- Rational Design of 2-Chloroadenine Derivatives as Highly Selective Phosphodiesterase 8A Inhibitors
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To validate the hypothesis that Tyr748 is a crucial residue to aid the discovery of highly selective phosphodiesterase 8A (PDE8A) inhibitors, we identified a series of 2-chloroadenine derivatives based on the hit clofarabine. Structure-based design targeting Tyr748 in PDE8 resulted in the lead compound 3a (IC50 = 0.010 μM) with high selectivity with a reasonable druglike profile. In the X-ray crystal structure, 3a bound to PDE8A with a different mode from 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (a pan-PDE inhibitor) and gave a H-bond of 2.7 ? with Tyr748, which possibly interprets the 220-fold selectivity of 3a against PDE2A. Additionally, oral administration of compound 3a achieved remarkable therapeutic effects against vascular dementia (VaD), indicating that PDE8 inhibitors could serve as potential anti-VaD agents.
- Huang, Yadan,Wu, Xu-Nian,Zhou, Qian,Wu, Yinuo,Zheng, Dongxiao,Li, Zhe,Guo, Lei,Luo, Hai-Bin
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Read Online
- DINUCLEATING LIGAND OR DINUCLEAR METAL COMPLEX
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To provide a dinuclear metal complex that can be synthesized simply and easily and has a proper anticancer action.SOLUTION: The present disclosure provides a dinucleating ligand represented by the following formula (I) and a dinuclear metal complex thereof (where each X may be the same or different to represent H, Cl, OMe, or, Me, Y is H, a phenyl group, a substituted carbamoyl group or the like).SELECTED DRAWING: None
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- Peptidomimetic Vinyl Heterocyclic Inhibitors of Cruzain Effect Antitrypanosomal Activity
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Cruzain, an essential cysteine protease of the parasitic protozoan, Trypanosoma cruzi, is an important drug target for Chagas disease. We describe here a new series of reversible but time-dependent inhibitors of cruzain, composed of a dipeptide scaffold appended to vinyl heterocycles meant to provide replacements for the irreversible reactive "warheads" of vinyl sulfone inactivators of cruzain. Peptidomimetic vinyl heterocyclic inhibitors (PVHIs) containing Cbz-Phe-Phe/homoPhe scaffolds with vinyl-2-pyrimidine, vinyl-2-pyridine, and vinyl-2-(N-methyl)-pyridine groups conferred reversible, time-dependent inhibition of cruzain (Ki? = 0.1-0.4 μM). These cruzain inhibitors exhibited moderate to excellent selectivity versus human cathepsins B, L, and S and showed no apparent toxicity to human cells but were effective in cell cultures of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (EC50 = 1-15 μM) and eliminated T. cruzi in infected murine cardiomyoblasts (EC50 = 5-8 μM). PVHIs represent a new class of cruzain inhibitors that could progress to viable candidate compounds to treat Chagas disease and human sleeping sickness.
- Chenna, Bala C.,Li, Linfeng,Mellott, Drake M.,Zhai, Xiang,Siqueira-Neto, Jair L.,Calvet Alvarez, Claudia,Bernatchez, Jean A.,Desormeaux, Emily,Alvarez Hernandez, Elizabeth,Gomez, Jana,McKerrow, James H.,Cruz-Reyes, Jorge,Meek, Thomas D.
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p. 3298 - 3316
(2020/04/08)
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- IRIDIUM-BASED CATALYSTS FOR HIGHLY EFFICIENT DEHYDROGENATION AND HYDROGENATION REACTIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF
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A series of iridium-based catalysts for dehydrogenation of formic acid, and hydrogenation using formic acid as the hydrogen source, and the process using the catalyst(s) to produce hydrogen gas from formic acid solution, or to reduce aldehydes using formic acid, are disclosed and claimed. More specifically, the present invention relates to a group of pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) iridium complexes with different Ν,Ν-bidentate ligands that catalyze dehydrogenation from formic acid, and chemo-selective hydrogenation of aldehydes, in the aqueous solution system in a highly efficient, and long life-time manner.
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Page/Page column 13; 17
(2018/11/22)
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- Manganese-Based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Liver Tumors: Structure-Activity Relationships and Lead Candidate Evaluation
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Gd-based MRI contrast agents (GBCAs) have come under intense regulatory scrutiny due to concerns of Gd retention and delayed toxicity. Three GBCAs comprising acyclic Gd chelates, the class of GBCA most prone to Gd release, are no longer marketed in Europe
- Wang, Junfeng,Wang, Huan,Ramsay, Ian A.,Erstad, Derek J.,Fuchs, Bryan C.,Tanabe, Kenneth K.,Caravan, Peter,Gale, Eric M.
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p. 8811 - 8824
(2018/10/09)
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- Iridium-catalyzed highly efficient chemoselective reduction of aldehydes in water using formic acid as the hydrogen source
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A water-soluble highly efficient iridium catalyst is developed for the chemoselective reduction of aldehydes to alcohols in water. The reduction uses formic acid as the traceless reducing agent and water as a solvent. It can be carried out in air without the need for inert atmosphere protection. The products can be purified by simple extraction without any column chromatography. The catalyst loading can be as low as 0.005 mol% and the turn-over frequency (TOF) is as high as 73 800 mol mol-1 h-1. A wide variety of functional groups, such as electron-rich or deficient (hetero)arenes and alkenes, alkyloxy groups, halogens, phenols, ketones, esters, carboxylic acids, cyano, and nitro groups, are all well tolerated, indicating excellent chemoselectivity.
- Yang, Zhanhui,Zhu, Zhongpeng,Luo, Renshi,Qiu, Xiang,Liu, Ji-Tian,Yang, Jing-Kui,Tang, Weiping
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supporting information
p. 3296 - 3301
(2017/07/28)
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- NOVEL MORPHOLINE DERIVATIVE OR SALT THEREOF
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There is provided a morpholine derivative represented by General Formula [1A] or a salt thereof. (In the formula, a ring A represents a ring represented by General Formula [I]; * represents a bonding position; Z2 represents CH or the like; Z1 represents CR6 or the like; R6 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; X1 represents CHR7 or the like; R7 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; X2 represents CH2 or the like; R1 and R2 are the same as or different from each other, and each of R1 and R2 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R3, R4, and R5 are the same as or different from each other, and each of R3, R4, and R5 represents a hydrogen atom, NRaRb, or the like; and each of Ra and Rb represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-8 alkyl group which may have a substituent, or the like.)
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- Design of coordination interaction of Zn(II) complex with oligo-aspartate peptide to afford a high-affinity tag-probe pair
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A complementary recognition pair consisting of a genetically encodable peptide tag and a small molecular probe isa powerful tool to specifically label and manipulate a protein ofinterest under biological conditions. In this study, we report the redesign of a tag-probe pair comprising an oligo-aspartate peptide tag (such as DDDD) and a binuclear zinc complex. Isothermal-titration calorimetry screening of binding between the series of peptides and zinc complexes revealed that the binding affinity was largely influenced by subtle changes of the ligand structure of the probe. However, the binding was tolerant to differences of the tag peptide sequence. Of those tested, a pair containing a peptide tag (DDAADD) and a binuclear zinc complex possessing 4-chloropyridines (3-2Zn(II)) showed the strongest binding affinity (Ka = 3.88 × 105 M-1), which was about 10-fold larger than the conventional pair of D4-peptide tag (DDDD) and 1-2Zn(II) containing nonsubstituted pyridines (Ka = 3.73 × 104 M-1). The strong binding of this new complementary recognition pair enabled the rapid covalent labeling of a tag-fused maltose binding protein with a fluorescent zinc complex, demonstrating its potential utility in protein analysis.
- Fuchida, Hirokazu,Tabata, Shigekazu,Shindo, Naoya,Takashima, Ippei,Leng, Qiao,Hatsuyama, Yuji,Hamachi, Itaru,Ojida, Akio
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p. 784 - 791
(2015/06/25)
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- C-H bond oxidation catalyzed by an imine-based iron complex: A mechanistic insight
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A family of imine-based nonheme iron(II) complexes (LX)2Fe(OTf)2 has been prepared, characterized, and employed as C-H oxidation catalysts. Ligands LX (X = 1, 2, 3, and 4) stand for tridentate imine ligands resulting from spontaneous condensation of 2-pycolyl-amine and 4-substituted-2-picolyl aldehydes. Fast and quantitative formation of the complex occurs just upon mixing aldehyde, amine, and Fe(OTf)2 in a 2:2:1 ratio in acetonitrile solution. The solid-state structures of (L1)2Fe(OTf)(ClO4) and (L3)2Fe(OTf)2 are reported, showing a low-spin octahedral iron center, with the ligands arranged in a meridional fashion. 1H NMR analyses indicate that the solid-state structure and spin state is retained in solution. These analyses also show the presence of an amine-imine tautomeric equilibrium. (LX)2Fe(OTf)2 efficiently catalyze the oxidation of alkyl C-H bonds employing H2O2 as a terminal oxidant. Manipulation of the electronic properties of the imine ligand has only a minor impact on efficiency and selectivity of the oxidative process. A mechanistic study is presented, providing evidence that C-H oxidations are metal-based. Reactions occur with stereoretention at the hydroxylated carbon and selectively at tertiary over secondary C-H bonds. Isotopic labeling analyses show that H2O2 is the dominant origin of the oxygen atoms inserted in the oxygenated product. Experimental evidence is provided that reactions involve initial oxidation of the complexes to the ferric state, and it is proposed that a ligand arm dissociates to enable hydrogen peroxide binding and activation. Selectivity patterns and isotopic labeling studies strongly suggest that activation of hydrogen peroxide occurs by heterolytic O-O cleavage, without the assistance of a cis-binding water or alkyl carboxylic acid. The sum of these observations provides sound evidence that controlled activation of H2O2 at (LX)2Fe(OTf)2 differs from that occurring in biomimetic iron catalysts described to date.
- Olivo, Giorgio,Nardi, Martina,Vìdal, Diego,Barbieri, Alessia,Lapi, Andrea,Gómez, Laura,Lanzalunga, Osvaldo,Costas, Miquel,Di Stefano, Stefano
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p. 10141 - 10152
(2015/11/16)
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- Substituent effects on the catalytic activity of bipyrrolidine-based iron complexes
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The catalytic activity and the selectivity of the new bipyrrolidine-based Fe(II) complexes 2·Fe(OTf)2 and 3·Fe(OTf)2 in the oxidation of a series of alkyl and alkenyl hydrocarbons as well as of an aromatic sulfide with H2O2 were tested and compared with the catalytic efficiency of White's parent complex 1·Fe(OTf)2 in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the reaction to electronic effects.
- Olivo, Giorgio,Lanzalunga, Osvaldo,Mandolini, Luigi,Di Stefano, Stefano
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p. 11508 - 11512
(2013/12/04)
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- Tuning of the properties of transition-metal bispidine complexes by variation of the basicity of the aromatic donor groups
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Bispidines (3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes) as very rigid and highly preorganized ligands find broad application in the field of coordination chemistry, and the redox potentials of their transition-metal complexes are of importance in oxidation reactions by high-valent iron complexes, aziridination catalyzed by copper complexes, and imaging by 64Cu positron emission tomography tracers. Here, we show that the redox potentials and stability constants of the copper(II) complexes of 15 tetradentate bispidines can be varied by substitution of the pyridine rings (variation of the redox potential over ca. 450 mV and of the complex stability over approximately 10 log units). It is also shown that these variations are predictable by the pKa values of the pyridine groups as well as by the Hammett parameters of the substituents, and the density functional theory based energy decomposition analysis also allows one to accurately predict the redox potentials and concomitant complex stability. It is shown that the main contribution emerges from the electrostatic interaction energy, and the partial charges of the pyridine donor groups therefore also correlate with the redox potentials.
- Comba, Peter,Morgen, Michael,Wadepohl, Hubert
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p. 6481 - 6501
(2013/07/19)
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- PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS MODULATORS OF FGFR ACTIVITY
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There is provided pyrimidine compounds of formula 1: or pharmaceutical salts thereof. There is al so provided processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, a process for preparing the pharmaceutical compositions, and their use in therapy, for exampl e in the treatment of proliferative disease such as cancer and particular ly in disease mediated by a FGFR inhibitory effect.
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Page/Page column 54
(2009/06/27)
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- Chiral amine-imine ligands based on trans-2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidines and their application in the palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation
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A series of amine-imine bidentate ligands based on a trans-2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidine and pyridine moieties have been prepared. The use of these ligands in the palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation reaction of rac-(E)-1,3-diphenylprop-2-enyl acetate is reported. The results suggest that these ligands are good catalyst precursors for the reaction. Electronic modification on the pyridine ring of the ligands does not have a significant effect on the enantioselectivity of the reaction but does on the reaction rate, while structural modification on either the pyridine or the pyrrolidine moiety affords dramatic changes on the outcome of the stereochemistry. Evidence from various studies suggested that during the palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation reaction, nucleophilic attack onto the 1,3-diphenylallyl moiety in the transition state occurs mainly trans to the pyridine ring of the less stable conformation of the palladium complexes.
- Chen, Hongfeng,Sweet, James A.,Lam, Kin-Chung,Rheingold, Arnold L.,McGrath, Dominic V.
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scheme or table
p. 1672 - 1682
(2009/12/04)
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- Quinazoline compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
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The use of a compound of formula (I) or a salt, ester or amide thereof; where X is O, or S, S(O) or S(O)2, NH or NR8 where R8 is hydrogen or C1-6alkyl; Ra is a 3-quinoline group or a group of sub-formula (i) where R5, R6 and R7 are various specific organic groups, in the preparation of a medicament for use in the inhibtion of aurora 2 kinase. Novel compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutical compositions useful in the treatment of cancer are also described and claimed.
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Page/Page column 45
(2008/06/13)
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- Resonance Raman investigation of equatorial ligand donor effects on the CU2O22+ core in end-on and side-on μ-peroxo-dicopper(II) and bis-μ-oxo-dicopper(III) complexes
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The effect of endogenous donor strength on CU2O2 bonds was studied by electronically perturbing [{(R-TMPA)CuII}2(O2)]2+ and [{(R-MePY2)Cu}2(O2)]2+ (R = H, MeO, Me2N), which form the end-on μ-1,2 bound peroxide and an equilibrium mixture of side-on peroxo- dicopper(II) and bis-μ-oxo-dicopper(III) isomers, respectively. For [{(R-TMPA)CUII}2(O2)]2+, vo-o shifts from 827 to 822 to 812 cm-1 and VCu-O(sym) shifts from 561 to 557 to 551 cm-1, respectively, as R- varies from H to MeO to Me2N. Thus, increasing the N-donor strength to the copper decreases peroxide π*σ donation to the copper, weakening the Cu-O and O-O bonds. A decrease in vCu-O of the bis-μ-oxo- dicopper(III) complex was also observed with increasing N-donor strength for the R-MePY2 ligand system. However, no change was observed for vO-O of the side-on peroxo. This is attributed to a reduced charge donation from the peroxide π*σ orbital with increased N-donor strength, which increases the negative charge on the peroxide and adversely affects the back-bonding from the Cu to the peroxide σ*orbital. However, an increase in the bis-μ-oxo-dicopper(III) isomer relative to side-on peroxo-dicopper(II) species is observed for R-MePY2 with R = H 2N. This effect is attributed to the thermodynamic stabilization of the bis-μ-oxo-dicopper(III) isomer relative to the side-on peroxo-dicopper(II) isomer by strong donor ligands. Thus, the side-on peroxo-dicopper(II)/bis-μ-oxo-dicopper(III) equilibrium can be controlled by electronic as well as steric effects.
- Henson, Mark J.,Vance, Michael A.,Zhang, Christiana Xin,Hong-Chang, Liang,Karlin, Kenneth D.,Solomon, Edward I.
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p. 5186 - 5192
(2007/10/03)
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- Superoxide dismutase activity of iron(II)TPEN complex and its derivatives
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Superoxide is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion injury and carcinogenesis. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) catalyze the disproportionation reaction of superoxide to produce oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, and can protect living cells against the toxicity of free radicals derived from oxygen. Thus, SODs and their functional mimics have potential value as pharmaceuticals. We have previously reported that Fe(II)tetrakis-N,N,N',N'-(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (Fe(II)TPEN) has an excellent SOD activity (IC50=0.5 μM) among many iron complexes examined (J. Biol. Chem., 264, 9243-9249 (1989)). Fe(II)TPEN can act like native SOD in living cells, and protect Escherichia coli cells from free radical toxicity caused by paraquat. In order to develop more effective SOD functional mimics, we synthesized Fe(II)TPEN derivatives with electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups at the 4-position of all pyridines of TPEN, and measured the SOD activities and the redox potentials of these complexes. Fe(II) tetrakis-N,N,N',N'-(4-methoxy-2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (Fe(II)(4MeO)4TPEN) had the highest SOD activity (IC50=0.1 μM) among these iron-based SOD mimics. In addition, a good correlation was found between the redox potential and the SOD activity of 15 Fe(II) complexes, including iron-based SOD mimics reported in the previous paper (J. Organometal. Chem., in press). Iron-based SOD mimics may be clinically applicable, because these complexes are generally tissue-permeable and show low toxicity. Therefore our findings should be significant for the development of clinically useful SOD mimics.
- Tamura,Urano,Kikuchi,Higuchi,Hirobe,Nagano
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p. 1514 - 1518
(2007/10/03)
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- PYRAZOLES AS HUMAN NON-PANCREATIC SECRETORY PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 INHIBITORS
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A class of novel pyrazoles is disclosed together with the use of such compounds for inhibiting sPLA2 mediated release of fatty acids for treatment of conditions such as septic shock
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- Structure-activity relationship of 2-[[(2-Pyridyl)methyl]thio]-1H- benzimidazoles as anti Helicobacter pylori agents in vitro and evaluation of their in vivo efficacy
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A relationship between the structure of 21 2-[[(2-pyridyl)methyl]thio]- 1H-benzimidazoles (6) and their anti Helicobacter pylori activity expressed as minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values is described. Observed MBCs ranged from 256 to 1 μg/mL. The structure - activity relationship (SAR) showed that larger and more lipophilic compounds, especially compounds with such substituents in the 4-position of the pyridyl moiety, generally had lower MBC values. Four new compounds 'that were predicted to be potent by the established SAR model were synthesized and tested. One such compound, i.e., 2-[[(4-[(cyclopropylmethyl)oxy]3-methyl-2-pyridyl)methyl]thio]-1H- benzimidazole (18), was tested for in vivo efficacy in a mouse Helicobacter felis model (125 μmol/kg bid given orally for 4 days, n = 4). Unfortunately, antibacterial activity could not be clearly demonstrated in this model. Instead a potent acid secretion inhibition was observed. This finding was attributed to the methylthio compound being oxidized to the corresponding methyl sulfinyl derivative, i.e., a proton pump inhibitor, in vivo. Although the antibacterial activity had the potential of decreasing H. felis cell counts in vivo the proton pump inhibitory effect became dominant and actually promoted H. felis cell growth. Hence, we conclude that the antibacterial utility of the 2-[[(2-pyridyl)methyl]thio]1H-benzimidazoles (6) as a compound class is compromised by their propensity to become proton pump inhibitors upon metabolic oxidation in vivo.
- Kühler, Thomas C.,Swanson, Marianne,Shcherbuchin, Vladimir,Larsson, H?kan,Mellg?rd, Bj?rn,Sj?str?m, Jan-Eric
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p. 1777 - 1788
(2007/10/03)
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- Aniline derivatives
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The invention concerns aniline derivatives of formula I STR1 wherein m is 1, 2 or 3, n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, Q is phenyl or naphthyl or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl moiety containing 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, and X, R1 and R2 are defined in the claims; or pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and the methods of using the compounds as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and for the treatment of proliferative diseases such as cancer.
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- Pyrazoles as human non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2 inhibitors
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A class of novel pyrazoles is disclosed together with the use of such compounds for inhibiting sPLA2mediated release of fatty acids for treatment of conditions such as septic shock.
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- Structure-activity relationship of omeprazole and analogues as Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitors
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Helicobacter pylori urease belongs to a family of highly conserved urea- hydrolyzing enzymes. A common feature of these enzymes is the presence of two Lewis acid nickel ions and a reactive cysteine residue in the active site. The H+/K+-ATPase inhibitor omeprazole is a prodrug of a sulfenamide which covalently modifies cysteine residues on the luminal side of the H+/K+- ATPase of gastric parietal cells. Omeprazole and eight analogues were selected based on their chemical, electronic, and kinetic properties, and each was incubated with viable H. pylori in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.4 for 30 min, after which 100 mM urea was added and the amount of ammonia formed analyzed after a further 10 min. Inhibition between 0% and 100% at a 0.1 mM concentration was observed for the different analogues and could be expressed as a function of the pK(a)-value of the pyridine, the pK(a)-value of the benzimidazole, the overall lipophilicity, and, most importantly, the rate of sulfenamide formation, in a quantitative structure-activity relationship. The inhibition was potentiated by a lower pH (favoring the formation of the sulfenamide) but abolished in the presence of β- mercaptoethanol (a scavenger of the sulfenamide). Structural analogues incapable of yielding the sulfenamide did not inhibit ammonia production. Treatment of Helicobacter felis-infected mice with 230 μmol/kg flurofamide b.i.d. for 4 weeks, known to potently inhibit urease activity in vivo, as a means of eradicating the infection, was tested and compared with the effect of 125 μmol/kg omeprazole b.i.d. for 4 weeks. Neither treatment proved efficacious.
- Kuhler,Fryklund,Bergman,Weilitz,Lee,Larsson
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p. 4906 - 4916
(2007/10/03)
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- (H+,K+)-ATPase inhibiting 2-[(2-pyridylmethyl)sulfinyl]benzimidazoles. 4. A novel series of dimethoxypyridyl-substituted inhibitors with enhanced selectivity. The selection of pantoprazole as a clinical candidate
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[(Pyridylmethyl)sulfinyl]benzimidazoles 1 (PSBs) are a class of highly potent antisecretory (H+,K+)-ATPase inhibitors which need to be activated by acid to form their active principle, the cyclic sulfenamide 4. Selective inhibitors of the (H+,K+)-ATPase in vivo give rise to the nonselective thiophile 4 solely at low pH, thus avoiding interaction with other thiol groups in the body. The propensity to undergo the acid-catalyzed transformation is dependent on the nucleophilic/electrophilic properties of the functional groups involved in the formation of 2 since this step is both rate-determining and pH-dependent. The aim of this study was to identify compounds with high (H+,K+)-ATPase inhibitory activity in stimulated gastric glands possessing acidic pH, but low reactivity (high chemical stability) at neutral pH as reflected by in vitro (Na+,K+)-ATPase inhibitory activity. The critical influence of substituents flanking the pyridine 4-methoxy substituent present in all derivatives was carefully studied. The introduction of a 3-methoxy group gave inhibitors possessing a combination of high potency, similar to omeprazole and lansoprazole, but increased stability. As a result of these studies, compound 1a (INN pantoprazole) was selected as a candidate drug and is currently undergoing phase III clinical studies.
- Kohl,Sturm,Senn-Bilfinger,Simon,Kruger,Schaefer,Rainer,Figala,Klemm
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p. 1049 - 1057
(2007/10/02)
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- 2--1H-thienoimidazoles. A Novel Class of Gastric H+/K+-ATPase Inhibitors
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2-thienoimidazoles were synthesized and investigated as potential inhibitors of gastric H+/K+-ATPase.The isomers of the two possible thienoimidazole series were found to be potent inhibitors of gastric acid secretion in vitro and in vivo.Structure-activity relationships indicate that especially lipophilic alkoxy, benzyloxy, and phenoxy substituents with additional electron-demanding properties in the 4-position of the pyridine moiety combined with an unsubstituted thienoimidazole lead to highly active compounds with a favorable chemical stability.Various substitution patterns in the thienoimidazole moiety result in lower biological activity.The heptafluorobutyloxy derivative saviprazole (HOE 731, 5d) was selected for further development and is currently undergoing clinical evaluation.Comprehensive pharmacological studies indicate a pharmacodynamic profile different to omeprazole, the first H+/K+-ATPase blocker introduced on the market.
- Weidmann, Klaus,Herling, Andreas W.,Lang, Hans-Jochen,Scheunemann, Karl-Heinz,Rippel, Robert,et al.
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p. 438 - 450
(2007/10/02)
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- Substituted tetralins, chromans and related compounds in the treatment of asthma, arthritis and related diseases
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Substituted tetralins, chromans and related compounds which, by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase enzyme and/or blocking leukotriene receptors, are useful in the prevention or treatment of asthma, arthritis, psoriasis, ulcers, myocardial infarction and related disease states in mammals, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, a method of treatment therewith, and to intermediates useful in the synthesis thereof.
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- AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE MONO-HYDROXYMETHYLATION OF PYRIDINES. A MODIFICATION OF THE MINISCI PROCEDURE
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The reaction of N-methoxy-derivatives of pyridines in methanol with ammonium persulphate gives improved yields of mono-hydroxymethylated products.In contrast to the original Minisci procedure the reaction requires only catalytic amounts of ammonium persulphate.Evidence is presented which establishes that the reaction does not proceed via an intramolecular pathway.
- Katz, R B,Mistry, J,Mitchell, M B
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p. 317 - 326
(2007/10/02)
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- Fluoroalkoxy substituted benzimidazoles useful as gastric acid secretion inhibitors
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Fluoroalkoxy compounds of the general formula I STR1 wherein R1 represents a 1-3C-alkyl radical which is completely or predominantly substituted by fluorine, or a chlorodifluoromethyl radical, R1' represents hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, a 1-3C-alkyl radical, or a 1-3C-alkoxy radical which is optionally completely or predominantly substituted by fluorine, R2 represents hydrogen or a 1-3C-alkyl radical, R3 represents hydrogen or a 1-3C-alkyl or 1-3C-alkoxy radical, R4 represents hydrogen or a 1-3C-alkyl radical and n represents the number 0 or 1, and their salts are new compounds with a marked protective effect on the stomach.
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- Animal growth promotant L-pyroglutamyl-pyridylalanyl-L-prolinamides
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L-pyroglutamyl-pyridylalanyl-L-prolinamides of the formula: STR1 wherein R1 is H, C1 -C6 alkyl, C3 -C7 cycloalkyl, C2 -C8 alkoxyalkyl or aryl; and X is H, halo, C1 -C4 alkyl or C1 -C4 alkoxy; and their physiologically acceptable salts and feed compositions thereof are useful for improving the efficiency of feed utilization and/or growth of animals especially poultry.
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