151-56-4

Catalytic asymmetric cycloadditions of ambident Pd-containing dipolar species with nucleophilic dipolarophiles, namely, inverse-electron-demand cycloadditions, are challenging and underdeveloped. Possibly, the inherent linear selectivity of Pd-catalyzed intermolecular allylations and the lack of efficient chiral ligands are responsible for this limitation. Herein, two cycloadditions of such intermediates with deconjugated butenolides and azlactones were accomplished by using a novel chiral hybrid P,S-ligand and hydrogen bonding. By doing so, highly functionalized, optically active dihydroquinol-2-ones were produced with generally high reaction efficiencies and selectivities. Preliminary DFT calculations were performed to explain the high enantio- and diastereoselectivities.

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1,6-Bis(2-oxooxazolidin-3-ylcarbonylamino)hexane (1) was prepared from 2-oxazolidinone and hexamethylenediisocyanurate using triethylenediamine as a catalyst in benzene.A TG effluent gas is collected in a cold trap and then directly injected into a GC for separation, the MS for unequivocal identification.The 13 effluent compounds from the thermal degradation of 1 were identified.

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A new method to prepare hyperbranched polyamine-oxide hybrid materials by means of a vapor-phase transport is developed. In this method, hybrid materials having hyperbranched amine polymers covalently bound to an oxide support are formed by exposing the oxide support to the vapor of small nitrogen-containing heterocyclic monomers, in contrast to the conventional liquid-phase method, in which the support is dispersed in an organic solution containing monomer species. The aziridine and azetidine monomers are polymerized on the surface of the oxide supports (i.e., silica and alumina), resulting in poly(ethylenimine) or poly(propylenimine) chains attached to the porous solid support. The results suggest that the hybrid materials can be prepared over a wide range of preparation conditions with organic contents comparable to or even higher than those obtained from the standard liquid-phase method. It is demonstrated that supports with more acidity result in the hybrid materials with higher organic content. Interestingly, the resulting supported polyamines have lower molecular weights than the previously reported materials prepared by the liquid-phase method. It is anticipated that the vapor-phase synthesis can be applied for the efficient introduction of polyamines into structural forms of supports such as fibers, membranes, and monoliths, for which the liquid-phase method may be inappropriate or inefficient.

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An efficient and simple process for the fixation of carbon dioxide (CO 2) to aziridine for the synthesis of 2-oxazolidinone by using DBN as catalyst, LiI as an additive under atmospheric pressure was developed. This chemical fixation of CO2 could also be carried out at room temperature with prolonged reaction time.

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The photolysis of hydrogen azide was studied in liquid ethylene, propene, and the mixture with ethane at the temperature of Dry Ice-methanol.The products observed were aziridine (0.18), ammonia (0.16), and nitrogen (1.0) from the ethylene solution and 2-methylaziridine (0.33), allylamine (0.12), ammonia (0.17), and nitrogen (1.0) from the propene solution.The values in parentheses show the yields relative to that of nitrogen.The relative yields were independent of the concentration of hydrogen azide in the range of 0.8-8*10-2 mol dm-3.The reaction of NH(a1Δ) radicals with olefin consists of three processes: the addition to double bond, the insertion into the C-H bond, and the deactivation to the 3Σ- state.The branching ratios and the relative rate constants of the reactions of NH(a1Δ) radicals with ethylene, propene, and ethane were estimated.

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The decomposition of para-substituted N-benzoylaziridines (H, OCH3, NO2, Br) in buffered aqueous media is studied at 25 deg C as a function of pH in order to assess the effect of N-pyramidalization on the hydrolytic reactivity of the amide bond.Overall, the reaction shows three dominant terms: OH- and H2O attack on the neutral form and H2O attack on the protonated form of the amide.In base, the exclusive reaction is rate-limiting and irreversible attack of OH- on the C=O unit leading to normal hydrolytic products.This is shown by the first-order dependence on -> from pH 8 to 14 of the hydrolysis rate and by the fact that ca. 50percent 18O-enriched amide recovered from the hydrolysis medium as a function of time shows no 18O loss.Relative to N,N-dimethylbenzamide (kOH-25 deg C = 6.0 * 10-6 M-1 s-1), N-benzoylaziridine is ca. 200 000-fold more susceptible to OH- attack (kOH-25 deg C = 1.1 M-1 s-1).The kOH- terms follow a ?ρ relationship with ρ = 1.68.In acid, the products are not the expected hydrolytic ones of benzoic acid and aziridine.Rather, exclusive ring opening occurs to give p-X-C6H4C(=O)NHCH2CH2OX.In acetate buffers, product analysis by 1H NMR indicates that the ring-opened material consists of alcohol and acetate (X = H and C(=O)CH3).

The i.r. spectrum of 2-bromoethylamine was observed in an Ar matrix.At least three conformers coexisted in the matrix.Gauche to trans isomerization around the C-C bond was found to occur in the matrix under i.r. irradiation.

The invention provides a method for synthesizing fluopyram, which uses commercially available 2 - bromoethylamine hydrobromide as a starting raw material, generates cyclopropylamine by self nucleophilic substitution reaction under basic conditions, and then reacts with o-trifluorobenzoyl chloride to prepare the key intermediate cyclopropylamine -1 -(2 - (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) methyl ketone. 2,3 -dichloro -5 -trifluoromethylpyridine was reacted with cyclopropylamine -1 -based (2 - (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) methyl ketone after the action of alkyllithium to give fluopyram. 1st-step and 2nd-step reactions are one-pot reaction, the reaction yield is high, the synthesis process is simple, the product purity is high, and the method has huge application value.

The invention provides a method for inactivation or reduction of pathogens, microorganisms or parasites in a sample, media, composition, utility, device, surface or organism by treatment with an alkylating compound of Structure I, followed by elimination or reduction of the residual compound with Structure I by treatment with a neutralizing agent, which eliminates or reduces the toxicity or other undesirable properties of the alkylating compound with Structure I. The neutralizing agent may be present in a treatment solution or be part of a solid-phase agent, and preferably acts by eliminating the alkylating properties of the compound of Structure I.

The detailed multistep syntheses of two nitrogen-based sterically congested iminoanilidine and amidine proligands bearing a tethered 15-member aza-ether-crown macrocycle, namely {I^Acrown}H and {Amcrown}H, are reported. These proligands react with [Ba{N(SiMe2H)2}2·(thf)n] to generate the heteroleptic barium complexes [{I^Acrown}BaN(SiMe2H)2] (5) and [{Amcrown}BaN(SiMe2H)2] (6) in high yields. These complexes exhibit high coordination numbers (resp. eight and seven) and are in addition stabilised by mild Ba?H-Si interactions. Unusually for oxophilic elements such as barium, the amidinate ligand in 6 is only η1-coordinated. Complexes 5 and 6 mediate the intermolecular hydrophosphination of styrene with primary (PhPH2) and secondary (HPPh2) phosphines. Their catalytic performance compares favourably with those of other barium precatalysts for these reactions. During the course of the hydrophosphination of styrene with HPPh2 catalysed by 5, the phosphide complex [{I^Acrown}BaPPh2] (7) could be intercepted and crystallographically characterised.

The invention provides a method for preparing thiotepa. The method comprises the following steps: cooling ethylenimine and an organic solvent to a temperature of 15-17 DEG C, dropping an organic solvent of trihalothiophosphorus, dropping an acid-binding agent when the trihalothiophosphorus is dropped to reach a scheduled quantity Y of 49%, maintaining the temperature of 15-17 DEG C, and reacting for 30-45 minutes; filtering, performing reduced pressure distillation on the filtrate to remove the organic solvent so as to obtain the residue, and purifying, so as to obtain the thiotepa. The raw materials and reagent used in the preparation method provided by the invention are cheap and readily available, the produced three wastes are less, and the method is simple in operation, high in yield and suitable for industrial production.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for synthesizing ethylenimine as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The related catalyst comprises a carrier and metal ions loaded on the carrier; the carrier is a composite oxide comprising titanium, silicon and phosphorus elements; the metal ions are magnesium ions, iron ions and cesium ions; the molar ratio of the magnesium ions to the iron ions to the cesium ions is (1-10):1:0.1; the mass of all metal ions is 0.5-10 percent of that of the carrier. In the related preparation method, a catalyst precursor is roasted at the temperature of 350-650° C., so that the catalyst is obtained; the catalyst precursor is the mixture of the carrier, soluble salt of magnesium, soluble salt of iron and soluble salt of cesium. The present invention also provides the application of the catalyst to synthesis of the ethylenimine by using amino alcohol as the raw material. Compared with a common catalyst which has the requirement on the temperature of over 400° C., the catalyst of the present invention obviously reduces the reaction temperature. The prepared catalyst can catalyze the intramolecular dehydration reaction of the amino alcohol and has relatively excellent selectivity.

The invention relates to a method for producing primary amines, which contain at least one functional group of the formula (-CH2-NH2) and at least one further primary amino group, by the alcohol amination of reactants, which contain at least one functional group of the formula (-CH2-OH) and at least one further functional group (-X), wherein (-X) is selected from hydroxyl groups and primary amino groups, using ammonia with removal of water, wherein the reaction is carried out in a homogeneously catalyzed manner in the presence of at least one complex catalyst containing at least one element selected from groups 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table and at least one donor ligand.

Five- to seven-membered common-sized heterocyclic compounds containing an oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen were synthesized by the intramolecular condensation of α,ω-hydroxy, mercapto, or amino alkanes, respectively, over halide cluster complexes as a thermally stable molecular solid weak acid catalyst in the gas phase at temperatures ≥150 °C. From ω- mercapto and ω-amino alcohols, cyclic sulfides and amines were obtained, respectively. These unimolecular reactions are thermodynamically and kinetically favored.

A one-step method was reported for the synthesis of 6-acetamido-3-(N-(2- (dimethylamino) ethyl) sulfamoyl) naphthalene-1-yl 7-acetamido-4- hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonate by treating 7-acetamido-4-hydroxy-2- naphthalenesulfonyl chloride with equal moles of N, N-dimethylethylenediamine in acetonitrile in the presence of K2CO3. The chemical structure of the obtained compounds was characterized by MS, FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, gCOSY, TOCSY, gHSQC, and gHMBC. The chemical shift differences of 1H and 13C being δ 0.04 and 0.2, respectively, were unambiguously differentiated. Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 6-Acetamido-3-(N-(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl) sulfamoyl) naphthalene-1-yl 7-acetamido-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonate was prepared by a one-step method. The structure of the compound was elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR. The chemical shift differences of 1H and 13C being δ 0.04 and 0.2, respectively, were unambiguously differentiated. Copyright

Process for preparing primary amines which have at least one functional group of the formula (—CH2—NH2) and at least one further primary amino group by alcohol amination of starting materials having at least one functional group of the formula (—CH2—OH) and at least one further functional group (—X), where (—X) is selected from among hydroxyl groups and primary amino groups, by means of ammonia with elimination of water, wherein the reaction is carried out homogeneously catalyzed in the presence of at least one complex catalyst comprising at least one element selected from groups 8, 9 and 10 of the Periodic Table and also at least one donor ligand.

Several commercially available supports were examined for cyclization of monoethanolamine to aziridine, and SiO2 was found to yield the best results. The obtained results indicated that selectivity of aziridine was mainly influenced by support. The catalysts were characterized by NH3-TPD and XRD. It was found that SiO2 with lower acidity could inhibit the intermolecular condensations, and thus favored the formation of aziridine. The Cs4P2O7 phase was confirmed as the active site in the supported cesium phosphate catalyst. The reaction parameters were also optimized and a yield of 52% aziridine was obtained over 200 h. Thus, a continuous process for the cyclization of monoethanolamine to aziridine has been established. Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012.

The present invention provides a method of making up human keratinous material with light-sensitive makeup, wherein: a) a base layer of a first composition is applied to the keratinous material, the first composition containing at least one optical agent that configured for, at least temporarily, of forming a screen at a wavelength λ; andb) a thermally stable photochromic second composition is applied on the base layer, the second composition being developable by exposure to a radiation at least of the wavelength λ.

The present invention provides a method of making up human keratinous material with a light-sensitive makeup, in which: i. a layer of a thermally stable photochromic composition comprising a photochromic agent capable of being developed by UV radiation and an optical agent that screens UV radiation is applied to the keratinous material; and ii. the layer of composition is exposed in non uniform manner to UV radiation to excite the photochromic agent and create a light-sensitive makeup look, the screening power F of the composition as regards solar UV radiation (280 nm to 400 nm) being 2 or more.

The present invention provides a novel class of macrocyclic compounds as well as complexes formed between a metal (e.g., lanthanide) ion and the compounds of the invention. Preferred complexes exhibit high stability as well as high quantum yields of lanthanide ion luminescence in aqueous media without the need for secondary activating agents. Preferred compounds incorporate hydroxy-isophthalamide moieties within their macrocyclic structure and are characterized by surprisingly low, non-specific binding to a variety of polypeptides such as antibodies and proteins as well as high kinetic stability. These characteristics distinguish them from known, open-structured ligands.

(Figure Presented) N-tert-Butylsulfonyl and N-tert-butylsulfinyl aziridine undergo α-lithiation/electrophile trapping providing a new entry to terminal aziridines. With N-tert-butylsulfinyl aziridine complete asymmetric induction is observed α; to nitrogen.

Ligands, compositions, and metal-ligand complexes that incorporate heterocycle-amine compounds are disclosed that are useful in the catalysis of transformations such as the polymerization of monomers into polymers. The catalysts have high performance characteristics, including higher comonomer incorporation into ethylene/olefin copolymers, where such olefins are for example, 1-octene, propylene or styrene. The catalysts also polymerize propylene to form isotactic polypropylene.

Lavendamycin analogues, methods for their synthesis, and methods for their use in the treatment of diseases such as cancer and HIV infection are described.

The selective N-methylation of bifunctionalized amines with supercritical methanol (scCH3OH) promoted by the conventional solid acids (H-mordenite, β-zeolite, amorphous silica-alumina) and acid-base bifunctional catalysts (Cs-P-Si mixed oxide and γ-alumina) was investigated in a continuous-flow, fixed-bed reactor. The use of scCH 3OH in the reaction of 2-aminoethanol with methanol (amine/CH 3OH = 1/10.8) over the solid catalysts led to a significant improvement in the chemoselectivity of the N-methylation. Among the catalysts examined, the Cs-P-Si mixed oxide provided the most efficient catalyst performance in terms of selectivity and reactivity at 300 °C and 8.2 MPa; the N-methylation selectivity in the products reaching up to 94% at 86% conversion. The present selective methylation was successfully applied to the synthesis of N-methylated amino alcohols and diamines as well as O-methylated ethylene glycol. Noticeably, ethoxyethylamine was less reactive, suggesting that the hydroxy group of the amino alcohols is a crucial structural factor in determining high reactivity and selectivity, possibly because of the tethering effect of another terminus, a hydroxo group, to the catalyst surface. The magic-angle-spinning NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of the Cs-P-Si mixed oxide catalyst revealed that the acidic and basic sites originate from P2O5/SiO2 and Cs/SiO2, respectively, and the weak acid-base paired sites are attributed to three kinds of cesium phosphates on SiO2. The weak acid-base sites on the catalyst surface might be responsible for the selective dehydrative methylation.

Novel compounds are described. The compounds generally comprise an acidic group, a basic group, a substituted amino or N-acyl and a group having an optionally hydroxylated alkane moiety. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the inhibitors of the invention are also described. Methods of inhibiting neuraminidase in samples suspected of containing neuraminidase are also described. Antigenic materials, polymers, antibodies, conjugates of the compounds of the invention with labels, and assay methods for detecting neuraminidase activity are also described.

The unique properties of supercritical fluids can be exploited for fine-tuning product selectivity. Under the conditions listed for the N-methylation of amino alcohols (see scheme) over solid acid-base bifunctional catalysts, the total yield and product selectivity could be improved. Enhanced product selectivity might be attributed to the milder reaction conditions possible with supercritical methanol, as well as the increased concentration of methanol on the catalyst.

Novel compounds are described. The compounds generally comprise an acidic group, a basic group, a substituted amino or N-acyl and a group having an optionally hydroxylated alkane moiety. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the inhibitors of the invention are also described. Methods of inhibiting neuraminidase in samples suspected of containing neuraminidase are also described. Antigenic materials, polymers, antibodies, conjugates of the compounds of the invention with labels, and assay methods for detecting neuraminidase activity are also described.

Using the chelation of a triamine moiety and an S-bridged heterodinuclear unit, cleavage of the Pt-S bond in the thiolate-platinum complexes, [Pt(terpy)(BAT)]4+ and [Pt(terpy)(AET)]+ is induced by adding transition metals such as Cu2+ or Zn2+ in phosphate buffer (pH 7-8) at room temp.

Novel carbocyclic compounds are described. The compounds generally comprise an acidic group, a basic group, a substituted amino or N-acyl and a group having an optionally hydroxylated alkane moiety. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the inhibitors of the invention are also described. Methods of inhibiting neuraminidase in samples suspected of containing neuraminidase are also described. Antigenic materials, polymers, antibodies, conjugates of the compounds of the invention with labels, and assay methods for detecting neuraminidase activity are also described.

N-(2-Chloroethyl)phosphoric amido esters containing a 2-arylethyl ester function undergo thermal fragmentation to the 2-arylchloroethane, aziridine and a methaphosphate intermediate.

Lithium methyl N-(2-chloroethyl)phosphoramidate (2b) and lithium methyl N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphoramidate (2c) were prepared as models of N-phosphorylated mustards used in cancer chemotherapy.The decomposition of those substrates in D2O and in D2O-pyridine-d5 was studied to elucidate the mechanism of their alkylating reactivity.The products of the decomposition and the variation of the proportions of the products with time were determined, and the results led to the following conclusions.Decomposition of substrates of the type 2 can follow three independent pathways: (i) 1,5-cyclization to a 1,3,2-oxazaphospholidine derivative, followed by fast ring opening via the pH-dependent P-O or P-N bond cleavage; (ii) 1,3-cyclization to a N-phosphorylated aziridinium derivative, followed by the nucleophilic opening of the aziridine ring; (iii) fragmentation to metaphosphate and aziridine species, followed by rapid reactions of those intermediates with nucleophiles.The first pathway deactivates the substrate with respect to the alkylating reactivity.Relative contributions of individual pathways to the decomposition are highly sensitive to the detailed structure of the substrate and to the nucleophilic composition of the reaction medium.

The kinetics of ring opening of aziridinium ion by chloride and bromide ions in DMSO-water mixtures have been studied and compared with previously reported data on the reverse reaction.Activation parameters indicate that the C-Hal bond in the transition state of the reaction develops to a minor extent.This assumption is corroborated by the bromide:chloride ratio.Correlations with Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters showed that both opening and closure of the aziridinium ring are characterized by a similar nucleophilic solvation term.Taking this fact into account we assume a considerable degree of ring formation in the transition state of the reaction under study.

The electronic structures and the gas-phase thermolysis of the 2-tetrazenes 2-13 have been studied by He(I) photoelectron spectroscopy.The compounds are characterized by at least three ionization potentials with energies less than 10 eV which are assigned to the molecular orbitals ?3 (HOMO), n(+), ?2, and n(-).In the thermolyses either the formal disproportionation products (amine and imine) of the respective aminyl radical are found, or the latter is stabilized by loss of an alkyl radical affording also an imine.Further products which can be explained by radical reactions are detected in flash vacuum pyrolyses.The tricyclic cis-2-tetrazene 13 is cleaved by cycloreversion.The methoxymethylsubstituted compound 8 exhibit a more complex cleavage pattern. - Key Words: Electronic structure / PE spectroscopy / Thermolysis, gas-phase / Imines / Radicals

The contact conversion of 1,2-diaminoethane over a tungsten trioxide catalyst at 240-580 deg C has been studied by an impulse chromatographic method.The basic reaction path under these conditions is unimolecular deaminocyclization to give aziridine (31-35percent).Piperazine and triethylenediamine, products of bi- and trimolecular deaminocyclization, are present as products.The deamination process is accompanied by coupled dehydrogenation and hydrogenolysis reactions.Addition of the acid anhydrides SiO2, P2O5 and B2O3 to the catalyst increases its activity but has onlyanegligible affect on the activation energy of the process.

The quantitative cyclization of 2-chloro- and 2-bromoethylamines in DMSO-H2O mixtures to aziridine has been studied. The influence of the solvent on these reactions is determined mainly by nucleophilic solvation. Correlation analysis of the kinetic behavior showed substantial C-N bond formation in the transition state.

A method is described for producing vicinal diamines comprising the steps of converting a compound, possessing a leaving group on a carbon atom interposed between carbon atoms containing amino groups, to an aziridine-containing compound and reacting the latter compound with a nucleophile to form a vicinal diamine. The compound chosen for the rearrangement reaction may be selected from a wide range of compounds, including those with halide, heteroatom and aryl substituents. The amino groups may be blocked or unblocked. A variety of functional groups, including those which extend the carbon backbone, may be incorporated via opening of the aziridine-containing compound by addition of a selected nuclepohile. Aziridine-containing compositions and vicinal diamine compositions are disclosed. Functionalized vicinal diamines have numerous uses, including as intermediates for radionuclide-chelating ligands for use in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer.

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Bis(neopentyloxy)triphenylphosphorane (BNTP; 31P δ -58.3) is prepared in 48percent yield by reaction of 2 equiv of lithium neopentoxide with dibromotriphenylphosphorane in anhydrous dichloromethane from -78 to 25 deg C.BNTP smoothly converts a variety of diols, 2-aminoethanol, and 4-mercaptobutanol to the corresponding heterocycles in excellent yields (>95percent) by 13C and 31P NMR analysis.

The reactions of 1-alkoxycarbonylaziridines, 1-(phenylaminocarbonyl)aziridine, and 1-arylsulfonylaziridines with ammonia and amines were investigated.It was shown that the opening of the aziridine ring in a number of cases is accompanied by aminolysis of the alkoxycarbonyl group.The dependence of the ratio of ring opening and aminolysis products on the structure of the amines is discussed.

The acid hydrolysis of two model aziridinyl phosphoramides, 1-aziridinylbis(dimethylamino)phosphine oxide (11) and bis(1-aziridinyl)(dimethylamino)phosphine oxide (16), in aqueous acetic acid proceeded by an initial aziridine ring opening to give 2-hydroxyethyl phosphoramides 12 and 17, respectively.These intermediates rapidly cyclized to an oxazaphospholidine ring structure 13 or 18, with the subsequent loss of dimethylamine or aziridine.Analysis of ongoing hydrolysis showed that 13 underwent cleavage of the ring P-N bond to give 14, which hydrolyzed further to yield 15 (2-aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate) as a final product.Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and infrared data to support this hydrolytic pathway for 11 and 16 are presented and discussed.NMR and HPLC data for the observed hydrolysis of tepa (tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine oxide, 1) are also presented and suggest that an analogous reaction mechanism occurs in the acid hydrolysis of tepa and related compounds.

Proton affinities and photoelectron spectra have been measured for azirane, phosphorane, oxirane, and thiirane and for the corresponding dimethylamine, phosphine, ether, and sulphide.The photoelectron spectra have been fully assigned by the use of ab initio STO-431G calculations and structural correlations within these series of molecules.The lone-pair ionization potentials of the heterocycles are higher than those of their open-chain dimethyl analogues because of charge redistribution effects in the C-X bonds and increased lone-pair's character in azirane and phosphirane.The proton affinities are lower in the heterocycles than in their dimethyl analogues as a result of increases in lone-pair's character and, especially for phosphirane, an increase in the RXR angle strain on protonation.Ab initio calculations on the protonated heterocycles and XHn models are presented to help interpret the proton-affinity data.