- 2′-fluoronucleosides
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2′-Fluoro-nucleoside compounds are disclosed which are useful in the treatment of hepatitis B infection, hepatitis C infection, HIV and abnormal cellular proliferation, including tumors and cancer. The compounds have the general formulae: wherein Base is a purine or pyrimidine base;R1 is OH, H, OR3, N3, CN, halogen, CF3, lower alkyl, amino, loweralkylamino, di(lower)alkylamino, or alkoxy;R2 is H, phosphate, or a stabilized phosphate prodrug; acyl, or other pharmaceutically acceptable leaving benzyl, a lipid, an amino acid, peptide, or cholesterol; andR3 is acyl, alkyl, phosphate, or other pharmaceutically acceptable leaving group; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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Page/Page column 57
(2015/11/30)
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- Combined dealkoxycarbonylation and lactonisation of unsaturated malonates in ionic liquids
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Heating unsaturated malonates with LiCl and water in [bmim][Br] or [bmim][BF4]/[bmim][Br] produces unsaturated esters or lactones, respectively.
- Oswald, Magalie F.,Parsons, Andrew F.,Yang, Wei,Bowden, Martin
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p. 8087 - 8089
(2007/10/03)
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- VALPROIC ACID ANALOGUES AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS THEREOF
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Analogues of valproic acid useful in treating neuroaffective disorders including convulsions, bipolar disorder, and migraine headache are disclosed. The analogues are halide substituted analogues, cyclic analogues, and conjugated diene analogues of valproic acid. Pharmaceutical compositions or prodrugs containing the analogues or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are disclosed. Methods of making the compounds and treating mammals with neuroaffective disorders are also disclosed.
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- Synthesis and Supramolecular Properties of Conformationally Restricted and Flexible Phospholipids
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Short synthetic routes are described to produce structurally related phospholipids that are either conformationally restricted or flexible. The conformationally restricted structures have a cyclopropyl ring in the interfacial region of the phospholipid. T
- Vares, Lauri,Koulov, Atanas V.,Smith, Bradley D.
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p. 10073 - 10078
(2007/10/03)
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- Utility of the Tandem Pauson-Khand Reaction in the Construction of Tetracycles
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The scope of the tandem Pauson-Khand reaction has been explored for the regiospecific construction of [5.5.5.5]- and [5.6.6.5]tetracyclic systems via the photolytic method of Livinghouse. The rapid regiospecific entry into the two dicyclopentapentanoid systems 17 and 29 was accomplished from the key diene-diynes 11 and 19b. A photochemically mediated catalytic tandem Pauson-Khand cyclization was employed to prepare the parent ring systems of dicyclopenta[a,e]pentalene (from 19b) and dicyclopenta[a,f]pentalene (from 11) in regiospecific fashion in a one-pot process. Under these conditions, conversion of acyclic diene-diyne 16 into tetracyclic system 17 was achieved in 74% yield, while a similar process was employed to convert 28 into tetracycle 29 in 90% yield. This is much improved over the previous conditions that employed NMO. Six carbon-carbon bonds were generated in this process constituting up to 98% yield for each carbon-carbon bond so formed. Furthermore, tetracyclic [5.6.6.5] systems such as dicyclopenta[b,g]decalins 37, 38, and 40 were prepared from similar diene-diyne precursors via the tandem Pauson-Khand cyclization. Importantly, acetal 36 provided the desired cis-fused [5.6.6.5] system 38a (via 40a/b) in stereospecific fashion. This reaction is unique in that it provides a cis-decalin ring system; moreover, the yield of each of the six carbon-carbon bonds formed in this process was at least 89%. The structure of cis diol 38a was confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
- Van Ornum, Scott G.,Bruendl, Michelle M.,Cao, Hui,Reddy, Mundala,Grubisha, Desiree S.,Bennett, Dennis W.,Cook, James M.
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p. 1957 - 1971
(2007/10/03)
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- Generation of four five-membered rings in a one pot process. Studies directed toward the synthesis of dicyclopenta[a,d]pentalene via the tandem Pauson-Khand reaction
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The synthesis of the four five-membered rings of a suitably functionalized parent system 15 of dicyclopenta[a,d]pentalene 2 has been accomplished via a tandem Pauson-Khand reaction in a one pot process.
- Van Ornum, Scott G.,Cook, James M.
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p. 7185 - 7188
(2007/10/03)
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- Practical catalyst for cyclic metathesis. Synthesis of functional and/or enantiopure cycloalkenes
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The oxo-tungsten complex trans-WOCl2(OAr)2 (Ar = 2,6-dibromophenyl) is prepared by reaction of WOCl4 with 2 equiv of 2,6-dibromophenol. A variety of nonconjugated dienes are cleanly cyclized to the corresponding cycloalkenes using 2 mol % of this catalyst in combination with 4 mol % of tetraethyllead. All three components of the catalyst system are commercially available. The catalytic reactions are typically complete in 1 h at 90 °C and allow the synthesis of chiral cycloalkenes with little or no loss in optical activity. For example, (R)-and (5)-citronellene have been cyclized to the corresponding (R)- or (S)-3-methylcyclopentenes in 97% enantiomeric excess. The cyclization is compatible with a variety of functional groups including some ester, amide, and ether derivatives. Tri- (but not tetra-) substituted cycloalkenes could be prepared using this catalyst.
- Nugent, William A.,Feldman, Jerald,Calabrese, Joseph C.
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p. 8992 - 8998
(2007/10/02)
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- New synthesis of 3-cyclopentenecarboxylic acid esters by olefin metathesis
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Olefin metathesis of diallylacetic acid esters is proposed for the synthesis of 3-cyclopentenecarboxylic acid esters.WCl6-organosilicon compounds are used as homogeneous catalysts. - Key words: olefin metathesis, 3-cyclopentenecarboxylic acid esters, homogeneous silicon-containing catalysts.
- Bespalova, N. B.,Bovina, M. A.,Sergeeva, M. B.,Zaikin, V. G.
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p. 1425 - 1426
(2007/10/02)
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- Cobalt mediated cyclisations of epoxy olefins
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Irradiation of solutions of β-hydroxycobaloximes e.g. (2), (5), (9) and (13) derived from epoxy olefins [e.g. (1), (8) and (12)] and cobalt(I) dimethylglyoxime, using a sunlamp at room temperature, leads to facile cyclisation producing cycloalkanols e.g. (4), (6), (10) and (14). By contrast, only the products viz (3), (7) and (11) of dehydrocobaltation are produced when the same β-hydroxycobaloximes are heated under reflux in benzene.
- Harrowven,Pattenden
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p. 243 - 246
(2007/10/02)
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- Synthesis of 2,3-Secopyrethroids
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Some 2,3-secopyrethroids, viz. 3-phenoxybenzyl 2-alkyl-5-methylhex-4-enoates and 2-alkylpent-4-enoates (VI a-l) have been synthesized starting from diethyl malonate, employing simple reactions like alkylation, decarboethoxylation and transesterification.These esters exhibit insecticidal activity against musca domestica and adult Aedes aegyptii.
- Randad, R. S.,Kulkarni, G. H.
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p. 1085 - 1087
(2007/10/02)
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- A new synthesis of 2,10,11-trioxatricyclo1,6>tetradecane
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A simple and convenient synthesis of tricyclic orthoester 1 (2,10,11-trioxatricyclo1,6>tetradecane) is described
- Beaulieu, Normand,Deslongchamps, Pierre
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p. 875 - 877
(2007/10/02)
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