- Monitoring Fluorinated Dendrimer-Based Self-Assembled Drug-Delivery Systems with 19F Magnetic Resonance
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Monitoring a drug-delivery system with an imaging modality is of great importance for detailed understanding of drug-delivery processes and for achieving optimal therapeutic effects. Here, novel fluorinated self-assembled dendrimers with a single 19
- Liu, Xin,Yuan, Yaping,Bo, Shaowei,Li, Yu,Yang, Zhigang,Zhou, Xin,Chen, Shizhen,Jiang, Zhong-Xing
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- Photophysics of Perylene Diimide Dianions and Their Application in Photoredox Catalysis
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The two-electron reduced forms of perylene diimides (PDIs) are luminescent closed-shell species whose photochemical properties seem underexplored. Our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that straightforward (single) excitation of PDI dianions with green
- Li, Han,Wenger, Oliver S.
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supporting information
(2021/12/23)
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- Potential for minimal self-replicating systems in a dynamic combinatorial library of equilibrating imines
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The presence of a self-replicator in a dynamic combinatorial library (DCL) offers function above and beyond libraries under thermodynamic control, moving towards out-of-equilibrium systems which mimic biological networks. In this work, we examine a previously reported DCL based on reversible imine formation to give amphiphilic structures. The amphiphilic imines were readily produced in organic solvents, and were found to aggregate to micelles in water as judged by diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and interferometric scattering microscopy. Unfortunately, the autocatalytic formation of products was not observed in water, and preformed imines slowly hydrolysed to aldehyde and amine components at neutral pD.
- Morrow, Sarah M.,Bissette, Andrew J.,Fletcher, Stephen P.
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supporting information
p. 5005 - 5010
(2017/07/27)
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- Water accessibility to the binding cleft as a major switching factor from entropy-driven to enthalpy-driven binding of an alkyl group by synthetic receptors
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Free energy, enthalpy, and entropy changes in the binding of alkyl pyridines to water-soluble zinc porphyrin receptors with varying accessibility of water to the binding cleft were determined to explain why the driving force of hydrophobic effects is enthalp-ic in some occasions and entropic in others. Zinc porphyrins bearing four alkyl pillars with terminal solubilizing poly(oxyethylene) (POE) chains of molecular weight of 750 (1), with eight alkyl pillars with terminal solubilizing POE chains of molecular weight of 350 (3), and with eight alkyl pillars with POE of molecular weight of 750 (4) had a binding cleft with decreasing water accessibility in this order as revealed by binding selectivity of imidazole/pyridine. Although all these porphyrins showed that the free energy of binding (-ΔG°) increases linearly as the alkyl group of the guest is lengthened (-ΔG° per CH2 was 2.6, 2.8, and 2.6kJmol-1 for 1, 3, and 4, respectively), the origin of the free energy gain was much different. Receptor 1 with the most hydrophilic binding site bound the alkyl group by an enthalpic driving force (4-pentylpyridine favored over 4-methylpyridine by ΔΔH° = -16.4 kJmol-1), while receptor 4 with the most hydrophobic binding site by an entropic driving force (4-pentylpyridine favored over 4-methylpyridine by ΔΔ5° = 39.6 JK-1mol-1). Receptor 3 showed intermediate behavior: both enthalpic and entropic terms drove the binding of the alkyl group with the en-thalpic driving force being dominant. The binding site of the four-pillared receptor (1) is open and accessible to water molecules, and is more hydro-philic than that of the eight-pillared receptor (4). We propose that the alkyl chains of 1 are exposed to water to produce a room to accommodate the guest to result in enthalpy-driven hy-drophobic binding, whereas 4 can accommodate the guest without such structural changes to lead to entropy-driven hydrophobic binding. Therefore, accessibility of water or exposure of the binding site to the water phase switches the driving force of hydropho-bic effects from an entropic force to an enthalpic force. 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
- Matsumoto, Sayaka,Iwamoto, Hiroya,Mizutani, Tadashi
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1163 - 1170
(2011/07/07)
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- Tetraiodopyrrole derivatives as contrast medium and as antiseptic
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The present invention refers to new contrast media particularly suited for X-ray diagnostic procedures of the human and animal body and also to the new compounds of general formulae (I) and (II). STR1
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