- Aqueous-Phase Chemistry of η3-Allylpalladium(II) Complexes with Sulfonated N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Solvent Effects in the Protolysis of Pd-C Bonds and Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions
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The synthesis of water-soluble η3-allyl Pd(II) complexes containing sulfonated N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands of general formula [Pd(NHC)n(η3-allyl)Cl2-n] is reported (n = 1 (1) or 2 (8)). Monocarbene complexes were obtained with the most sterically hindered NHC ligands, and biscarbenes with the less sterically hindered NHCs. The behavior of the isolated complexes in water under acidic, neutral, or alkaline conditions has been studied. The complexes are rather stable in water under neutral or alkaline conditions, although displacement of the chlorido ligand by water or hydroxide occurs under these conditions. In acidic media, Pd-NHC bonds are protolysed, and it is especially noteworthy that this protolysis occurs preferentially to that of the Pd-allyl bonds in the case of the complexes with the less-sterically hindered NHC ligands. This behavior contrasts with that observed in dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), where the Pd-allyl bonds are selectively broken upon treatment with Br?nsted acids. In addition, Pd-NHC bond breaking was promoted by the addition of a strong σ-donor ligand such as cyanide. Complex 1a is an active catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of water-soluble aryl chlorides in neat water under moderate conditions (typically, 0.5 mol % Pd and 60 °C).
- Asensio, Juan M.,Andrés, Román,Gómez-Sal, Pilar,De Jesús, Ernesto
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- Design, synthesis, and biological activity evaluation of 2-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydrooxazole derivatives as broad-spectrum antifungal agents
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To discover antifungal compounds with broad-spectrum and stable metabolism, a series of 2-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydrooxazole derivatives was designed and synthesized. Compounds A30-A34 exhibited excellent broad-spectrum antifungal activity against Candida albicans with MIC values in the range of 0.03–0.5 μg/mL, and against Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus with MIC values in the range of 0.25–2 μg/mL. In addition, compounds A31 and A33 showed high metabolic stability in human liver microsomes in vitro, with the half-life of 80.5 min and 69.4 min, respectively. Moreover, compounds A31 and A33 showed weak or almost no inhibitory effect on the CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. The pharmacokinetic evaluation in SD rats showed that compound A31 had suitable pharmacokinetic properties and was worthy of further study.
- Zhao, Liyu,Sun, Yin,Yin, Wenbo,Tian, Linfeng,Sun, Nannan,Zheng, Yang,Zhang, Chu,Zhao, Shizhen,Su, Xin,Zhao, Dongmei,Cheng, Maosheng
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- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Inhibitors of N-Phenyl-4-pyrimidinamine Derivatives Bearing Potent Activities against Tumor Growth
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The transcriptional repressor B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is frequently misregulated in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and has emerged as an attractive drug target for the treatments of lymphoma. In this article, a series of N-phenyl-4-pyrimidinamine derivatives were designed and synthesized as potent BCL6 inhibitors by optimizing hit compound N4-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-N2-isobutyl-5-fluoro-2,4-pyrimidinediamine on the basis of the structure-activity relationship. Among them, compound 14j displayed the most potent activities, which significantly blocked the interaction of BCL6 with its corepressors, reactivated BCL6 target genes in a dose-dependent manner, and had better effects compared with the two positive controls. Further studies indicated that a low dose of 14j could effectively inhibit germinal center formation. More importantly, 14j not only showed potent inhibition of DLBCL cell proliferation in vitro but also strongly suppressed the growth of DLBCL in vivo.
- Guo, Weikai,Xing, Yajing,Zhang, Qiansen,Xie, Jiuqing,Huang, Dongxia,Gu, Haijun,He, Peng,Zhou, Miaoran,Xu, Shifen,Pang, Xiufeng,Liu, Mingyao,Yi, Zhengfang,Chen, Yihua
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p. 676 - 695
(2020/02/04)
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- Furan- and thiophene-2-carbonyl amino acid derivatives activate hypoxia-inducible factor via inhibition of factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1
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Induction of a series of anti-hypoxic proteins protects cells during exposure to hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α) is a major transcription factor that orchestrates this protective effect. To activate HIF exogenously, without exposing
- Kawaguchi, Shin-ichi,Gonda, Yuhei,Yamamoto, Takuya,Sato, Yuki,Shinohara, Hiroyuki,Kobiki, Yohsuke,Ichimura, Atsuhiko,Dan, Takashi,Sonoda, Motohiro,Miyata, Toshio,Ogawa, Akiya,Tsujita, Tadayuki
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- Design, synthesis and evaluation of aromatic heterocyclic derivatives as potent antifungal agents
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To further enhance the anti-Aspergillus efficacy of our previously discovered antifungal lead compounds (1), a series of aromatic heterocyclic derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antifungal activity. Many of the target compounds showed good inhibitory activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. In particular, the isoxazole nuclei were more suited for improving the activity against Aspergillus spp. Among these compounds, 2-F substituted analogues 23g and 23h displayed the most remarkable in vitro activity against Candida spp., C. neoformans, A. fumigatus and fluconazole-resistant C.alb. strains, which is superior or comparable to the activity of the reference drugs fluconazole and voriconazole. Notably, the compounds 23g and 23h exhibited low inhibition profiles for various isoforms of human cytochrome P450 and excellent blood plasma stability.
- Zhao, Shizhen,Zhang, Xiangqian,Wei, Peng,Su, Xin,Zhao, Liyu,Wu, Mengya,Hao, Chenzhou,Liu, Chunchi,Zhao, Dongmei,Cheng, Maosheng
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- Room-temperature cobalt-catalyzed arylation of aromatic acids: overriding the ortho-selectivity via the oxidative assembly of carboxylate and aryl titanate reagents using oxygen
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A room temperature phosphine or NHC ligand-free cobalt-catalyzed arylation of (hetero)aromatic acids has been developed. It involves an oxidative cross-coupling between carboxylate and aryl titanate reagents using oxygen as an oxidant, and the arylation at the position ortho, meta and para to the carboxylic acid group could all be achieved. As application, various (hetero)aromatic acids including xenalipin, tafamidis and the key intermediate for a cardioprotective compound have been efficiently synthesized.
- Liu, Kun-Ming,Zhang, Rui,Duan, Xin-Fang
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supporting information
p. 1593 - 1598
(2016/02/09)
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- EtAlCl2/2,6-Disubstituted Pyridine-Mediated Carboxylation of Alkenes with Carbon Dioxide
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α-Arylalkenes and trialkyl-substituted alkenes undergo carboxylation with CO2 in the presence of EtAlCl2 and 2,6-dibromopyridine to afford the corresponding α,β- and/or β,γ-unsaturated carboxylic acids. This reaction is suggested to proceed via the electrophilic substitution of EtAlCl2 with the aid of the base, followed by the carbonation of the resulting ate complex. This reaction can be applied to terminal dialkylalkenes by using a mixture of 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine and 2,6-dibromopyridine.
- Tanaka, Shinya,Watanabe, Kota,Tanaka, Yuuki,Hattori, Tetsutaro
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supporting information
p. 2576 - 2579
(2016/06/15)
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- Identification, synthesis and photo-protection evaluation of arylthiazole derivatives as a novel series of sunscreens
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A novel series of arylthiazole derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated in preventing keratinocytes cell (HaCaT) from UVB exposure induced cellar damage. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) was discussed. More importantly, compound 5a significantly protected the dorsal skin of BALB/c-nu mice against UVB-induced decrustation in vivo. The in vitro and in vivo data for these arylthiazole derivatives suggest further studies for their potential use as photo-protection agents as well as sunscreen candidates.
- Li, Guoliang,He, Yundong,Zhou, Wenbo,Wang, Peng,Zhang, Yong,Tong, Weiguang,Wu, Haigang,Liu, Mingyao,Ye, Xiyun,Chen, Yihua
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p. 453 - 464
(2014/03/21)
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- Selective nitrile inhibitors to modulate the proteolytic synergism of cathepsins S and F
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A series of dipeptide nitriles with different P3 substituents was designed to explore the S3 binding pocket of cathepsin S. Racemic 7-16 and the enantiopure derivative (R)-22 proved to be potent inhibitors of human cathepsin S and exhibited notable selectivity over human cathepsins L, K, and B. Inhibition of cathepsin F, the functional synergist of cathepsin S, was not observed. The azadipeptide analogue of 22, compound 26, was highly potent but nonselective.
- Frizler, Maxim,Schmitz, Janina,Schulz-Fincke, Anna-Christina,Gütschow, Michael
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5982 - 5986
(2012/08/14)
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- Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Nitazoxanide-Based Analogues: Identification of Selective and Broad Spectrum Activity
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A library composed of nitazoxanide-based analogues was synthesized and assayed for increased antibacterial efficacy against the pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) using microorganisms Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter jejuni and Clostridium difficile. Derivatives were found to recapitulate and improve activity against these organisms and select analogues were tested for their ability to disrupt the PFOR enzyme directly. The library was also screened for activity against staphylococci and resulted in the identification of analogues capable of inhibiting both staphylococci and all PFOR organisms at low micromolar minimum inhibitory concentrations with low toxicity to human foreskin cells. Hitting them where it hurts! A library of nitazoxanide-based analogues was synthesized and assayed for antibacterial efficacy against pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) utilizing microorganisms. Derivatives were found to recapitulate and improve activity against these organisms, and select analogues were screened for activity against staphylococci resulting in the identification of analogues capable of inhibiting both staphylococci and all PFOR organisms at low micromolar minimum inhibitory concentrations.
- Ballard, T. Eric,Wang, Xia,Olekhnovich, Igor,Koerner, Taylor,Seymour, Craig,Salamoun, Joseph,Warthan, Michelle,Hoffman, Paul S.,Macdonald, Timothy L.
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p. 362 - 377
(2012/01/11)
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- Development and characterization of new inhibitors of the human and mouse hematopoietic prostaglandin D2 synthases
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The hematopoietic prostaglandin D2 synthase has a proinflammatory effect in a range of diseases, including allergic asthma, where its product prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) has a role in regulating many of the hallmark disease characteristics. Here we describe the development and characterization of a novel series of hematopoietic prostaglandin D2 synthase inhibitors with potency similar to that of known inhibitors. Compounds N-benzhydryl-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide (compound 8) and N-(1-amino-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)-6-(thiophen- 2-yl)nicotinamide (compound 34) demonstrated low micromolar potency in the inhibition of the purified enzyme, while only 34 reduced Toll-like receptor (TLR) inducible PGD2 production in both mouse primary bone marrow-derived macrophages and the human megakaryocytic cell line MEG-01S. Importantly, 34 demonstrated a greater selectivity for inhibition of PGD 2 synthesis versus other eicosanoids that lie downstream of PGH 2 (PGE2 and markers of prostacyclin (6-keto PGF 1?) and thromboxane (TXB2)) when compared to the known inhibitors HQL-79 (compound 1) and 2-phenyl-5-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)thiazole (compound 2). Compound 34 therefore represents a selective hematopoietic prostaglandin D2 synthase inhibitor.
- Christ, Angelika N.,Labzin, Larisa,Bourne, Gregory T.,Fukunishi, Hirotada,Weber, Jane E.,Sweet, Matthew J.,Smythe, Mark L.,Flanagan, Jack U.
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experimental part
p. 5536 - 5548
(2010/11/17)
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- A convenient catalyst for aqueous and protein Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling
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(Figure Presented) A phosphine-free palladium catalyst for aqueous Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling is presented. The catalyst is active enough to mediate hindered, ortho-substituted biaryl couplings but mild enough for use on peptides and proteins. The Suzuki-Miyaura couplings on protein substrates are the first to proceed in useful conversions. Notably, hydrophobic aryl and vinyl groups can be transferred to the protein surface without the aid of organic solvent since the aryl- and vinylboronic acids used in the coupling are water-soluble as borate salts. The convenience and activity of this catalyst prompts use in both general synthesis and bioconjugation.
- Chalker, Justin M.,Wood, Charlotte S. C.,Davis, Benjamin G.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 16346 - 16347
(2010/01/29)
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- NIACIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS, COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SUCH COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF TREATMENT
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The present invention encompasses compounds of Formula (I); as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts and hydrates thereof, that are useful for treating dyslipidemias. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use are also included.
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Page/Page column 54-55
(2010/11/08)
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- Amide compounds
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The present invention is a compound and pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I): wherein R1is a 4-(lower) alkyl-imidazol-1-yl or a 4,5-di(lower) alkyl-imidazol-1-yl group, R2is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl
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Page column 11
(2010/02/07)
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- The identification and optimization of 2,4-diketobutyric acids as flap endonuclease 1 inhibitors
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Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) is a key enzyme involved in base excision repair (BER), a primary pathway utilized by mammalian cells to repair DNA damage. In this report, we describe the identification and SAR of a series of 2,4-diketobutyric acid FEN1 inhibi
- Tumey, L. Nathan,Huck, Bayard,Gleason, Elizabeth,Wang, Jianmin,Silver, Daniel,Brunden, Kurt,Boozer, Sherry,Rundlett, Stephen,Sherf, Bruce,Murphy, Steven,Bailey, Andrew,Dent, Tom,Leventhal, Christina,Harrington, John,Bennani, Youssef L.
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p. 4915 - 4918
(2007/10/03)
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- SUBSTITUTED-HETEROARYL-7-AZA[2.2.1] BYCYCLOHEPTANES FOR THE TREATMENT OF DESEASE
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The invention provides compounds of Formula I: compounds of the Formula I: wherein R1, R2, R4, R6, X, and W are defined herein. These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, may be in pure enantiomeric form or racemic mixtures, and are useful in pharmaceuticals used to treat diseases or conditions in which α7 is known to be involved.
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- Azabicyclic-substituted-heteroaryl compounds for the treatment of disease
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The invention provides compounds of Formula I: Azabicyclo-N(R1)—C(═X)—W??Formula I These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, racemic mixtures, or pure enantiomers thereof. The compounds of Formula I are useful
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- Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-phenylthiophenecarboxylic acid derivatives as antirheumatic agents
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5-(Phenylthiophene)-3-carboxylic acid (2a), a metabolite of esonarimod (1), which was developed as a new antirheumatic drug, was considered as a lead compound for new antirheumatic drugs. A new series of 2a derivatives were synthesized and their characteristic pharmacological effects, that is their antagonistic effect toward interleukin (IL)-1 in mice and the suppressive effect against adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats, were evaluated and compared with those of 1. The structure-activity relationships indicated that [5-(4-bromophenyl)-thiophen-3-yl]acetic acid (5d), methyl [5-(4-chlorophenyl)-thiophen-3-yl]acetate (5h), and methyl [5-(4-bromophenyl)-thiophen-3-yl]acetate (5i) suppressed AIA more potently than 1 and all of the other synthesized compounds.
- Noguchi, Toshiya,Hasegawa, Masahiro,Tomisawa, Kazuyuki,Mitsukuchi, Morihiro
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p. 4729 - 4742
(2007/10/03)
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- COMPOUNDS AND METHODS
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This invention relates to substituted heteroanilide compounds which are modulators, agonists or antagonists, of the CCR5 receptior. In addition, this invention relates to the treatment and prevention of disease states mediatd by CCR5.
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- Substituted hexahydrobenzo[f]thieno[c]quinolines as dopamine D1- selective agonists: Synthesis and biological evaluation in vitro and in vivo
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A series of substituted 9,10- dihydroxyhexahydrobenzo[f]thieno[c]quinolines (TB[f]Q), varying with respect to the position of the thiophene relative to the benzo[f]quinoline core and the nature and position of the substituent on the thiophene, were prepared and evaluated for their affinity and selectivity for the dopamine D1-like receptor. The thieno[3,2-c]B[f]Q regioisomers bearing a small alkyl (C1-C3) substituent at the 2 position were potent (K(i) 50) D1 agonists with close to full agonist activity (IA > 85%). The compounds were resolved and found to exhibit a high level of enantiospecificity in their interaction with the D1 receptor. Selected compounds were tested in vivo in the 6-OHDA rodent model of Parkinson's disease and for their liability to produce seizure-like activities in mice. (5aR)-trans-2-Propyl-4,5,5a,6,7,11b-hexahydro-3-thia-5-azacyclopent-1- ena[c]phenanthrene-9,10-diol (5) emerged as the compound with the best overall in vivo profile in terms of potency (ED50 = 0.04 μmol/kg) and safety.
- Michaelides, Michael R.,Hong, Yufeng,DiDomenico Jr., Stanley,Bayburt, Erol K.,Asin, Karen E.,Britton, Donald R.,Lin, Chun Wel,Shiosaki, Kazumi
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p. 1585 - 1599
(2007/10/03)
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- THIOPHENE ETHANOLAMINES
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Thiophene ethanolamines substituted on the nitrogen atom with an alkyl or aralkyl radical and optionally substituted on the thiophene portion, are disclosed. The thiophene ethanolamines possess antihypertensive and . beta.-receptor blocking activities. Me
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