- IBodies: Modular synthetic antibody mimetics based on hydrophilic polymers decorated with functional moieties
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Antibodies are indispensable tools for biomedicine and anticancer therapy. Nevertheless, their use is compromised by high production costs, limited stability, and difficulty of chemical modification. The design and preparation of synthetic polymer conjugates capable of replacing antibodies in biomedical applications such as ELISA, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and immunoprecipitation is reported. The conjugates, named "iBodies", consist of an HPMA copolymer decorated with low-molecular-weight compounds that function as targeting ligands, affinity anchors, and imaging probes. We prepared specific conjugates targeting several proteins with known ligands and used these iBodies for enzyme inhibition, protein isolation, immobilization, quantification, and live-cell imaging. Our data indicate that this highly modular and versatile polymer system can be used to produce inexpensive and stable antibody substitutes directed toward virtually any protein of interest with a known ligand.
- ?ácha, Pavel,Knedlík, Tomá?,Schimer, Ji?í,Tykvart, Jan,Parolek, Jan,Navrátil, Václav,Dvo?áková, Petra,Sedlák, Franti?ek,Ulbrich, Karel,Strohalm, Ji?í,Majer, Pavel,?ubr, Vladimír,Konvalinka, Jan
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- Ritonavir selenazole derivative with anti-HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)-I activity and synthesis method
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Certain Ritonavir selenazole analogues with good anti-HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)-I activity are obtained by replacing a thiazole ring in a Ritonavir molecule with a selenazole ring and carrying out structure modification on a thiazole ring substit
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- A method of preparing anti HIV drug ritonavir
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The invention discloses a method for preparing anti-HIV medicine ritonavir and belongs to the technical field of medicines. In conditions of proper temperature, taking weak base as acid-binding agent and certain organic solvent, N-[N(-methyl-N-[(2-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl) methyl] amino-carbonyl]-L-valine and thionyl chloride are reacted to produice N(-[N-methyl-N-[(2-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl) methyl] amino-carbonyl]-L-valine acyl chloride, which is not required to be purified and can be directly subjected to amide reaction with (2s, 3s, 5s)-5-amino-2-((i)N(/i)-((5-thiazolyl)-methoxycarbonyl group) amino)-1, 6-diphenyl-3-hydroxy hexane at a room temperature, so as to obtain ritonavir; the mole ratio of the N-[N-methyl-N-[(2-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl) methyl] amino-carbonyl]-L-valine to thionyl chloride is 1:1 to 1:8; the mole ratio of the N-[N-methyl-N-[(2-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl) methyl] amino-carbonyl]-L-valine acyl chloride to weak base is 1:1 to 1:15. The method has the advantages that the price of thionyl chloride is low, the material cost is reduced, the production pollution is low, the pollution can be changed into soluble effluent brine, the method is simple to operate, the product yield is high, and the method is easy for separation and purification, and is applicable to industrial production.
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Paragraph 0016; 0017; 0018; 0025
(2017/08/25)
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- METHOD OF DETECTION OF ANALYTE ACTIVE FORMS AND DETERMINATION OF THE ABILITY OF SUBSTANCES TO BIND INTO ANALYTE ACTIVE SITES
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The invention provides a method for detection of active form of analytes in a sample and/or for determination of ability of tested substances to bind to the active site of these analytes, comprising the following steps: a) analyte or group of analytes from the sample is immobilized on the surface of a solid carrier either by non-specific non-covalent adsorption or by covalent binding of surface functional groups of the analyte and corresponding functional groups of the solid carrier, or preferably via a binding molecule which is bound to the surface of the solid carrier before immobilization of the analyte or group of analytes and is capable of selectively binding the analyte or group of analytes contained in the sample during incubation of the solid carrier with the sample; b) analyte or group of analytes is incubated with a detection probe which binds selectively to the analyte or group of analytes via a compound for selective binding to the analyte active site; whereas the probe consists of a low molecular compound for selective binding to the analyte active site; an oligonucleotide tag, optionally with a covalently attached fluorophore, biotin or a chemical group, and a chemical linker covalently linking the compound for selective binding to the analyte active site and the oligonucleotide tag; c) then the solid carrier is washed to remove unbound detection probe; and subsequently, the amount of bound detection probe is determined, whereas this amount is directly proportional to the amount of the analyte or group of analytes in the sample. The described method has broad application in medicine. Given the exceptional sensitivity of only a few dozen molecules, it provides the ability to determine the protein markers in blood in a concentration yet undetectable.
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Page/Page column 67; 68
(2016/04/09)
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- MACROMOLECULAR CONJUGATES FOR VISUALIZATION AND SEPARATION OF PROTEINS AND CELLS
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The present invention describes macromolecular water-soluble conjugates based on synthetic copolymers to which at least one affinity tag, at least one imaging probe and at least one targeting ligand are bound via covalent bonds. The macromolecular conjugate may be used in identification, visualization, quantification or isolation of proteins and/or cells.
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Page/Page column 16; 17
(2016/08/10)
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- CYTOCHROME P450 OXIDASE INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention features compounds of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or prodrugs thereof, and methods of using the same to inhibit the metabolizing activities of CYP enzymes. The present invention also features methods of using these compounds, salts, solvates or prodrugs to improve the pharmacokinetics of drugs that are metabolized by CYP enzymes.
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Page/Page column 96
(2008/06/13)
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- A PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 2-AMINO-5-PROTECTED AMINO-3-HYDROXY-1, 6-DIPHENYLHEXANE OR A SALT THEREOF - AN INTERMEDIATE FOR ANTIVIRAL DRUGS
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The present invention relates to an improved process for preparing 2-amino-5-protected-amino-3-hydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexane compounds or acid addition salts thereof, which can be useful intermediates for preparing compounds with antiviral activity. The present invention further provides a process for preparing HIV protease inhibitors, lopinavir and ritonavir.
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Page/Page column 22-23
(2008/06/13)
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- ACID ADDITION SALT OF 2-ISOPROPYL-4-(((N-METHYL)AMINO)METHYL)THIAZOLE AND ITS?USE IN THE PREPARATION OF RITONAVIR
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The present invention relates to a novel acid addition salt of 2-Isopropyl-4-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)thiazole of Formula (I) which is a useful intermediate for preparing HIV protease inhibitors. The present invention further provides a process for preparing ritonavir, a HIV protease inhibitor, using the compound of Formula (I).
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Page/Page column 11
(2008/06/13)
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- RITONAVIR ANALOGOUS COMPOUND USEFUL AS RETROVIRAL PROTEASE INHIBITOR, PREPARATION OF THE RITONAVIR ANALOGOUS COMPOUND AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION FOR THE RITONAVIR ANALOGOUS COMPOUND.
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The present invention describes a new one ritonavir analogous compound that presents significantly superior activity in inhibition of HIV protease. There are also described the usage of the ritonavir analogous compound of the present invention or salt, ester or prodrug thereof as well as the usage of the compound and its pharmaceutical compositions in medicine, particularly, in the treatment of HIV infection, by itself or in combination with others anti-HIV drugs.
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Page/Page column 17-18
(2010/02/14)
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- Retroviral protease inhibiting compounds
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A compound comprising a substituent of the formula (II) is disclosed as an HIV protease inhibitor. Intermediates for making such compounds and processes for making such intermediates are also disclosed.
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- RETROVIRAL PROTEASE INHIBITING COMPOUNDS
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A compound of the formula: STR1 is disclosed as an HIV protease inhibitor. Methods and compositions for inhibiting an HIV infection are also disclosed.
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- Development of a new type of protease inhibitors, efficacious against FIV and HIV variants
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Based on the structural analysis of FIV protease and drug-resistant HIV proteases and molecular modeling, a new type of inhibitors with a small P3 residue has been developed. These inhibitors are effective against HIV and its drug-resistant mutants, as well as SIV and FIV. Modification of existing HIV protease inhibitors by reducing the size of the P3 residue has the same effect. This finding provides a new strategy for the development of HIV protease inhibitors effective against the wild-type and drug-resistant mutants. It further supports the use of FIV protease as a useful model for drug-resistant HIV proteases, which often have a more constricted binding region for the P3 group or the combined P3 and P1 groups.
- Lee, Taekyu,Le, Van-Duc,Lim, Dongyeol,Lin, Ying-Chuan,Morris, Garrett M.,Wong, Andrew L.,Olson, Arthur J.,Elder, John H.,Wong, Chi-Huey
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p. 1145 - 1155
(2007/10/03)
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- Discovery of ritonavir, a potent inhibitor of HIV protease with high oral bioavailability and clinical efficacy
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The structure-activity studies leading to the potent and clinically efficacious HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir are described. Beginning with the moderately potent and orally bioavailable inhibitor A-80987, systematic investigation of peripheral (P3 and P2') heterocyclic groups designed to decrease the rate of hepatic metabolism provided analogues with improved pharmacokinetic properties after oral dosing in rats. Replacement of pyridyl groups with thiazoles provided increased chemical stability toward oxidation while maintaining sufficient aqueous solubility for oral absorption. Optimization of hydrophobic interactions with the HIV protease active site produced ritonavir, with excellent in vitro potency (EC50 = 0.02 μM) and high and sustained plasma concentrations after oral administration in four species. Details of the discovery and preclinical development of ritonavir are described.
- Kempf, Dale J.,Sham, Hing L.,Marsh, Kennan C.,Flentge, Charles A.,Betebenner, David,Green, Brian E.,McDonald, Edith,Vasavanonda, Sudthida,Saldivar, Ayda,Wideburg, Norman E.,Kati, Warren M.,Ruiz, Lisa,Zhao, Chen,Fino, Lynnmarie,Patterson, Jean,Molla, Akhteruzzaman,Plattner, Jacob J.,Norbeck, Daniel W.
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p. 602 - 617
(2007/10/03)
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- Pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting HIV protease
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A pharmaceutical composition is disclosed which comprises a solution of an HIV protease inhibiting compound in a pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvent comprising a mixture of (1) (a) a solvent selected from propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol or (b) a solvent selected from polyoxyethyleneglycerol triricinoleate, polyethylene glycol 40 hydrogenated castor oil, fractionated coconut oil, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate and 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol or (c) a mixture thereof and (2) ethanol or propylene glycol.
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- Pharmaceutical composition
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A solid pharmaceutical composition is disclosed which comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable adsorbent or a mixture of pharmaceutically acceptable adsorbents to which is adsorbed a mixture of (1) a pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvent or a mixture of pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvents, (2) an HIV protease inhibiting compound and (3) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable acids. The solid composition can optionally be encapsulated in a hard gelatin capsule.
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- Process for the preparation of an HIV protease inhibiting compound
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Processes are disclosed for the preparation of (2S,3S,5S)-5-(N-(N-((N-Methyl-N-((2-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl)methyl)amino)carbonyl)-L-valinyl) amino)-2-(N-((5-thiazolyl)methoxycarbonyl)amino)-1,6-diphenyl-3-hydroxyhexane or an acid addition salt thereof and (
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