- Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2-aryl-7-(3′,4′-dialkoxyphenyl)-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines as novel PDE-4 inhibitors
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Described herein is design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel series of 2-aryl-7-(3′,4′-dialkoxyphenyl)-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines acting as inhibitors of type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4) which is known as a good target for the treatment of asthma and COPD. For this purpose, structure optimization was conducted with the aid of structure-based drug design using the known X-ray crystallography. Also, biological effects of these compounds on the target enzyme were evaluated by using in vitro assays, leading to the potent and selective PDE-4 inhibitor (IC50 10 nM).
- Kim, Ikyon,Song, Jong Hwan,Park, Chang Min,Jeong, Joon Won,Kim, Hyung Rae,Ha, Jin Ryul,No, Zaesung,Hyun, Young-Lan,Cho, Young Sik,Sook Kang, Nam,Jeon, Dong Ju
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scheme or table
p. 922 - 926
(2010/06/22)
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- De novo parallel design, synthesis and evaluation of inhibitors against the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and drug-resistant variants
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We used molecular modeling to design de novo broad-range inhibitors against wild type and drug-resistant variants of the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). First, we screened for small fragments that would interact with each one of four RT structures (one wild type and three mutants). Then, these fragments were linked to build a scaffold molecule. Out of 27 different compounds that were synthesized, four inhibited the DNA polymerase activity of RT with IC50 values below 10 μM. Compound 5f inhibited RT with an IC50 value of about 3.5 μM, while inhibiting drug-resistant RT variants more efficiently than the clinically used drug, nevirapine (11-cyclopropyl-5,11-dihydro-4-methyl-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b: 2′,3′-e-]-[1,4]diazepin-6-one). 5f also inhibited the RT ribonuclease H activity with an IC50 of 20 μM and therefore, unlike nevirapine, targets both RT activities. Accordingly, 5f can serve as lead for developing novel inhibitors against RT that may be used to suppress HIV-1 growth.
- Herschhorn, Alon,Lerman, Lena,Weitman, Michal,Gleenberg, Iris Oz,Nudelman, Abraham,Hizi, Amnon
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p. 2370 - 2384
(2008/02/07)
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- Discovery of S-[5-amino-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-[3-(2,3- dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl]-methanone (RO3201195), an orally bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor of p38 Map kinase
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A novel class of highly selective inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase was discovered from high throughput screening. The synthesis and optimization of a series of 5-amino-N-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl-3-phenylmethanones is described. An X-ray crystal structure of this series bound in the ATP binding pocket of unphosphorylated p38a established the presence of a unique hydrogen bond between the exocyclic amine of the inhibitor and threonine 106 which likely contributes to the selectivity for p38. The crystallographic information was used to optimize the potency and physicochemical properties of the series. The incorporation of the 2,3-dihydroxypropoxy moiety on the pyrazole scaffold resulted in a compound with excellent drug-like properties including high oral bioavailability. These efforts identified 63 (RO3201195) as an orally bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor of p38 which was selected for advancement into Phase I clinical trials.
- Goldstein, David M.,Alfredson, Tom,Bertrand, Jay,Browner, Michelle F.,Clifford, Ken,Dalrymple, Stacie A.,Dunn, James,Freire-Moar, Jose,Harris, Seth,Labadie, Sharada S.,La Fargue, JoAnn,Lapierre, Jean Marc,Larrabee, Susan,Li, Fujun,Papp, Eva,McWeeney, Daniel,Ramesha, Chakk,Roberts, Rick,Rotstein, David,San Pablo, Bong,Sjogren, Eric B.,So, On-Yee,Talamas, Francisco X.,Tao, Will,Trejo, Alejandra,Villasenor, Armando,Welch, Mary,Welch, Teresa,Weller, Paul,Whiteley, Phyllis E.,Young, Kelly,Zipfel, Sheila
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p. 1562 - 1575
(2007/10/03)
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