- Regioselectivity control in Diels-Alder reactions of surfactant 1,3- dienes with surfactant dienophiles
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The ability of surfactant aggregate-H2O interfaces to control the regioselectivity of Diels-Alder reactions has been investigated. Cycloadditions of surfactant 1,3-dienes 2-[[3-(dimethyldodecylsilyl)-1,3- butadien-2-yl]thio]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-ethanaminium iodide (1a) and 6-[[3- (dimethyloctylsilyl)-1,3-butadien-2-yl]thio]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-hexanaminium iodide (1b) with surfactant dienophiles (E)-2-[[[2- (dodecoxycarbonyl)ethenyl]carbonyl]oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-ethanaminium iodide (2a) and (E)-6-[[[2-(octoxycarbonyl)ethenyl]carbonyl]oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1- hexanaminium bromide (2b) within their aqueous mixed micelles have been performed at 25(35) °C. The cycloaddition of 1a and 2a gave a 30:1 ratio of trans-1-[(2-trimethylammonio)ethylthio]-2-(dimethyldodecylsilyl)-4- (dodecoxycarbonyl)-5-[(2-trimethylammonio)ethoxycarbonyl]-1-cyclohexene dihalide (15a) and trans-1-[(2-trimethylammonio)ethylthio]-2- (dimethyldodecylsilyl)-4-[(2-trimethylammonio)ethoxycarbonyl]-5- (dodecoxycarbonyl)-1-cyclohexene dihalide (16a), respectively, and that of 1b and 2b a 6.6:1 ratio of trans-1-[(6-trimethylammonio)hexylthio]-2- (dimethyloctylsilyl)-4-(octoxycarbonyl)-5-[6- (trimethylammonio)hexoxycarbonyl]-1-cyclohexene dihalide (15b) and trans-1- [(6-trimethylammonio)hexylthio]-2-(dimethyloctylsilyl)-4-[6- (trimethylammonio)hexoxycarbonyl]-5-(octoxycarbonyl)-1-cyclohexene dihalide (16b), respectively. The excess of 15 over 16 is consistent with the reaction of 1 and 2 within mixed aggregates in their preferred orientations at the aggregate-H2O interface. The greater regioselectivity obtained in the reaction of 1a and 2a is ascribed to the shorter tether between their reactive functional groups and quaternary ammonium headgroups. A monolayer study of 15a and 16a was also performed.
- Jaeger, David A.,Su, Dan,Zafar, Abdullah,Piknova, Barbora,Hall, Stephen B.
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Read Online
- Catalytic Hydrogenation of Thioesters, Thiocarbamates, and Thioamides
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Direct hydrogenation of thioesters with H2 provides a facile and waste-free method to access alcohols and thiols. However, no report of this reaction is documented, possibly because of the incompatibility of the generated thiol with typical hydrogenation catalysts. Here, we report an efficient and selective hydrogenation of thioesters. The reaction is catalyzed by an acridine-based ruthenium complex without additives. Various thioesters were fully hydrogenated to the corresponding alcohols and thiols with excellent tolerance for amide, ester, and carboxylic acid groups. Thiocarbamates and thioamides also undergo hydrogenation under similar conditions, substantially extending the application of hydrogenation of organosulfur compounds.
- Luo, Jie,Rauch, Michael,Avram, Liat,Ben-David, Yehoshoa,Milstein, David
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supporting information
p. 21628 - 21633
(2021/01/11)
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- Method for homogeneously catalyzing alcohol amination
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The invention relates to a method for homogeneously catalyzing alcohol amination. The method comprises the following steps: mixing diethylene glycol or 1,6-hexanediol, dimethylamine, a ruthenium metalcatalyst and a non-polar solvent and carrying out homogeneous catalysis reaction; separating. According to the method provided by the invention, under the catalysis of a noble metal (rhodium, ruthenium and iridium) metallic catalyst, the diethylene glycol which has a cheap price and is easy to obtain or the 1,6-hexanediol is directly subjected to the amination by utilizing the dimethylamine through a one-step method; bis(2-dialkylaminoethyl)ether or N,N,N,N-tetramethylhexanediamine is prepared in a high-conversion-rate and high-selectivity manner.
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Paragraph 0069; 0075-0079
(2019/02/21)
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- Efficient ruthenium-catalyzed N-methylation of amines using methanol
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An in situ-generated complex from [RuCpCl2]2 and dpePhos ligand is reported as an efficient catalyst in the presence of 5 mol % of LiOtBu for the N-methylation of amines using methanol as the methylating agent at moderate conditions, following hydrogen borrowing strategy. This simple catalyst system provides selective N-monomethylation of substituted primary anilines and sulfonamides as well as N,N dimethylation of primary aliphatic amines in excellent yields at 40-100 °C with good tolerance to reducible functional groups. The catalytic intermediate CpRu(dpePhos)H was isolated and was shown to be active for methylation in the absence of base.
- Dang, Tuan Thanh,Ramalingam, Balamurugan,Seayad, Abdul Majeed
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p. 4082 - 4088
(2015/11/11)
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- METHOD OF PRODUCING TERTIARY AMINE OR TERTIARY AMINE DERIVATIVE
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing tertiary amine or tertiary amine derivative with high selectivity. SOLUTION: In the method of producing tertiary amine or tertiary amine derivative, a reaction system including: an organic chemical raw material containing at least one kind of group selected from -NH2, -NH2 HCl, >NH and >NH HCl, a nitrogen atom contained in the group bounding to a carbon atom; aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and a catalyst where a carrier containing titanium oxide carries a silver component (metal silver or silver compound), is irradiated with light, and the group in the organic compound raw material is converted to -NR02 or >NR0, ( R0 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms derived from the aliphatic alcohol). The percentage content of the silver in the catalyst is 0.5 to 10 mass% with respect to the titanium oxide. COPYRIGHT: (C)2015,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0080; 0091; 0095
(2018/10/31)
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- Synthesis and biological activity of dialkylphosphocholines
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A series of dialkylphosphocholines were prepared and evaluated for their biological activity. The antiprotozoal activity was determined against Acanthamoeba lugdunensis. Compound 15 exhibited excellent trophocidal activity. None of the tested dialkylphosphocholines exhibited better fungicidal activity against Candida albicans than miltefosine. The antineoplastic activity was determined against HeLa. The most cytotoxic was compound 10, which was more active against tumor cells as against normal cells.
- Lukac, Milos,Mrva, Martin,Fischer-Fodor, Eva,Lacko, Ivan,Bukovsky, Marian,Miklasova, Natalia,Ondriska, Frantisek,Devinsky, Ferdinand
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scheme or table
p. 6346 - 6349
(2010/06/11)
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- Regioselectivity control in a Diels-Alder reaction of a surfactant 1,3- diene with a surfactant dienophile
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The Diels-Alder reaction of surfactant 1,3-diene 1 and surfactant dienophile 2 within aqueous mixed micelles at 25°C gave a 6.6:1 ratio of cycloadducts 11 and 12, and that of nonsurfactant analogues 10 and 13 in C6H5Me at 75(85) °C gave a 1:l ratio of cycloadducts 14 and 15. The regioselectivity of the reaction of 1 and 2 was controlled by their alignment at the mixed micelle-H2O interface.
- Jaeger, David A.,Su, Dan
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p. 257 - 260
(2007/10/03)
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- Carbamate linkers as latent N-methylamines in solid phase synthesis
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A new linker strategy for solid phase synthesis has been developed. It utilizes LAH reduction of a carbamate connection to Wang resin which results in N-methylamines, a useful functionality in medicinal chemistry.
- Ho, Chih Y.,Kukla, Michael J.
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p. 2799 - 2802
(2007/10/03)
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- Omega-quaternary ammonium alkyl esters and thioesters of acidic nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
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Quaternary ammonium alkyl esters and thioesters of acidic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are disclosed. These esters and thioesters display the anti--inflammatory profile of the parent NSAIDs with greatly reduced gastrointestinal irritancy, providing a more favorable separation of therapeutic activity and toxicological side effects than the parent NSAIDs.
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- EVOLUTION THERMIQUE DE N-OXYDES D'ω-DIALKYLAMINO ALCANOLS-1
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The thermolysis of ω-dimethylamino-1-alkanol N-oxides affords ω-hydroxy-1-alkenes with dimethylhydroxylamine in good yields.The other basic products (amino alcohol and isoxazolidine) involve oxidation-reduction process between the tertiary amine N-oxide and dimethylhydroxylamine, followed by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction.Pyrolysis of 5-piperidino-1-pentanol N-oxide proceeds on a path similar to the N-dimethyl compounds.The elimination of an hydrogen atom of the heterocycle does not occur: the preferred planar transition state cannot be attained because of thesteric requirements of the ring.
- Barbry, Didier,Hasiak, Bruno
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p. 2410 - 2414
(2007/10/02)
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- ETUDE DES INTERACTIONS ENTRE FONCTIONS ALCOOL ET AMINE: EVOLUTION THERMIQUE D'HYDROXYDES ET DE SELS D'ω-TRIALKYLAMMONIO ALCANOLS-1
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The thermolysis of ω-hydroxyalkyltrialkylammonium hydroxides (Φ=4-8) was investigated: Elimination to alkenol competes with substitution to amino alcohol; the hydroxy group can be alkylated into aliphatic ethers by an intermolecular process; the intramolecular cyclization into cyclic ethers is important only when ω=4.Substitution reaction in amino alcohols is the main pathway for the thermolysis of ω-hydroxyalkyltrimethylammonium acetates (ω=5,6) and chloride (ω=6).
- Barbry, Didier,Hasiak, Bruno
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p. 1734 - 1744
(2007/10/02)
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