- Volatile constituents of used frying oils
-
The volatile constituents of used frying oils obtained from a local food-processing plant were isolated by simultaneous distillation-extraction and fractionated by silica gel column chromatography. The isolates were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography and combined capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, resulting in the identification of 140 compounds. The major constituents identified were 1-pentanol, hexanal, furfuryl alcohol, (E)-2-heptenal, 5-methylfurfural, 1-octen-3-ol, octanal, 2-pentylfuran, (E)-2-octenal, nonanal, (E)-2-nonenal, and hexadecanoic acid.
- Takeoka, Gary,Perrino Jr., Charles,Buttery, Ron
-
-
Read Online
- METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGHER LINEAR FATTY ACIDS OR ESTERS
-
The present invention relates to a method of producing linear fatty acids comprising 7 to 28 carbon atoms or esters thereof using a combined biotechnological and chemical method. In particular, the present invention relates to a method of producing dodecanoic acid (i.e. lauric acid), via higher alkanones, preferably 6-undecanone.
- -
-
Page/Page column 33-34
(2021/11/26)
-
- Efficient and Practical Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones Catalyzed by a Simple Bidentate Mn?NHC Complex
-
Catalytic reductions of carbonyl-containing compounds are highly important for the safe, sustainable, and economical production of alcohols. Herein, we report on the efficient transfer hydrogenation of ketones catalyzed by a highly potent Mn(I)?NHC complex. Mn?NHC 1 is practical at metal concentrations as low as 75 ppm, thus approaching loadings more conventionally reserved for noble metal based systems. With these low Mn concentrations, catalyst deactivation is found to be highly temperature dependent and becomes especially prominent at increased reaction temperature. Ultimately, understanding of deactivation pathways could help close the activity/stability-gap with Ru and Ir catalysts towards the practical implementation of sustainable earth-abundant Mn-complexes.
- van Putten, Robbert,Benschop, Joeri,de Munck, Vincent J.,Weber, Manuela,Müller, Christian,Filonenko, Georgy A.,Pidko, Evgeny A.
-
p. 5232 - 5235
(2019/07/18)
-
- IONIZABLE CATIONIC LIPID FOR RNA DELIVERY
-
What is described is a compound of formula I consisting of a compound in which R1 is a branched chain alkyl consisting of 10 to 31 carbons; R2 is a linear alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl consisting of 2 to 20 carbons; L1 and L2 are the same or different, each a linear alkylene of 1 to 20 carbons or a linear alkenylene of 2 to 20 carbons; X1 is S or O; R3 is a linear or branched alkylene consisting of 1 to 6 carbons; and R4 and R5 are the same or different, each a hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl consisting of 1 to 6 carbons; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- -
-
Paragraph 0019; 0157-0159
(2018/07/04)
-
- IONIZABLE CATIONIC LIPID FOR RNA DELIVERY
-
What is described is a compound of formula I consisting of a compound in which R1 is a branched chain alkyl consisting of 10 to 31 carbons;R2 is a linear alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl consisting of 2 to 20 carbons, or a branched chain alkyl consisting of 10 to 31 carbons;L1 and L2 are the same or different, each a linear alkane of 1 to 20 carbons or a linear alkene of 2 to 20 carbons;X1 is S or O;R3 is a linear or branched alkylene consisting of 1 to 6 carbons; andR4 and R5 are the same or different, each a hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl consisting of 1 to 6 carbons; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- -
-
Paragraph 0199; 0200; 0201
(2018/07/05)
-
- Stereoselective direct reductive amination of ketones with electron-deficient amines using Re2O7/NaPF6 catalyst
-
The first example of direct reductive amination (DRA) of ketones with electron-deficient amines (EDA) such as Cbz-, Boc-, EtOCO-, Fmoc-, Bz-, ArSO2-, etc. protected amines have been achieved using catalytic Re2O7/NaPF6. Excellent chemoselectivities as well as diastereoselectivity (for 2-alkyl cyclohexanones) were obtained. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013.
- Das, Braja Gopal,Ghorai, Prasanta
-
supporting information
p. 4379 - 4382
(2013/08/23)
-
- METHOD TO CONVERT FERMENTATION MIXTURE INTO FUELS
-
The present disclosure provides methods to produce ketones suitable for use as fuels and lubricants by catalytic conversion of an acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation product mixture that can be derived from biomass.
- -
-
Page/Page column 76-77
(2013/02/27)
-
- Effect of side chain substituents on the electron injection abilities of unsymmetrical perylene diimide dyes
-
Three near-infrared (NIR) absorbing unsymmetrical perylene diimide D-A-D type dyes containing 6-undecanoxy as donor group were utilized in dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cells. Structure of the acceptor side of the molecules were improved by adding 4-[2-methyl-5-(cyanoacrylic acid)-3-thienyl]-phenyl (V), 3-carboxy-2-pyridil (VI) and 3-carboxy-2-pyrazyl (VII) moieties attached to one of the N-side of the dye. The relationship between the molecular structure of the acceptor sites of the dyes and the photovoltaic performances were discussed. Electrochemical measurements indicated that band gaps of the dyes were energetically favorable for electron injection from the excited state of the dyes to the conduction band of TiO2 nanoparticles. However, three dyes gave lower conversion efficiency on DSSC applications. Strong electron-withdrawing nature of perylene core might not permit to transfer the photo-generated electrons to the carboxyl groups anchoring to TiO2 surface, and then solar-to-electricity conversion efficiencies of the dyes were reduced.
- Dinalp, Haluk,Akar, Zuhal,Zafer, Ceylan,Li, Sddk
-
experimental part
p. 182 - 191
(2012/01/13)
-
- Novel NIR-absorbing conjugated polymers for efficient polymer solar cells: Effect of alkyl chain length on device performance
-
Three low bandgap conjugated polymers, i.e., PDTPBT-C8, PDTPBT-C6 and PDTPBT-C5, which consist of alternating N-alkyl dithieno[3,2-b:2′, 3′-d]pyrrole and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole units and carry 1-octylnonyl, 1-hexylheptyl and 1-pentylhexyl as side chains,
- Yue, Wei,Zhao, Yun,Shao, Shuyan,Tian, Hongkun,Xie, Zhiyuan,Geng, Yanhou,Wang, Fosong
-
experimental part
p. 2199 - 2206
(2010/04/05)
-
- Hydrogen-transfer reduction of carbonyl compounds promoted by nickel nanoparticles
-
Nickel(0) nanoparticles, generated from nickel(II) chloride, lithium powder and a catalytic amount of 4,4-di-tert-butylbiphenyl (DTBB) in THF at room temperature, have been found to promote the reduction of a variety of ketones and aldehydes by transfer hydrogenation using isopropanol as the hydrogen donor. The nickel nanoparticles were characterised and could be re-utilised with a good performance in the absence of a base. A mechanistic study demonstrates that the reaction proceeds through a dihydride-type mechanism.
- Alonso, Francisco,Riente, Paola,Yus, Miguel
-
p. 1847 - 1852
(2008/09/18)
-
- Hydrogen-transfer reduction of carbonyl compounds catalysed by nickel nanoparticles
-
We report for the first time the hydrogen-transfer reduction of carbonyl compounds catalysed by well-defined nickel(0) nanoparticles. The nickel nanoparticles could be reutilised several times in a very simple reaction medium composed of the nickel nanoparticles, isopropanol and the substrate, without any added base.
- Alonso, Francisco,Riente, Paola,Yus, Miguel
-
p. 1939 - 1942
(2008/09/19)
-
- Silyl group deprotection by Pd/C/H2. A facile and selective method
-
An easy, high yield, RT, short-reaction-time Pd/C hydrogenation of silyl groups is described. This includes TES, TPS, TBS, TBDMS, TIPS, and TBDPS. The relative selectivity of the process has been investigated and we can show, for example, that TES, TPS, TBS, and TBDMS removal can be performed in the presence of TIPS and TBDPS.
- Kim, Seongjin,Jacobo, Sheila Marie,Chang, Chih-Tsung,Bellone, Sophie,Powell, William S.,Rokach, Joshua
-
p. 1973 - 1976
(2007/10/03)
-
- Reductive defluorination of fluoroalkanes
-
The reaction of an excess of lithium powder and a catalytic amount of DTBB with primary, secondary and tertiary fluoroalkanes in the presence of a substoichiometric amount of 1,2-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzene 1 afforded the corresponding alkanes resulting from a fluorine-hydrogen exchange. The method could be extended to non-geminal difluorides. The effect of the disilylated compound in the naphthalene-catalysed lithiation of fluorobenzene and benzyl fluoride was also studied.
- Guijarro, David,Martínez, Pedro,Yus, Miguel
-
p. 1237 - 1244
(2007/10/03)
-
- The NiCl2-Li-Arene (cat.) Combination as Reducing System, Part 9: Catalytic Hydrogenation of Organic Compounds using the NiCl 2-Li-(Naphthalene or Polymer-Supported Naphthalene) (cat.) Combination
-
The reaction of lithium powder, a catalytic amount of naphthalene or polymer-supported naphthalene, and anhydrous nickel(II) chloride, in THF at room temperature, generates a finely divided and very reactive nickel(0) which has been efficiently applied to the catalytic hydrogenation of different organic compounds such as alkenes, alkynes, carbonyl compounds, imines, organic halides, aromatic compounds, hydrazines, azoxy compounds, and N-oxides.
- Alonso, Francisco,Candela, Pablo,Gómez, Cecilia,Yus, Miguel
-
p. 275 - 279
(2007/10/03)
-
- Process for preparation of a benzofuran derivative
-
An industrially useful process for producing benzofuran derivatives of formula (1) by formylating a compound of formula (2) (where A1 is a protective group), followed by reaction with a compound of formula (4) (where X1 is a halogen atom), then performing a cyclizing reaction and subsequently performing a reaction for hydroxyl group deprotection.
- -
-
Page/Page column 12
(2010/01/31)
-
- Reductive decomplexation of π-allyltricarbonyliron lactone complexes using sodium naphthalenide as a route to stereodefined 1,7-diols and 2,3-diene-l,7-diols
-
Treatment of π-allyltricarbonyliron lactone complexes, that contain an adjacent leaving group, with lithium naphthalenide causes decomplexation to acyclic dienols in excellent yield and without any stereochemical scrambling of the allylic centre. When an endo complex is employed (E,E)-geometry prevails with good selectivity whereas (Z,E)-geometry dominates in the case of exo complexes. A mechanism consistent with the observed stereo- and regiochemistry is proposed.
- Hollowood, Christopher J.,Ley, Steven V.
-
p. 3197 - 3207
(2007/10/03)
-
- Highly chemoselective catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated ketones and aldehydes to unsaturated alcohols using phosphine-stabilized copper(I) hydride complexes
-
A base metal hydrogenation catalyst composed of the phenyldimethylphosphine-stabilized copper(I) hydride complex provides for the highly chemoselective hydrogenation of unsaturated ketones and aldehydes to unsaturated alcohols, including the regioselective 1,2-reduction of α,β- unsaturated ketones and aldehydes to allylic alcohols. The active catalyst can be derived in situ by phosphine exchange using commercial [(Ph3P)CuH]6 or from the reaction of copper(l) chloride, sodium tert-butoxide, and dimethylphenylphosphine under hydrogen. The catalyst derived from 1,1,1- tris(diphenylphosphinomethyl)ethane is mechanistically interesting but less synthetically useful. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
- Chen, Jian-Xin,Daeuble, John F.,Brestensky, Donna M.,Stryker, Jeffrey M.
-
p. 2153 - 2166
(2007/10/03)
-
- Anti-fungal agents
-
Compounds of the formula STR1 wherein R9, J, K, Z and Het are as set forth herein as described. The compounds of formula I are useful as agents in the treatment of fungal infections.
- -
-
-