16910-54-6

Basic information

• Product Name: europium(2+)
• CAS NO: 16910-54-6
• Molecular Formula: Eu
• Molecular Weight: 151.9629
• Mol File: 16910-54-6.mol

Chemical Properties

• CAS DataBase Reference: europium(2+)(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: europium(2+)(16910-54-6)
• EPA Substance Registry System: europium(2+)(16910-54-6)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 16910-54-6(Hazardous Substances Data)

Upstream product

• 1333-84-2 aluminum oxide 
• 3252-55-9 europium(III) formate 
• 18534-66-2 vitamin B₁₂s 
• 7732-18-5 water 
• 22541-18-0 europium(III) 
• 7440-66-6 zinc 

Downstream Products

• 22541-18-0 europium(III) 
• 14362-44-8 iodide 

Relevant articles and documents

Reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ by an intense femtosecond laser pulse in solution

Europium 3+ ions in methanol were found to be reduced to the corresponding 2+ ions upon irradiation with intense femtosecond laser pulses. The excitation wavelength of 800 nm was nonresonant with their electronic transitions of Eu3+. It is notable that femtosecond white-light laser was generated when the reactions occurred. The mechanisms can be explained in terms of solvated electron formation followed by the reduction. The electron ejection in a focused beam in solution has been known to be accompanied by white-light laser.

Study on separation of Eu(II) from trivalent rare earths via electro-reduction and ion exchange

Separation of Eu(II) from trivalent rare earths was carried out in 0.01 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid medium. Eu(III) was selectively reduced to Eu(II) at glassy carbon cathode in flow type electrolyzer. For Eu(II) separation strong acid cation exchanger based on sulfonated polystyrene/DVB copolymer impregnated into porous silica beads was used. Breakthrough and chromatography curves were measured. Eu(II) exhibited lower affinity towards the sorbent than trivalent rare earths and therefore it was the first species to breakthrough the column. Excellent separation from middle rare earths was achieved while the separation from heavy rare earths was difficult. The back-oxidation of Eu(II) was a problem despite all the measures that were taken to prevent oxidation by dissolved oxygen and photo-oxidation.

Synthesis and luminescence properties of Eu2+/Ce3+, Ce3+/Tb3+ and Eu2+/Tb3+ co-doped AlONs

Series of Eu2+/Ce3+, Ce3+/Tb3+ and Eu2+/Tb3+ co-doped aluminum oxynitrides Al5O6N were prepared using the standard sol-gel technique with following annealing in the flow of N2. In all the samples Al5O6N is a major phase, just traces of α-Al2O3 and AlN were found for some particular samples with high loading of rare-earth ions. According to pulsed cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence data a non-radiative energy transfer occurs from Ce3+ to Eu2+, from Ce3+ to Tb3+ and from Eu2+ to Tb3+. Also, it was shown that for Eu2+/Ce3+ co-doped Al5O6N the optimal contents of both REE ions are different compared to those for single doped Al5O6N (0.25 at% of Eu2+ and 0.04 at% of Ce3+). In case of Al5O6N:0.4%Tb3+,yCe3+ (y = 0.01…0.08%) the PCL and PL intensities increase in the whole range of Ce3+ content. Finally, for Al5O6N:0.4%Tb3+,yEu2+ (y = 0.1…0.8%) no pronounced dependence of luminescence caused by Tb3+ ions on the Eu2+ content is observed. Concentration quenching of Eu2+ caused luminescence is given at Eu2+ content above 0.3%. The chromaticity coordinates of prepared co-doped AlONs were calculated and three samples were found to give close to white emission.

PAMAM dendrimers functionalized with ruthenium nitrosyl as nitric oxide carriers Metallodendrimers Special Issue

The functionalization of three generations of polyamidoamine (PAMAM G0, G2 and G3) dendrimers with the NO-donor trans-[Ru(NO)(NH3) 4(ina)](BF4)3 (ina = isonicotinic acid) is reported. PAMAMs were modified through a peptide-type bond between the carboxyl group of the ina ligand and the dendrimer superficial amines. Compounds were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, CV, DPV, 1H NMR, ICP-OES, and the structure of the complextrans-[Ru(NO)(NH3)4(ina)](BF 4)(SiF6)·H2O was determined by single crystal X-Ray analysis. The experimental data indicated the immobilization of 4, ～8 and ～27 nitrosyl complexes on the G0, G2 and G3 dendrimer's surface, respectively, which corresponds to ～1.0-1.43 μmol NO per mg of dendrimer. FT-IR, UV-Vis and electrochemical assays suggest that the functionalization of PAMAM did not alter the coordination sphere of the ruthenium nitrosyl complex neither the formal reduction potential of Ru IINO+/RuIINO0 couple regarding to the complex not attached to PAMAM. The NO release in these compounds, through light irradiation (λ = 355 nm) and one-electron reduction (Eu 2+), was investigated.

Activation parameters of the Eu3+/Eu2+ electrode reaction in mixed solvents

The rate constants for the electrochemical reduction of Eu3+ in water-acetone and water-dimethylformamide solvent mixtures with different parts of the organic component were measured in the temperature range 15 °C-40 °C. The activation paramete

Synthesis of Samarium, Europium, and Ytterbium Acetylides

Ethynyl complexes of samarium, europium, and ytterbium were obtained by the reaction of naphthalides of these metals with acetylene in tetrahydrofuran. The complexes were isolated as dark-colored pyrophoric powders. Magnetic data indicate that Sm(II) is oxidized into Sm(III) completely in the course of the reaction, Yb(II) is partially converted into Yb(III), whereas europium retains its initial bivalent state. Hydrolysis of thecompounds obtained yields acetylene, ethylene, ethane, and hydrogen, wh ich indicates the presence of the Ln-C.tplbnd.C-Ln acetylide and the Ln-H hydride groups (Ln=Sm, Eu, and Yb).

Photodecomposition of Europium(III) Acetate and Formate in Aqueous Solutions

The products obtained in the photodecomposition of europium(III) acetate and formate were determined quantitatively under various pH conditions.The two photoprocesses and the subsquent radical reactions have been found to proceed stoichiometrically with a cyclic redox reaction of the Eu3+/Eu2+ couple being the key process.In the acetate system, (1) redox reactions of methyl radical with Eu2+ and Eu3+ aquo ions are supported to occur with formation of methane and methanol, respectively; (2) carboxymethyl radical produced through hydrogen abstraction from acetic acid by the methyl radical probably regenerates acetic acid via the intermediate formed through the radical capture reaction by Eu2+ ion, followed by acidolysis reaction.In the formate system, (1) it was confirmed that the photoprocess is followed by a chain reaction in which carboxyl radicals generated in the primary process and hydrogen atoms produced through reduction by illuminated Eu2+ ion behave as chain carriers; (2) evolution of carbon dioxide gas is mostly ascribed to the disproportionation of carboxyl radical and the reduction of Eu3+ ion by carboxyl radical.In both systems, minor products are formed by redox and disproportionation radical reactions.

Electron transfer. 93. Further reactions of transition-metal-center oxidants with vitamin B12s (Cob(I)alamin)

Vitamin B12, (cob(I)alamin) reduces europium(III), titanium(IV) (TiO(C2O4)22-), and uranium(VI) in aqueous solution. These oxidants undergo one-electron changes, leading in each case to the cobalt product cob(II)alamin (B12r). The reduction of Eu3+, which is inhibited by TES buffer, but not by glycine, is outer sphere. Its limiting specific rate (1 × 102 M-1 s-1), incorporated in the Marcus treatment, yields a B12s,B12r self-exchange rate of 104.8±0.5 M-1 s-1. Reductions of TiO(C2O4)22- are accelerated by H+ and by acetic acid. Kinetic patterns suggest three competing reaction paths involving varying degrees of protonation of the Ti(IV) center or its association with acetic acid. The very rapid reduction of U(VI) (k = 4 × 106 M-1 s-1) yields U(V) in several buffering media, even when B12s is taken in excess. The much slower conversion of U(V) to U(IV), although thermodynamically favored, appears to be retarded by the extensive reorganization of the coordination sphere of oxo-bound U(V) that must accompany its acceptance of an additional electron. The observed specific rate for the B12s-U(VI) reaction is in reasonable agreement, in the framework of the Marcus formalism, with reported values of the formal potential and the self-exchange rate for U(V,VI).