cas 14914-84-2, Holmium(III) chloride hexahydrate

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Optical properties of single crystals of heavy lanthanide chlorides
Studies of heavy lanthanide chlorides may provide important information on the degree of Ln3+-ligand bond covalency. Monocrystals of LnCl3·6H2O, where Ln = Dy, Ho and Er, were grown and spectroscopic investigations were pe
Oczko,Macalik
p. 1231 - 1236
(2010)
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Zeolite ionic crystals assembled through direct incorporation of polyoxometalate clusters within 3D metal-organic frameworks
Polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks {[Gd(dpdo) 4(H2O)3](PMo12O40)(H 2O)2CH3CN}n (2), {[Dy(dpdo) 4(H2O)3](PMo12O40)(H 2O)2CH3CN}n (3), {[Gd(dpdo) 4(H2O)3](H3O)(SiMo 12O40)(dpdo)0.5(CH3CN) 0.5 (H2O)3}n (4), {[Ho(dpdo) 4(H2O)3](H3O)(SiMo 12040)(dpdo)0.5(CH3CN) 0.5(H2O)3}n (5), {[Ni(dpdo) 2(CH3CN) (H2O)2] 2(SiMo12O40)(H2O)2} n (6), and {[Ni(dpdo)3]4(PW12O 40)3[H(H2O)27(CH3CN) 12]}n (7) (where dpdo is 4,4′-bipyridine-N,N′- dioxide) were constructed via self-assembly by embedding Keggin-type polyanions within the intercrystalline voids as guests or pillars. Compounds 2 and 3 are isomorphic and exhibit three-dimensional (3D) noninterwoven 64 frameworks with distorted-honeycomb cavities occupied by the polyanions. Compounds 4 and 5 are comprised of 3D noninterwoven frameworks formed by linking the adjacent folded sheets through hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions relative to the free isolated dpdo ligand. Compound 6 is a pillar-layered framework with the [SiMo12O40]4- anions located on the square voids of the two-dimensional bilayer sheets formed by the dpdo ligands and nickel(II) ions. Compound 7 is a 3D metal-organic framework formed by nickel(II) and 4,4′-bipyridine-N,N′-dioxide with the globular Keggin-structure [PW12O4]3- anion as the template. A large protonated water cluster H+(H 2O)27 is trapped and stabilized within the well-modulated cavity.
Wei, Meilin,He, Cheng,Sun, Qiaozhen,Meng, Qingjin,Duan, Chunying
p. 5957 - 5966
(2007)
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Preparation and thermal properties of lanthanide complexes with 2,3-dichlorobenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline
Three lanthanide complexes with a general formula [Ln(2,3-DClBA) 3phen]2 (Ln(III) = Eu(1), Tb(2), Ho(3); 2,3-DClBA = 2,3-dichlorobenzoate; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, infrared and ultraviolet spectra and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The luminescent properties of the complexes 1 and 2 were studied. The thermal behaviors of the complexes were also discussed by thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermogravimetric (DTG) and infrared spectra (IR) techniques. The heat capacities of the complexes were measured from 259.15 to 493.02 K by means of Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The dependence of heat capacity on the reduce temperature x (x = [T - (Tmax + Tmin)/2]/[(Tmax - Tmin)/2]) was fitted to a polynomial equation with the least squares method for each complex. Furthermore, based on the fitted polynomial, the smoothed heat capacities and the derived thermodynamic functions (HT - H 298.15 K), (ST - S298.15 K) and (GT - G298.15 K) in the measured temperature range were obtained with an interval of 10 K.
Wang, Juan-Fen,Ren, Ning,Meng, Fan-Tao,Zhang, Jian-Jun
p. 118 - 123
(2011/02/27)

Investigation of desolvation process in lanthanide dinicotinates
The desolvation process in lanthanide pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylates of the formulae [Tb2pdc3(dmf)2]?dmf (1), [Ho 2pdc3(dmf)2]?dmf (2), [Erdc 3(dmf)2]?dmf (3), and [Yb2pdc 3(dmf)2]?dmf (4) where pdc-C5H 3N(COO) 2 2-, dmf-N,N′-dimethylformamide) has been investigated by means of the TG-DSC, TG-FTIR, IR and XRD methods. Heating of the complexes in the range 30-260 °C lead to evolution of weakly bonded dmf molecules included in the channels as well those directly bonded with lanthanide atoms. The kinetic analysis revealed a multistep desolvation pattern.
Lyszczek,Iwan
p. 633 - 639
(2011/04/22)

Synthesis, structure, thermal and luminescent behaviors of lanthanide-Pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate frameworks series
The isostructural series of lanthanide pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylates of the formula [Ln2pdc3(dmf)2]·(dmf) x(H2O)y where Ln are lanthanides from La(III) to Lu(III); pdc2--C5/s
?yszczek, Renata
p. 120 - 127
(2011/01/08)

Synthesis, crystal structures and properties of a series of three-dimensional lanthanide coordination polymers with the rigid and flexible mixed dicarboxylate ligands of 1,4-benzene dicarboxylic acid and succinic acid
A series of new lanthanide coordination polymers, with the formula [Ln(Suc)0.5(p-BDC)] (Ln = Eu (1), Sm (2), Tb (3), Pr (4), Ho (5); H2Suc = succinic acid; p-H2BDC = 1,4-benzene dicarboxylic acid), have been synthesized un
Wang, Chun-Guang,Xing, Yong-Heng,Li, Zhang-Peng,Li, Jing,Zeng, Xiao-Qing,Ge, Mao-Fa,Niu, Shu-Yun
p. 126 - 131
(2009/08/15)

Thermochemical properties of the rare earth complexes with pyromellitic acid
Fourteen rare earth complexes with pyromellitic acid were synthesized and characterized by means of chemical and elemental analysis, and TG-DTG. The constant-volume combustion energies of complexes, ΔcU, were measured by a precise rotating-bomb
Wang, Lijun,Liu, Fei,Yang, Xuwu,Wang, Xiaoyan,Liu, Ruiping,Zhao, Sa,Chen, Sanping
p. 43 - 46
(2009/05/30)

Molar heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of crystalline Ho(Asp)Cl2?6H2O
The molar heat capacity, C p,m, of a complex of holmium chloride coordinated with L-aspartic acid, Ho(Asp)Cl2?6H2O, was measured from 80 to 397 K with an automated adiabatic calorimeter. The thermodynamic functions H T-H 298.15 and S T-S 298.15 were derived from 80 to 395 K with temperature interval of 5 K. The thermal stability of the complex was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TG) technique, and the mechanism of thermal decomposing of the complex was determined based on the structure and the thermal analysis experiment.
Liu,Lv,Tan,Zhang,Shi,Yang,Xing,Sun,Zhang
p. 283 - 287
(2008/10/09)

Synthesis, crystal structure and properties of three new holmium 2-fluorobenzoato complexes
This paper reports three new holmium 2-fluorobenzoato (2-FBA) complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 2,2′-bipydine (2,2′-bpy) and 4,4′-bipyridine, respectively. A rare and interesting structural feature of holmium 2-FBA complex containing phen is two non-equivalent binuclear molecules existed in an asymmetric unit, namely, [Ho(2-FBA)3· phen·CH3CH2OH]2 and [Ho(2-FBA) 3·phen]2. The dimeric complex [Ho(2-FBA) 3·2,2′-bpy]2 is a type of eight-coordinated lanthanide carboxylate complexes containing 2,2′-bpy. The {[Ho(2-FBA) 3·2H2O]·(4,4′-bpy)}n is in one-dimensional polymeric structure, and the 3D supramolecular network structure is formed by the hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions.
Li, Xia,Zhang, Zhuo-Yong,Song, Hai-Bin
p. 33 - 40
(2007/10/03)

Synthesis and characterization of new polynuclear lanthanide coordination polymers with 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid)
Three new polynuclear lanthanide coordination polymers [Ln 5(μ3-OH)(oba)7(H2O) 2]n ? 0.5nH2O (Ln = Eu (1), Ho (2)) and [Yb6(oba)9(H2O)]n (3) (H 2oba = 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid)), were prepared by hydrothermal reactions. 1 and 2 are isomorphous and exhibit complicated three-dimensional structures based on [Ln5(μ 3-OH)(oba)7(H2O)2] building blocks. In the asymmetric unit, there are five different coordination environments of Ln(III) ions, including a trinuclear hydroxo core. Complex 3 is a three-dimensional coordination polymer built up from a hexanuclear building block. In 3, Yb(III) ions have six different chemical environments and are in a regular arrangement, resulting in pseudohexagonal prisms along the a-axis. The luminescent property of 1 and magnetic behaviors of 2 and 3 have also been studied.
Wang, Yi-Bo,Sun, Chang-Yan,Zheng, Xiang-Jun,Gao, Song,Lu, Shao-Zhe,Jin, Lin-Pei
p. 823 - 830
(2008/10/09)

Coordination polymers based on inorganic lanthanide(III) sulfate skeletons and an organic isonicotinate N-oxide connector: Segregation into three structural types by the lanthanide contraction effect
Fourteen three-dimensional coordination polymers of general formula [Ln(INO)(H2O)(SO4)]n, where Ln = La, 1·La; Ce, 2·Ce; Pr, 3·Pr; Nd, 4·Nd; Sm, 5·Sm; Eu, 6·Eu; Gd, 7·Gd; Tb, 8·Tb; Dy, 9·Dy; Ho, 10·Ho; Er, 11·Er; Tm, 12·Tm; Yb, 13·Yb; and Lu, 14·Lu; INO = isonicotinate-N-oxide, have been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions of Ln3+, MnCO3, MnSO4·H 2O, and isonicotinic acid N-oxide (HINO) at 155 °C and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, thermal analysis, luminescence spectroscopy, and the magnetic measurement. The structures are formed by connection of layer, chain, or dimer of Ln-SO4 by the organic connector, INO. They belong to three structural types that are governed exclusively by the size of the ions: type I for the large ions, La, Ce, and Pr; type II for the medium ions, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, and Tb; and type III for the small ions, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu. Type I consists of two-dimensional undulate Ln-sulfate layers pillared by INO to form a three-dimensional network. Type II has a 2-fold interpenetration of 3D herringbone networks, in which the catenation is sustained by extensive π-π interactions and O-H...O and C-H...O hydrogen bonds. Type III comprises one-dimensional chains that are connected by INO bridges, resulting in an α-Po network. The progressive structural change is due to the metal coordination number decreasing from nine for the large ions via eight to seven for the small ions, demonstrating clearly the effect of lanthanide contraction. The sulfate ion acts as a μ4- or μ3-bridge, connecting two, three, or four metals, and is both mono- and bidentate. The INO ligand acts as a μ3- or μ2-bridge with carboxylate group in syn-syn bridging or bidentate chelating mode. The materials show considerably high thermal stability. The magnetic properties of 4·Nd, 6·Eu, 7·Gd, and 13·Yb and the luminescence properties of 6·Eu and 8·Tb are also investigated.
He, Zheng,Gao, En-Qing,Wang, Zhe-Ming,Yan, Chun-Hua,Kurmoo, Mohamedally
p. 862 - 874
(2008/10/09)

The template synthesis and characterization of new mono- and dinuclear Schiff base complexes of lanthanide(III) ions
As a result of [1 + 2] Schiff base condensation in reaction between 2,6-diacetylpyridine and 3,6-dioxaoctane-1,8-diamine in the presence of lanthanide(III) ions (Ln = La3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho 3+), the new mono- and dinuclear architectures containing ligand with N5O4 set of donor atoms with terminal amine groups were formed. The complexes were clear on the basis of the spectroscopic and thermogravimetric data and microanalyses.
Nawrocka, Justyna,Patroniak, Violetta
p. 159 - 162
(2008/10/09)

Hydrothermal synthesis and structural characterization of two novel lanthanide supramolecular coordination polymers with nano-chains
Two novel lanthanide supramolecular coordination polymers, {[Nd2(phth)3(phen)(H2O)].H2O}n (1, phth = phthalate, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) and {[Ho2(phth)3(phen)(H2O) 2].3H2O}n (2), have been synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The results show that complex 1 crystallizes in triclinic space group P1? with a = 7.605(2) ?, b = 12.972(4) ?, c = 18.773(6) ?, α = 109.778(5)°, β = 91.657(5)°, γ = 103.951(5)° and Z = 2. Complex 1 has a one-dimentional nano-chain structure and the existence of hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions results in 2D network structure. Complex 2 crystallizes in triclinic space group P1? with a = 11.695(2) ?, b = 13.488(3) ?, c = 13.761(3) ?, α = 87.09(3)°, β = 67.40(3)°, γ = 67.41(3)° and Z = 2. Complex 2 features a zigzag double-chain and the hydrogen bonds lead to the formation of a three-dimensional network. Both Complex 1 and 2 have two metal environments.
Wan, Yong-Hong,Jin, Lin-Pei,Wang, Ke-Zhi
p. 85 - 93
(2007/10/03)

Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structures of three novel lanthanide coordination polymers with glutarate and 1,10-phenanthroline
The first series of lanthanide coordination polymers with glutarate (glu) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), [Nd2(glu)3(phen)2]n 1,[Tb(glu)(phen)Cl]n 2 and [Ho(glu)(phen)Cl]n 3, have been prep
Zhang, Li-Ping,Wan, Yong-Hong,Jin, Lin-Pei
p. 169 - 178
(2007/10/03)

Metal poly(benzimidazol-1-yl)borates. Synthesis and spectral characterization of some lanthanide chelates of hydridotris- and tetrakis(benzimidazol-1-yl)borate anions
Complexes of La(III), Nd(III), Pr(III), Sm(III), Tb(III), Dy(III), Ho(III), Er(III) and Yb(III) with hydridotris- and tetrakis(benzimidazol-1-yl) borate anions (L1 and L2) have been prepared and characterized. The spectral parameters β, b1/2, δ% and η, evaluated from the electronic spectra of the Pr, Nd, Sm, Ho and Er complexes, suggest the presence of a weak covalent contribution in the metal-ligand bond. The IR spectral data reveal that both L1 and L2 behave as tridentate ligands coordinating via the pyridyl and pyrrolic nitrogen atoms of the benzimidazolyl groups.
Khan, Tabrez A.,Khan, M. Arif,Khan,Haq
p. 297 - 308
(2008/10/08)

Solution enthalpies of hydrates LnCl3·xH2O (Ln=Ce-Lu)
Trichlorides of the lanthanide elements Ln=Ce-Lu form: (a) isotypic hexahydrates LnCl3·6H2O with a coordination number (CN) 8 for the Ln3+ ions. (b) Two isotypic groups of trihydrates LnCl3·3H2O, in the first group Ln=Ce-Dy the CN is 8; the structure of the second group Ln=Er-Lu is unknown. With Ho no trihydrate exists; a dihydrate is formed. (c) Two isotypic groups of monohydrates LnCl3·H2O with unknown structure - Ln=Ce-Dy and Ln=Ho-Lu. For all compounds and for anhydrous chlorides LnCl3 solution enthalpies were measured with an isoperibolic calorimeter. The ΔsolH0 values do not depend only on the difference (lattice enthalpies/hydration enthalpies), but also on the state in solution. According to Spedding the CN of the Ln3+ ions against water changes from 9 to 8 between Nd and Sm, causing minima in the series of solution enthalpies. Dihydrates LnCl3·2H2O are found for Ln=Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm and presumably for Eu and Gd. They are not yet well characterised.
Seifert,Funke
p. 1 - 7
(2008/10/09)

Ternary chlorides in the systems ACl/HoCl3 (A = Cs, Rb, K)
The phase diagrams of the pseudo-binary systems ACl/HoCl3 (A = Cs, Rb, K) were investigated by DTA and XRT. The existence of compounds A3HoCl6, Cs2HoCl5, Cs3Ho2Cl7 and AHo2Cl7 could be confirmed. Additionally, the 2:1-compounds Rb2HoCl5 (Cs2DyCl5-structure) and K2HoCl5(K2PrCl5-structure) were found. By solution enthalpy and e.m.f vs. T measurements in galvanic chlorine cells for solid electrolytes, the thermodynamic functions for the formation from ACl and HoCl3 and for the formation from the compounds adjacent in the phase diagrams were measured. The compounds A3HoCl6 could be prepared also from acetic acid solutions. From aqueous solutions, the ternary halides Cs4HoCl7 and Cs3HoCl6 crystallizing in the space group Pbcm were prepared. Anhydrous HoCl3 can be obtained comfortably from holmium formiate at approximately 300 °C in an HCl gas stream.
Roffe,Seifert
p. 128 - 133
(2008/10/08)

The dehydration schemes of rare-earth chlorides
The dehydration schemes of LaCl3·7H2O, CeCl3·7H2O, PrCl3·7H2O, PrCl3·7H2O, EuCl3·6H2O, GdCl3·OH2O, HoCl3·6H2O, ErCl3·OH2O, TmCl3·6H2O, YbCl3·OH2O and YCl3·6H2O have been investigated by the isothermal fluidizedbed technique. This technique is based on the fact that reactions proceed at a close approach to equilibrium and thus give rise to constant reaction rate regimes at constant gas flow and temperature in the bed. By injecting a small portion of HCl(g) (～1%) into the gas stream, hydrolysis is avoided, and dehydration to the monohydrate is recorded by both thermal analysis of the preheated inlet gas and chemical analysis of samples taken from the bed. Based on the present results, together with previous results on NdCl3·OH2O, TbCl3·6H2O and DyCl3·6H2O, dehydration schemes of all rare-earth chlorides except LuCl3 and ScCl3 are suggested.
Hong, Vu Van,Sundstroem, Johan
p. 37 - 43
(2008/10/09)

Orthorhombic low-temperature modifications of compounds Cs3LnCl6 (Ln = Nd-Yb)-preparation and thermodynamic stability
The compounds Cs3LnCl6 (Ln=Nd-Yb) can be obtained from aqueous solutions with an orthorhombic structure /S.G. Pbcm/, whereas from solutions in anhydrous acetic acid a modification with the monoclinic Cs3BiCl6 structure /S.G. C 2/c/ is formed. By solution calorimetry, the orthorhombic phase could be proved to be the low temperature modification. Molar volumes determined from X-ray powder patterns increase from Pbcm to C 2/c. The transition from the orthorhombic into the monoclinic phase is irreversible for kinetical reasons.
Reuter, Gert,Sebastian, J?rg,Roffe, Mark,Seifert, Hans-Joachim
p. 47 - 52
(2008/10/09)

SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRALINVESTIGATION ON RARE EARTH(III0 COMPLEXES OF AMIDO ACID LIGAND DERIVED FROM 2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE
Fourteen rare earth(III) complexes REL3.nH2O (where RE = Sc, n=5; Re = Z, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Zb, n = 6; RE = Pr, Nd, n =4; HL =1-(N-carboxymethyl-N-phenyl)amino-avetyl-2',4'-dinitrophenylhydrazine), have been synthesized and characterized
Shen, Xu,Xie, Yuyuan
p. 499 - 510
(2008/10/09)