- Synthesis of meso -halogenated BODIPYs and access to meso -substituted analogues
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8-Halogenated boradiaza-s-indacenes can be efficiently prepared from dipyrrylketones. The new dyes react smoothly with nucleophiles to yield N-, O-, and S-substituted chromophores, as well as transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The nature of the new substitutent has a strong influence on the spectral properties of the dyes.
- Leen, Volker,Yuan, Peijia,Wang, Lina,Boens, Noel,Dehaen, Wim
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- Synthesis and transformations of 5-chloro-2,2′-dipyrrins and their boron complexes, 8-chloro-BODIPYs
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Symmetric dipyrrylketones 1a,b were synthesized in two steps from the corresponding α-free pyrroles, by reaction with thiophosgene followed by oxidative hydrolysis under basic conditions. The dipyrrylketones produced the corresponding 5-chloro-dipyrrinium salts or 5-ethoxy-dipyrrins on reaction with phosgene or Meerwein's salt, respectively. Boron complexation of the dipyrrins afforded the corresponding 8-functionalized BODIPYs (borondipyrromethenes) in high yields. The 5-chloro-dipyrrinium salts reacted with methoxide or ethoxide ions to produce monopyrrole esters, presumably via a 5,5-dialkoxy-dipyrromethane intermediate. In contrast, 8-chloro-BODIPYs underwent a variety of nucleophilic substitutions of the chloro group in the presence of alkoxide ions, Grignard reagents, and thiols. In the presence of excess alkoxide or Grignard reagent, at room temperature or above, substitution at the boron center also occurred. The 8-chloro-BODIPY was a particularly useful reagent for the preparation of 8-aryl-, 8-alkyl-, and 8-vinyl-substituted BODIPYs in very high yields, using Pd0-catalyzed Stille cross-coupling reactions. The X-ray structures of eleven BODIPYs and two pyrroles are presented, and the spectroscopic properties of the synthesized BODIPYs are discussed.
- Wang, Haijun,Vicente, M. Graca H.,Fronczek, Frank R.,Smith, Kevin M.
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p. 5064 - 5074
(2014/05/06)
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