- Trans -chloro(1-naphthyl)bis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II)/PCy3 catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl and heteroaryl neopentylglycolboronates with aryl and heteroaryl mesylates and sulfamates at room temperature
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trans-Chloro(1-naphthyl)bis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II) complex/PCy 3 system has been successfully applied as catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of aryl and heteroaryl neopentylglycolboronates with aryl and heteroaryl mesylates and sulfamates in THF at room temperature. This cross-coupling reaction tolerates various functional groups, including keto, imino, ester, ether, and cyano. Together with the nickel-catalyzed, one-pot, two-step neopentylglycolborylation, this bench stable and inexpensive Ni(II)-based catalyst can be utilized as an alternative to Ni(COD) 2/PCy3 to provide an inexpensive, robust, and convenient synthesis of biaryl and heterobiaryl compounds.
- Leowanawat, Pawaret,Zhang, Na,Safi, Mehtap,Hoffman, David J.,Fryberger, Miriam C.,George, Aiswaria,Percec, Virgil
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experimental part
p. 2885 - 2892
(2012/05/04)
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- PHOSPHORUS-CONTAINING THYROID HORMONE RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND METHODS OF USE
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The present invention relates to sulfonic acid containing compounds that bind to thyroid receptors in the liver. Activation of these receptors results in modulation of gene expression of genes regulated by thyroid hormones. The compounds can be used to treat diseases and disorders including metabolic diseases such as NASH, hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia, as well as associated conditions such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, impaired glucose tolerance, and metabolic syndrome X.
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Page/Page column 110
(2011/04/24)
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- [Pd(Cl)2(P(NC5H10)(C6H 11)2)2] - A highly effective and extremely versatile palladium-based negishi catalyst that efficiently and reliably operates at low catalyst loadings
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[Pd(Cl)2(P(NC5H10)-(C6H 11)2]2] (1) has been prepared in quantitative yield by reacting commercially available [Pd(cod)(Cl)2] (cod = cyclooctadiene) with readily prepared 1-(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)piperidine in toluene under N2 within a few minutes at room temperature. Complex 1 has proved to be an excellent Negishi catalyst, capable of quantitatively coupling a wide variety of electronically activated, non-activated, deactivated, sterically hindered, heterocyclic, and functionalized aryl bromides with various (also heterocyclic) arylzinc reagents, typically within a few minutes at 100°C in the presence of just 0.01 mol% of catalyst. Aryl bromides containing nitro, nitrile, ether, ester, hydroxy, carbonyl, and carboxyl groups, as well as acetais, lactones, amides, anilines, alkenes, carboxylic acids, acetic acids, and pyridines and pyrimidines, have been successfully used as coupling partners. Furthermore, electronic and steric variations are tolerated in both reaction partners. Experimental observations strongly indicate that a molecular mechanism is operative.
- Bolliger, Jeanne L.,Frech, Christian M.
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experimental part
p. 11072 - 11081
(2010/11/16)
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- Dichloro-bis(aminophosphine) complexes of palladium: Highly convenient, reliable and extremely active suzuki-miyaura catalysts with excellent functional group tolerance
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Dichloro-bis(aminophosphine) complexes are stable depot forms of palladium nanoparticles and have proved to be excellent SuzukiMiyaura catalysts. Simple modifications of the ligand (and/or the addition of water to the reaction mixture) have allowed their formation to be controlled. Dichlorobis[1- (dicyclohexylphosphany1)piperidine]palladium (3), the most active catalyst of the investigated systems, is a highly convenient, reliable, and extremely active Suzuki catalyst with excellent functional group tolerance that enables the quantitative coupling of a wide variety of activated, nonactivated, and deactivated and/or sterically hindered functionalized and heterocyclic aryl and benzyl bromides with only a slight excess (1.1-1.2 equiv) of arylboronic acid at 80°C in the presence of 0.2 mol % of the catalyst in technical grade toluene in flasks open to the air. Conversions of >95% were generally achieved within only a few minutes. The reaction protocol presented herein is universally applicable. Side-products have only rarely been detected. The catalytic activities of the aminophosphine-based systems were found to be dramatically improved compared with their phosphine analogue as a result of significantly faster palladium nanoparticle formation. The decomposition products of the catalysts are dicyclohexylphosphinate, cyclohexylphosphonate, and phosphate, which can easily be separated from the coupling products, a great advantage when compared with non-water-soluble phosphine-based systems.
- Bolliger, Jeanne L.,Frech, Christian M.
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experimental part
p. 4075 - 4081
(2010/08/05)
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- Compositions and methods of inhibiting the binding of E-selectin or P-selectin or sialyl-Lewisx or sialyl-Lewisa
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This invention relates to compounds that inhibit the binding of E-selectin or P-selectin to sialyl-Lewisx or sialyl-Lewisa presented on a cell surface having the general structure: STR1 This invention also relates to methods of inhibiting the binding of E-selectin or P-selectin to sialyl-Lewisx or sialyl-Lewisa presented on a cell surface using said compounds and to pharmaceutically active compositions comprising compounds that inhibit the binding of E-selectin to sialyl-Lewisx and to methods of treatment of septic shock, ARDS, Crohn's disease, chronic inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, and reperfusion injuries that occurs following heart attacks, strokes and organ transplants and to the treatment of cancer.
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