Gemcitabine. The final product is prepared through subjecting a compound represented by a formula (II) shown in the description to sodium borohydride reduction, hydroxyl protection and resolution. The method is simple in process, high in yield and high in product purity and has no need of harsh reaction conditions, thereby being very suitable for industrial production.
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Paragraph 0046; 0047; 0048; 0049; 0050; 0051; 0052-0057
(2017/08/28)
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- Azido nucleosides and nucleotide analogs
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Disclosed herein are 4′-azido-substituted nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more of 4′-azido-substituted nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a disease and/or a condition, including an infection from a paramyxovirus and/or an orthomyxovirus, with a 4′-azido-substituted nucleoside, a nucleotide and/or an analog thereof. Examples of viral infections include a respiratory syncytial viral (RSV) and influenza infection.
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- 2′-Deoxy-2′,2′-difluorothymidine analogues for radiolabeling with fluorine-18 and other biomedical applications
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Novel 2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluorothymidine analogues with potential applications as antiviral, cytotoxic and cancer imaging agents have been synthesized. Introduction of the hydroxymethyl functionality at the 5-position of 2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluoruridine provided a key intermediate with a suitable synthetic handle for the generation of these nucleoside derivatives.
- Doepner, Andreas M.,Aboagye, Eric O.,Barrett, Anthony G.M.
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supporting information
p. 3293 - 3297
(2015/03/04)
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- SUBSTITUTED NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES AND ANALOGS THEREOF
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Disclosed herein are nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more of nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a disease and/or a condition, including an infection from a paramyxovirus and/or an orthomyxovirus, with a nucleoside, a nucleotide and an analog thereof.
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2′-deoxy-2′, 2′-difluoro-5-halouridine phosphoramidate ProTides
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We report the synthesis of a series of novel 2′-deoxy-2′, 2′-difluoro-5-halouridines and their corresponding phosphoramidate ProTides. All compounds were evaluated for antiviral activity and for cellular toxicity. Interestingly, 2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluoro-5-iodo- and -5-bromo-uridines showed selective activity against feline herpes virus replication in cell culture due to a specific recognition (activation) by the virus-encoded thymidine kinase.
- Quintiliani, Maurizio,Persoons, Leentje,Solaroli, Nicola,Karlsson, Anna,Andrei, Graciela,Snoeck, Robert,Balzarini, Jan,McGuigan, Christopher
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p. 4338 - 4345
(2011/09/12)
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- Inactivation of lactobacillus leichmannii ribonucleotide reductase by 2',2'-difluoro2'-deoxycytidine s'-triphosphate: Covalent modification
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Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) from Lactobacillus leichmannii, a 76 kDa monomer using adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) as a cofactor, catalyzes the conversion of nucleoside triphosphates to deoxynucleotides and is rapidly ( 3H]- and [5-3H]F2CTP were synthesized and used independently to inactivate RNR. Sephadex G-50 chromatography of the inactivation mixture revealed that 0.47 equiv of a sugar was covalently bound to RNR and that 0.71 equiv of cytosine was released. Alternatively, analysis of the inactivated RNR by SDS-PAGE without boiling resulted in 33% of RNR migrating as a 110 kDa protein. Inactivation of RNR with a mixture of [1'-3H]F2CTP and [1'-2H]F 2CTP followed by reduction with NaBH4, alkylation with iodoacetamide, trypsin digestion, and HPLC separation of the resulting peptides allowed isolation and identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) of a 3H/2H-labeled peptide containing C731 and C736 from the C-terminus of RNR accounting for 10% of the labeled protein. The MS analysis also revealed that the two cysteines were cross-linked to a furanone species derived from the sugar of F2CTP. Incubation of [1-3H]F2CTP with C119S-RNR resulted in 0.3 equiv of sugar being covalently bound to the protein, and incubation with NaBH4 subsequent to inactivation resulted in trapping of 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine. These studies and the ones in the preceding paper (DOI: 10.1021/bi9021318) allow proposal of a mechanism of inactivation of RNR by F2CTP involving multiple reaction pathways. The proposed mechanisms share many common features with F2CDP inactivation of the class I RNRs.
- Lohman, Gregory J.S.,Stubbe, Joanne
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experimental part
p. 1404 - 1417
(2011/02/21)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF GEMCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE
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Disclosed is the preparation of 2-deoxy-D-erythro-2,2-difluoro-ribofuranose-3,5-dibenzoate: a known intermediate for the preparation of Gemcitabine, by means of a reduction process; further disclosed is the purification of Gemcitabine by chromatography and the purification of Gemcitabine hydrochloride by crystallization techniques from ternary solvent mixtures. The main advantage of the invention is providing Gemcitabine hydrochloride with purity in conformity with the Pharmacopoeia requirements, as well as a process particularly convenient from the industrial point of view.
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Page/Page column 3
(2010/05/13)
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- Process for the preparation of gemcitabine chlorohydrate
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Disclosed is the preparation of 2-deoxy-D-erythro-2,2-difluororibofuranose-3,5-dibenzoate: a known intermediate for the preparation of Gemcitabine, by means of a reduction process; further disclosed is the purification of Gemcitabine by chromatography and the purification of Gemcitabine hydrochloride by crystallization techniques from ternary solvent mixtures. The main advantage of the invention is providing Gemcitabine hydrochloride with purity in conformity with the Pharmacopoeia requirements, as well as a process particularly convenient from the industrial point of view.
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Page/Page column 7
(2010/05/13)
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- NOVEL MODULATORS OF CELL CYCLE CHECKPOINTS AND THEIR USE IN COMBINATION WITH CHECKPOINT KINASE INHIBITORS
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In its many embodiments, the present invention provides a novel class of pyrimidine analogs of formula (V) as targeted mechanism-based modulators of cell cycle checkpoints. Cancers and/or malignancies can be treated by administration of a cell cycle checkpoint modulator of the invention. Also discussed are suitable combinations of the cell cycle checkpoint modulator with a checkpoint kinase inhibitor to produce synergistic apoptosis in cancer cells. The invention includes methods of treating cancers by administering the combination of the cell cycle checkpoint modulator and the checkpoint kinase inhibitor, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the activator as well as the combination and pharmaceutical kits
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Page/Page column 102-103
(2009/06/27)
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- AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF GEMCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
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A process for isolating ?-anomer enriched Gemcitabine hydrochloride by converting Gemcitabine base into Gemcitabine hydrochloride followed by its purification using solvents from the series of water soluble ethers like 1,4-dioxane or Monoglyme.
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Page/Page column 5; 9
(2010/11/27)
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- DIFLUORONUCLEOSIDES AND PROCESS FOR PREPARATION THEREOF
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A stereoselective process for the preparation of a 2’,2’-difluronucleoside is provided. In the process, a protected 2’,2’-difluorofuranose is coupled with a base selected from the group consisting of pyrimidine and purine derivatives in the presence of a Lewis acid, wherein the protected 2’,2’-difluorofuranose has a 1-position leaving group and 3- and 5-position protecting groups, and, when the base comprises 1 or more oxygen atoms, the base is a protected base, wherein each oxygen atom is protected with a protecting group.
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Page/Page column 12-13
(2008/06/13)
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- AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HIGH PURE GEMCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE
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A process for the preparation of Gemcitabine hydrochloride of formula (I) of extra high purity by the reaction of (R) -2,3-0-isopropylidene glyceraldehyde of formula (II) with ethyl bromo difluoroacetate of formula (III) followed by hydrolytic cyclization of the product of formula (IV) converting the product into a dibenzoyl derivative of formula (V) of high purity reducing the product of formula (V) and converting the resultant lactol into a mesylate of formula (VI) followed by coupling the mesylate of formula (VI) with bis-silyl acetyl cytosine of formula (X) and subsequently deblocking and purifying.
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Page/Page column 18
(2010/02/14)
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- Stereospecific synthesis of 2-deoxy-2,2-difluororibonolactone and its use in the preparation of 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-β-D-ribofuranosyl pyrimidine nucleosides: The key role of selective crystallization
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A stereospecific synthesis of 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine (gemcitabine), a potential anticancer agent, is described. The stereoselectivity was accomplished via two diastereoselective crystallizations, i.e. the crystallization of the key intermediate, difluororibonolactone 2a, and the crystallization of the hydrochloride salt of gemcitabine 16b from the anomeric mixture. Because of the availability of 2a in large quantities, other 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoropyrimidine nucleosides such as 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorouridine (19) were synthesized for structure-activity relationship studies.
- Chou,Heath,Patterson,Poteet,Lakin,Hunt
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p. 565 - 570
(2007/10/02)
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