- PROCESS FOR PREPARING 2-(1-(tert-BUTOXYCARBONYL)PIPERIDINE-4-YL)BENZOIC ACID
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The invention relates to processes for preparing 2-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-piperidine-4-yl)benzoic acid having formula I: Among its various uses, this compound is useful as an intermediate for preparing ampreloxetine and salts thereof.
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- Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of amixicile-based inhibitors of the pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductases of anaerobic bacteria and Epsilonproteobacte
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Amixicile is a promising derivative of nitazoxanide (an antiparasitic therapeutic) developed to treat systemic infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, anaerobic parasites, and members of the Epsilonproteobacteria (Campylobacter and Helicobacter). Amixicile selectively inhibits pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) and related enzymes by inhibiting the function of the vitamin B1 cofactor (thiamine pyrophosphate) by a novel mechanism. Here, we interrogate the amixicile scaffold, guided by docking simulations, direct PFOR inhibition assays, and MIC tests against Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter jejuni, and Helicobacter pylori. Docking simulations revealed that the nitro group present in nitazoxanide interacts with the protonated N4′-aminopyrimidine of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). The ortho-propylamine on the benzene ring formed an electrostatic interaction with an aspartic acid moiety (B456) of PFOR that correlated with improved PFOR-inhibitory activity and potency by MIC tests. Aryl substitution with electron-withdrawing groups and substitutions of the propylamine with other alkyl amines or nitrogen-containing heterocycles both improved PFOR inhibition and, in many cases, biological activity against C. difficile. Docking simulation results correlate well with mechanistic enzymology and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies that show members of this class of antimicrobials to be specific inhibitors of vitamin B1 function by proton abstraction, which is both novel and likely to limit mutation-based drug resistance.
- Kennedy, Andrew J.,Bruce, Alexandra M.,Gineste, Catherine,Ballard, T. Eric,Olekhnovich, Igor N.,Macdonald, Timothy L.,Hoffman, Paul S.
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supporting information
p. 3980 - 3987
(2016/07/11)
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- Design and synthesis of a new class of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase inhibitors with anti-obesity and anti-diabetic activities
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A new series of thiazole-substituted 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanols were prepared and evaluated as malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD) inhibitors. Key analogs caused dose-dependent decreases in food intake and body weight in obese mice. Acute treatment with these compounds also led to a drop in elevated blood glucose in a murine model of type II diabetes.
- Tang, Haifeng,Yan, Yan,Feng, Zhe,De Jesus, Reynalda K.,Yang, Lihu,Levorse, Dorothy A.,Owens, Karen A.,Akiyama, Taro E.,Bergeron, Raynald,Castriota, Gino A.,Doebber, Thomas W.,Ellsworth, Kenneth P.,Lassman, Michael E.,Li, Cai,Wu, Margaret S.,Zhang, Bei B.,Chapman, Kevin T.,Mills, Sander G.,Berger, Joel P.,Pasternak, Alexander
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scheme or table
p. 6088 - 6092
(2010/11/18)
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