- Structure-guided design of new indoles as negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) containing GluN2B subunit
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Negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of GluN2B-containing NMDARs provide pharmacological tools for the treatment of chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Novel NAMs have been designed on the basis of computational studies focused on the 'hit compound' 3. This series of indoles has been tested in competition assay. Compounds 16 and 17 were the most active ligands (IC50 values of 83 nM and 71 nM, respectively) and they showed a potency close to that of reference compounds ifenprodil (1, IC50 = 47 nM) and 3 (IC50 = 25 nM). Furthermore, docking studies have been performed for active ligand 16 and the results were in a good agreement with biological data.
- Buemi, Maria Rosa,De Luca, Laura,Ferro, Stefania,Russo, Emilio,De Sarro, Giovambattista,Gitto, Rosaria
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Read Online
- Agent for Preventing or Ameliorating Hearing Impairment
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It is to provide an agent for preventing or improving hearing loss, which comprises a low molecular compound which can be produced relatively easily and inexpensively as an active ingredient. One or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formulas (I0), (II), and (III) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compounds when R3 is OH are used as an agent for preventing or improving hearing loss.
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Paragraph 0093; 0094; 0259-0260
(2019/08/02)
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- (phenoxy)alkoxy-1H-indole derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, preparation method therof and pharmaceutical composition for use in preventing or treating PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ related diseases containing the same as an active ingredient
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The present invention relates to (phenoxy)alkoxy-1H-indole derivatives or pharmaceutically allowable salts thereof, to a manufacturing method thereof, and to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating PPARandalpha;, PPARandgamma; and PPARanddelta;-related diseases comprising the derivatives or salt thereof as an active ingredient. The (phenoxy)alkoxy-1H-indole derivatives have excellent abilities of activating PPARandalpha;, PPARandgamma; and PPARanddelta;, thereby being used for preventing or treating PPARandalpha;, PPARandgamma; and PPARanddelta;-related diseases of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular system diseases, cancer, inflammation, etc. as a PPAR agonist.COPYRIGHT KIPO 2017
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Paragraph 0257-0258
(2017/08/10)
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a series of alkoxy-3-indolylacetic acids as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ/δ agonists We dedicate this article to Professor Young-Ger Suh on the occasion of his retirement.
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Abstract A series of alkoxy-3-indolylacetic acid analogs has been discovered as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists. Structure-activity relationship study indicated that PPARα/γ/δ activities were dependent on the nature of the hydrophobic group, the attachment position of the alkoxy linker to the indole ring, and N-alkylation of indole nitrogen. Some compounds presented significant PPARγ/δ activity and molecular modeling suggested their putative binding modes in the ligand binding domain of PPARγ. Of these, compound 51 was selected for in vivo study via an evaluation of microsomal stability in mouse and human liver. Compound 51 lowered the levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HbA1c without gain in body weight in db/db mice. When compound 51 was treated, hepatic triglycerides level and the size of adipocytes in white adipose tissue of db/db mice were also reduced as opposed to treatment with rosiglitazone. Taken together, compound 51 shows high potential warranting further studies in models for diabetes and related metabolic disorders and may be in use as a chemical tool for the understanding of PPAR biology.
- Gim, Hyo Jin,Li, Hua,Jeong, Ji Hye,Lee, Su Jeong,Sung, Mi-Kyung,Song, Mi-Young,Park, Byung-Hyun,Oh, Soo Jin,Ryu, Jae-Ha,Jeon, Raok
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supporting information
p. 3322 - 3336
(2015/08/03)
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- Erythropoietin Expression Promoter
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The present invention provides an erythropoietin expression-enhancing agent that can cancel the suppression of erythropoietin production or promote erythropoietin production, and a therapeutic or preventive drug for anemia, a liver function-improving agent, an ischemic injury-improving agent, a renal protective agent, and an insulin secretagogue comprising the erythropoietin expression-enhancing agent. The erythropoietin expression-enhancing agent of the present invention comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulas (I), (II), and (III) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof when R3 is OH.
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Paragraph 0099; 0280; 0281
(2015/12/30)
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- INDOMETHACIN ANALOGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CASTRATE-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER
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Provided are compositions for inhibiting a biological activity of an aldoketo reductase family 1, member C3 (AKR1 C3) polypeptide. In some embodiments, the compositions are indomethacin derivatives that are AKR1 C3-specific inhibitors. Also provided are methods for producing disclosed indomethacin derivatives that substantially lack cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity but that have AKR1C3 inhibitory activity, methods for inhibiting AKR1C3 polypeptide biological activities, and methods for treating prostate tumors in subjects.
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Page/Page column 56; 57
(2013/05/09)
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- Straightforward protocol for the efficient synthesis of varied N 1-acylated (aza)indole 2-/3-alkanoic acids and esters: Optimization and scale-up
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A library of approximately 40 N1-acylated (aza)indole alkanoic esters and acids was prepared employing a microwave-assisted approach. The optimized synthetic route allows for parallel synthesis, variation of the indole substitution pattern, and high overall yield. Additionally, the procedure has been scaled up to yield multi-gram amounts of preferred indole compounds, e.g.: 2′-des-methyl indomethacin 2. The reported compounds were designed as biomedical tools for primary and secondary in vitro and in vivo studies at relevant molecular targets.
- Liedtke, Andy J.,Marnett, Lawrence J.,Kim, Kwangho,Stec, Donald F.,Sulikowski, Gary A.
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supporting information
p. 10049 - 10058,10
(2012/12/11)
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- Straightforward protocol for the efficient synthesis of varied N 1-acylated (aza)indole 2-/3-alkanoic acids and esters: Optimization and scale-up
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A library of approximately 40 N1-acylated (aza)indole alkanoic esters and acids was prepared employing a microwave-assisted approach. The optimized synthetic route allows for parallel synthesis, variation of the indole substitution pattern, and high overall yield. Additionally, the procedure has been scaled up to yield multi-gram amounts of preferred indole compounds, e.g.: 2′-des-methyl indomethacin 2. The reported compounds were designed as biomedical tools for primary and secondary in vitro and in vivo studies at relevant molecular targets.
- Liedtke, Andy J.,Kim, Kwangho,Stec, Donald F.,Sulikowski, Gary A.,Marnett, Lawrence J.
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supporting information
p. 10049 - 10058
(2013/01/14)
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- INDOLE COMPOUNDS OR ANALOGUES THEREOF USEFUL FOR THE TREATMENT OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD)
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The present invention provides a compound of formula (I): a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a pharmaceutical composition.
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Page/Page column 118
(2012/07/27)
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- Substituted Heteroaromatic Carboxamide and Urea Compounds as Vanilloid Receptor Ligands
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Substituted heteroaromatic carboxamide and urea compounds corresponding to formula (i) processes for the preparation thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and also a method of using these compounds in pharmaceutical compositions for treating or inhibiting pain and other conditions mediated at least in part via the vanilloid receptor 1.
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Page/Page column 38
(2012/05/20)
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- SUBSTITUTED HETEROAROMATIC CARBOXAMIDE AND UREA DERIVATIVES AS VANILLOID RECEPTOR LIGANDS
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The invention relates to substituted heteroaromatic carboxamide and urea derivatives of formula (I), to processes for the preparation thereof, to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and also to the use of these compounds for preparing pharmaceutical compositions.
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Page/Page column 82
(2012/05/31)
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- Three oxidative metabolites of indole-3-acetic acid from Arabidopsis thaliana
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Three metabolites of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), N-(6-hydroxyindol-3-ylacetyl)-phenylalanine (6-OH-IAA-Phe), N-(6-hydroxyindol-3-ylacetyl)-valine (6-OH-IAA-Val), and 1-O-(2-oxoindol-3-ylacetyl)-β-d-glucopyranose (OxIAA-Glc), were found by a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS)-based search for oxidative IAA metabolites during the vegetative growth of Arabidopsis. Their structures were confirmed by making a comparison of chromatographic characteristics and mass spectra between naturally occurring compounds and synthetic standards. An incorporation study using deuterium-labeled compounds showed that 6-OH-IAA-Phe and 6-OH-IAA-Val were biosynthesized from IAA-Phe and IAA-Val, respectively, which strongly suggested the formation of these amino acid conjugates of IAA in plants. Both 6-OH-IAA-Phe and 6-OH-IAA-Val were inactive as auxins, as indicated by no significant root growth inhibition in Arabidopsis. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that OxIAA-Glc was present in the largest amount among the metabolites of IAA in Arabidopsis, suggesting that the conversion into OxIAA-Glc represents the main metabolic process regarding IAA in Arabidopsis.
- Kai, Kenji,Horita, Junko,Wakasa, Kyo,Miyagawa, Hisashi
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p. 1651 - 1663
(2008/02/05)
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- Aromatic bromination versus oxidation of indolylmalonates by bromine
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The reactions of 5-substituted indolylmalonates (2a-e), carrying an electron-withdrawing group at the N(1) position, with bromine in CCl4 or AcOH are reported. These substrates undergo oxidation in competition with the well-known aromatic bromination. Under the two sets of conditions, with parent indolylmalonate (2a), chemospecific oxidation is observed, whereas with 5-hydroxyindolylmalonate (2c), bromination at the 4- and 6-position is the dominating reaction. Investigation of the products composition of several 5-substituted indolylmalonates revealed the following trend: with a 5-substituted electron-withdrawing group like fluorine, the indolylmalonate undergoes oxidation rather than bromination. In contrast, with a 5-substituted electron-donating group, like a hydroxyl group, the ring bromination occurs preferentially over the oxidation. When the 5-substituent is an alkoxyl group, a significant amount of brominated-oxidized products is obtained. Monitoring the oxidation reaction by mass spectrometry allowed the characterization of the 2-bromoindolylidenemalonate intermediate. A bromonium ion is considered as possible pathway in the formation of this intermediate. The conformation of unsymmetrical methoxyl and benzyloxyl substituents was determined from 1H NMR spectra, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ab initio calculations.
- Morales-Rios, Martha S.,Santos-Sanchez, Norma F.,Suarez-Castillo, Oscar R.,Joseph-Nathan, Pedro
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p. 305 - 311
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of 131I derivatives of indolealkylamines for brain mapping
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The synthesis and spectral properties of new radioiodinated indolealkylamines like 2-[131 I]-iodo-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, 2-[131 I]-iodo-N-methyltryptamine, 2-[131 I]-iodo-5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, 2-[131 I]-iodo-5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (2-[131 I]-iodo-bufotenine), and 2-[131I]-iodo-tryptamine and the known 2-[131I]-iodo-N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine (2-[131I]-iodo-melatonine) are described herein. These were synthesized by a high-yield novel method, and their spectral properties are fully described. These compounds are of biological importance and can be used for brain mapping with SPECT technology.
- Sintas, Jose A.,Vitale, Arturo A.
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p. 677 - 684
(2007/10/03)
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