- Controlling hydrogen-bond preferences in bipyridines with competing binding sites
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The design and synthesis of a family of supramolecular reagents (SRs) based on ethynyl-spaced substituted bipyridines are described, and their potential use as molecular 'hubs' for the predictable construction of binary and ternary co-crystals is explored. Each SR was synthesized in good yields through consecutive Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions. Crystal structures of three binary co-crystals are presented with each structure clearly illustrating how accurate supramolecular assembly control can be achieved by increasing/decreasing the strength of the participating hydrogen-bond interactions.
- Aaker?y, Christer B.,Schultheiss, Nate,Desper, John
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Read Online
- Passive monitoring method for 3-Ethenylpyridine: A marker for environmental tobacco smoke
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A new method was developed to assess environmental tobacco smoke in air. The method is based on passive sampling and subsequent measurement of the concentration of 3-ethenylpyridine, a vapor-phase compound specific to tobacco smoke. Air samples were collected using a 3M organic vapor monitor. Tests were carried out in a dynamic chamber to determine the sampling rate (25.7 cm3/ min). 3-Ethenylpyridine was desorbed from the sampler with 1 mL of pyridine/toluene mixture. 3-Ethenylpyridine was quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The limit of detection was 0.01 μg/sample, corresponding to a concentration of 0.27 μg/m3 air calculated for a sampling period of 24 h. Field measurements were carried out to test the performance of the method. Mean concentrations ranging from 1.3 to 5.3μg/m3 were measured for 3-ethenylpyridine in smoking environments, but no 3-ethenylpyridine was detected in nonsmoking environments. Active sampling using charcoal tubes was used as a reference method in the chamber tests and field measurements. Individual exposures can be easily and accurately measured by means of the passive sampler. Because of simple sample treatment, the method is also well-suited for large-scale monitoring of environmental tobacco smoke.
- Vainiotalo, Sinikka,Vaaranrinta, Raija,Tornaeus, Jarkko,Aremo, Nina,Hase, Tapio,Peltonen, Kimmo
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Read Online
- Synthesis of 1-hetarylethylphosphonates
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Previously unknown potentially biologically active diethyl 1-(pyridin-3-yl)-, 1-(quinolin-3-yl)-, and 1-(quinolin-6-yl)ethylphosphonates were synthesized by palladium-catalyzed reduction of the corresponding α,β-unsaturated precursors with ammonium formate. The reduction of diethyl 1-(quinolin-6-yl)ethenylphosphonate was accompanied by formation of diethyl 1-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl)ethylphosphonate as by-product.
- Gulyukina,Beletskaya
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Read Online
- Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Optical Properties of Highly Conjugated Alkynyl-Ferrocenes and -Biferrocenes
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Sonogashira reactions are utilized herein to react iodo-ferrocenes and -biferrocenes with terminal alkyne ligands, functionalized with both pyridine and thioanisole groups. High-yielding reactions generate both monoalkynyl and dialkynyl derivatives, the r
- Bennett, Troy L. R.,Wilkinson, Luke A.,Lok, Jasmine M. A.,O'Toole, Robert C. P.,Long, Nicholas J.
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p. 1156 - 1162
(2021/05/06)
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- Synthesis and Photochemical Application of Hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) Based Fluoroalkyl Building Block
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A novel fluoroalkyl iodide was synthesized on multigram scale from refrigerant gas HFO-1234yf as cheap industrial starting material in a simple, solvent-free, and easily scalable process. We demonstrated its applicability in a metal-free photocatalytic ATRA reaction to synthesize valuable fluoroalkylated vinyl iodides and proved the straightforward transformability of the products in cross-coupling chemistry to obtain conjugated systems.
- Varga, Bálint,Tóth, Balázs L.,Béke, Ferenc,Csenki, János T.,Kotschy, András,Novák, Zoltán
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supporting information
p. 4925 - 4929
(2021/07/01)
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- Design and characterization of a heterocyclic electrophilic fragment library for the discovery of cysteine-targeted covalent inhibitors
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A fragment library of electrophilic small heterocycles was characterized through cysteine-reactivity and aqueous stability tests that suggested their potential as covalent warheads. The analysis of theoretical and experimental descriptors revealed correlations between the electronic properties of the heterocyclic cores and their reactivity against GSH that are helpful in identifying suitable fragments for cysteines with specific nucleophilicity. The most important advantage of these fragments is that they show only minimal structural differences from non-electrophilic counterparts. Therefore, they could be used effectively in the design of targeted covalent inhibitors with minimal influence on key non-covalent interactions.
- Keeley,ábrányi-Balogh,Keseru
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supporting information
p. 263 - 267
(2019/03/05)
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- Octahedral [Pd6L8]12+ Metallosupramolecular Cages: Synthesis, Structures and Guest-Encapsulation Studies
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Four planar tripyridyl ligands (Ltripy), 1,3,5-tris(pyridin-3-ylethynyl)benzene 1 a, 1,3,5-tris[4-(3-pyridyl)phenyl]benzene 2 a, and the hexyloxy chain functionalized derivatives 1,3,5-tris[(3-hexyloxy-5-pyridyl)ethynyl]benzene 1 b, and 1,3,5-tris[4-(3-hexyloxy-5-pyridyl)phenyl]benzene 2 b, were synthesized and used to generate a family of [Pd6(Ltripy)8](BF4)12 octahedral cages (Ltripy=1 a, b or 2 a, b). The ligands and cages were characterized using a combination of 1H, 13C, and DOSY nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, high resolution electrospray mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and in three cases, X-ray crystallography. The molecular recognition properties of the cages with neutral and anionic guests were examined, in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), using NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and molecular modeling. No binding was observed with simple aliphatic and aromatic guest molecules. However, anionic sulfonates were found to interact with the octahedral cages and the binding interaction was size selective. The smaller [Pd6(1 a, b)8]12+ cages were able to interact with three p-toluenesulfonate guest molecules while the larger [Pd6(2 a, b)8]12+ systems could host four of the anionic guest molecules. To probe the importance of the hydrophobic effect, a mixed water–DMSO (1:1) solvent system was used to reexamine the binding of the neutral organic guests adamantane, anthracene, pyrene and 1,8-naphthalimide within the cages. In this solvent system all the guests except adamantane were observed to bind within the cavities of the cages. NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling indicated that the cages bind multiple copies of the individual guests (between 3–6 guest molecules per cage).
- Kim, Tae Y.,Digal, Lori,Gardiner, Michael G.,Lucas, Nigel T.,Crowley, James D.
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supporting information
p. 15089 - 15097
(2017/10/11)
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- Small Molecule Inhibitors Simultaneously Targeting Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetics: Discovery of Novel Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Dual Inhibitors
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Cancer metabolism and epigenetics are among the most intensely pursued research areas in anticancer drug discovery. Here we report the first small molecules that simultaneously inhibit nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC), two important targets of cancer metabolism and epigenetics, respectively. Through iterative structure-based drug design, chemical synthesis, and biological assays, a highly potent dual NAMPT and HDAC inhibitor was successfully identified. Compound 35 possessed excellent and balanced activities against both NAMPT (IC50 = 31 nM) and HDAC1 (IC50 = 55 nM). It could effectively induce cell apoptosis and autophagy and ultimately led to cell death. Importantly, compound 35 showed excellent in vivo antitumor efficacy in the HCT116 xenograft model. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the feasibility of discovering an inhibitor targeting cancer metabolism and epigenetics and provides an efficient strategy for multitarget antitumor drug discovery.
- Dong, Guoqiang,Chen, Wei,Wang, Xia,Yang, Xinglin,Xu, Tianying,Wang, Pei,Zhang, Wannian,Rao, Yu,Miao, Chaoyu,Sheng, Chunquan
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p. 7965 - 7983
(2017/10/18)
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- Heterocyclic compound and organic light-emitting device including the same
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A heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 below, and an organic light-emitting device including the heterocyclic compound:
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Page/Page column 88
(2017/08/26)
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- Na2S-mediated synthesis of terminal alkynes from: Gem -dibromoalkenes
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The Na2S-mediated facile synthesis of terminal alkynes from gem-dibromoalkenes, at 20/40 °C under open flask conditions has been developed. Various precursors derived from heteroaromatic/aromatic/aliphatic aldehydes were found compatible. The reaction is proposed to proceed through the Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell (FBW) rearrangement involving the corresponding vinyl carbene. Using mild reaction conditions with inexpensive Na2S·9H2O under air atmosphere has significant advantages over earlier routes.
- Singh, Radhey M.,Nandini, Durgesh,Bharadwaj, Kishor Chandra,Gupta, Tanu,Singh, Raj Pal
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p. 9979 - 9982
(2017/12/26)
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- Reaction discovery using acetylene gas as the chemical feedstock accelerated by the stop-flow micro-tubing reactor system
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Acetylene gas has been applied as a feedstock under transition-metal catalysis and photo-redox conditions to produce important chemicals including terminal alkynes, fulvenes, and fluorinated styrene compounds. The reaction discovery process was accelerated through the use of stop-flow micro-tubing reactors. This reactor prototype was developed by joining elements from both continuous micro-flow and conventional batch reactors, which was convenient and effective for gas/liquid reaction screening. Notably, the developed transformations were either inefficient or unsuccessful in conventional batch reactors. Its success relies on the unique advantages provided by this stop-flow micro-tubing reactor system.
- Xue, Fei,Deng, Hongping,Xue, Chengwen,Mohamed, Dara Khairunnisa Binte,Tang, Karen Yuanting,Wu, Jie
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p. 3623 - 3627
(2017/07/11)
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- Self-Assembly of Extended Head-to-Tail Triangular Pt3 Macrocycles into Nanotubes
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New pyridylsalicylaldimine-based ligands with extended conjugation have been synthesized. The reaction of these ligands with K2PtCl4 yielded triangular Pt3 macrocycles rather than the anticipated Pt4 macrocycles. The macrocycles have been analyzed in solution by variable-temperature and variable-concentration 1H NMR, NOESY, and DOSY spectroscopy studies. These investigations show that the macrocycles aggregate at room temperature in solution by an entropy-driven process. In the solid state, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy studies show that the macrocycles aggregate into nanotubular structures. Triangular platinum-containing macrocycles with the expanded pyridylsalicylaldimine ligands are promising for constructing nanotubes and discotic liquid crystals.
- Chen, Zhengyu,Sahli, Brian J.,MacLachlan, Mark J.
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p. 5383 - 5391
(2017/05/08)
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- 2,4,6-Triaminopyrimidine as a Novel Hinge Binder in a Series of PI3Kδ Selective Inhibitors
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Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) is an appealing target for several hematological malignancies and inflammatory diseases. Herein, we describe the discovery and optimization of a series of propeller shaped PI3Kδ inhibitors comprising a novel triaminopyrimidine hinge binder. Combinations of electronic and structural strategies were employed to mitigate aldehyde oxidase mediated metabolism. This medicinal chemistry effort culminated in the identification of 52, a potent and highly selective inhibitor of PI3Kδ that demonstrates efficacy in a rat model of arthritis.
- Patel, Leena,Chandrasekhar, Jayaraman,Evarts, Jerry,Haran, Aaron C.,Ip, Carmen,Kaplan, Joshua A.,Kim, Musong,Koditek, David,Lad, Latesh,Lepist, Eve-Irene,McGrath, Mary E.,Novikov, Nikolai,Perreault, Stephane,Puri, Kamal D.,Somoza, John R.,Steiner, Bart H.,Stevens, Kirk L.,Therrien, Joseph,Treiberg, Jennifer,Villase?or, Armando G.,Yeung, Arthur,Phillips, Gary
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p. 3532 - 3548
(2016/05/19)
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- Upconverting Nanoparticles Prompt Remote Near-Infrared Photoactivation of Ru(II)-Arene Complexes
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The synthesis and full characterisation (including X-ray diffraction studies and DFT calculations) of two new piano-stool RuII-arene complexes, namely [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpy)(m-CCH-Py)][(PF)6]2 (1) and [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(m-CCH-Py)][(PF)6]2 (2; p-cym=p-cymene, bpy=2,2′-bipyridine, bpm=2,2′-bipyrimidine, and m-CCH-Py=3-ethynylpyridine), is described and discussed. The reaction of the m-CCH-Py ligand of 1 and 2 with diethyl-3-azidopropyl phosphonate by Cu-catalysed click chemistry affords [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpy)(P-Trz-Py)][(PF)6]2 (3) and [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(P-Trz-Py)][(PF)6]2 (4; P-Trz-Py=[3-(1-pyridin-3-yl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl)-propyl]phosphonic acid diethyl ester). Upon light excitation at λ=395 nm, complexes 1-4 photodissociate the monodentate pyridyl ligand and form the aqua adduct ions [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpy)(H2O)]2+ and [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(H2O)]2+. Thulium -doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are functionalised with 4, thus exploiting their surface affinity for the phosphonate group in the complex. The so-obtained nanosystem UCNP@4 undergoes near-infrared (NIR) photoactivation at λ=980 nm, thus producing the corresponding reactive aqua species that binds the DNA-model base guanosine 5′-monophosphate.
- Ruggiero, Emmanuel,Garino, Claudio,Mareque-Rivas, Juan C.,Habtemariam, Abraha,Salassa, Luca
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supporting information
p. 2801 - 2811
(2016/02/26)
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- Heterocycle compound and organic light emitting device comprising same
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Provided is a material which has excellent electrical properties, high electrical transport ability, and light emissivity, has high glass transition temperature, and prevents crystallization. Disclosed are a heterocyclic compound of chemical formula 1, and an organic light emitting device including the same. The content of substituents of chemical formula 1 refers to the detailed description.(AA) Second electrode(BB) Electron injection layer(CC) Electron transfer layer(DD) Light emitting layer(EE) Hole transfer layer(FF) Hole injection layer(GG) First electrodeCOPYRIGHT KIPO 2015
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Paragraph 0214; 0215; 0216
(2016/10/10)
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- Substituent parameters impacting isomer composition and optical properties of dihydroindolizine molecular switches
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In an attempt to understand which factors influence constitutional isomer control of 6′- and 8′-substituted dihydroindolizines (DHIs), a series of asymmetric pyridines was condensed with dimethyl spiro[cycloprop[2] ene-1,9′-fluorene]-2,3-dicarboxylate. The substituents on the pyridial derivatives ranged from donating to withdrawing and demonstrated control over the isomeric ratios for all DHIs. Substituent control proved to be selective for the highly donating amino, which exclusively formed the 8′ isomer. The same ratios were reproduced via photolytic experiments, which suggested that the condensation reaction is dominated by the products thermodynamic stability. The electronic influences of the substituents extends beyond isomer control, as it impacts the DHIs optical properties and electrocyclization (switching) rates to the spiro conformers. Our results allow us to predict the syntheses and properties of future 6′- or 8′-substituted DHIs, molecules that will be applied in understanding the role of the dipole vector orientation to work function switching.
- Bartucci, Matthew A.,Ciszek, Jacob W.
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supporting information
p. 5586 - 5594
(2014/07/08)
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- Amino derivatives of indolone-N-oxide: Preparation and antiplasmodial properties
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There is an urgent need for new antimalarial drugs with novel mechanisms of action on novel targets. Indolone-N-oxides (INODs) display antimalarial properties in vitro and in vivo, but identified leads such as 6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-oxy-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]
- Najahi, Ennaji,Rakotoarivelo, Nambinina V.,Valentin, Alexis,Nepveu, Fran?oise
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p. 369 - 375
(2014/03/21)
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- Rhenium(I) polypyridine diamine complexes as intracellular phosphorogenic sensors: Synthesis, characterization, emissive behavior, biological properties, and nitric oxide sensing
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We report the development of a series of rhenium(I) polypyridine complexes appended with an electron-rich diaminoaromatic moiety as phosphorogenic sensors for nitric oxide (NO). The diamine complexes [Re(N^N)(CO)3(py-DA)] [PF6] (py-DA=3-(N-(2-amino-5-methoxyphenyl)aminomethyl)pyridine; N^N=1,10-phenanthroline (phen) (1a), 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Me4-phen) (2a), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Ph 2-phen) (3a)) have been synthesized and characterized. In contrast to common rhenium(I) diimines, these diamine complexes were very weakly emissive due to quenching of the triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer ( 3MLCT) emission by the diaminoaromatic moiety through photoinduced electron transfer (PET). Upon treatment with NO, the complexes were converted into the triazole derivatives [Re(N^N)(CO)3(py-triazole)][PF 6] (py-triazole=3-((6-methoxybenzotriazol-1-yl)methyl)pyridine; N^N=phen (1b), Me4-phen (2b), Ph2-phen (3b)), resulting in significant emission enhancement (I/I0≈60). The diamine complexes exhibited high reaction selectivity to NO, and their emission intensity was found to be independent on pH. Also, these complexes were effectively internalized by HeLa cells and RAW264.7 macrophages with negligible cytotoxicity. Additionally, the use of complex 3a as an intracellular phosphorogenic sensor for NO has been demonstrated. Emission turned ON for NO: A series of rhenium(I) polypyridine complexes functionalized with an electron-rich diaminoaromatic moiety has been developed as a new class of phosphorogenic sensors for NO. Upon treatment with NO, the weakly emissive complexes were converted into the strongly emissive triazole derivatives, resulting in significant emission enhancement (I/I0≈60; see figure). Experiments showed that the diamine complexes can sense NO that is 1) generated exogenously by NOC-7 in HeLa cells and 2) produced endogenously in RAW264.7 macrophages.
- Choi, Alex Wing-Tat,Yim, Vicki Man-Wai,Liu, Hua-Wei,Lo, Kenneth Kam-Wing
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p. 9633 - 9642
(2014/08/18)
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- Pseudo five-component synthesis of 3-(hetero)arylmethyl-2,5-di(hetero)-aryl-substituted thiophenes via sonogashira-glaser cyclization sequence
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The Sonogashira-Glaser sequence combined with a microwave-assisted cyclization is a powerful tool to synthesize unsymmetrically substituted conjugated thiophenes. A variety of 3-(hetero)arylmethyl-2,5-di(hetero)aryl-substituted thiophenes could be synthesized in moderate to excellent yields using a single Pd/Cu catalyst system. The presented method is strikingly simple to perform using commercially available starting materials. The obtained trisubstituted oligothiophene derivatives are interesting molecules for materials science.
- Klukas, Fabian,Perkampus, J?rg,Urselmann, Dominik,Müller, Thomas J. J.
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p. 3415 - 3422
(2015/02/02)
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- Aerobic oxynitration of alkynes with tBuONO and TEMPO
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An efficient method for stereoselective nitroaminoxylation of alkyne has been reported. The reaction enjoys a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and high yields. Synthetically useful α-nitroketones can be accessed through these products in a single step.
- Dutta, Uttam,Maity, Soham,Kancherla, Rajesh,Maiti, Debabrata
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supporting information
p. 6302 - 6305
(2015/02/19)
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- Regio- and stereoselective dimerization of arylacetylenes and optical and electrochemical studies of (E)-1,3-enynes
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The N-heterocyclic carbene palladium complex (SIPr)Pd(cinnamyl)Cl [SIPr=N,N'-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene) promotes regio- and stereospecific dimerization of a variety of arylalkynes to give (E)-1,3-enynes in good to excellent yields. An efficient and practical procedure for their synthesis was developed using a biphasic aqueous alkali/heptane system. Optical and electronic properties of (E)-1,3-enynes are highly tunable. Depending on the nature of the substituents, HOMO energies vary in the range 5.3-6.0eV. (E)-1,3-Enynes can exhibit intense photoluminescence in the spectral region 350-500nm.
- Morozov, Oleg S.,Asachenko, Andrey F.,Antonov, Denis V.,Kochurov, Vitaly S.,Paraschuk, Dmitry Yu.,Nechaev, Mikhail S.
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supporting information
p. 2671 - 2678
(2014/09/29)
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- Palladium-catalyzed trifluoroethylation of terminal alkynes with 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-iodoethane
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An efficient Csp-CH2CF3 bond-forming reaction via Pd-catalyzed 2,2,2-trifluoroethylation of aryl and alkyl terminal alkynes has been developed. This protocol proceeds under mild conditions using the readily available and cheap reagent CF3CH2I as the source of the CH2CF3 group. Various terminal aryl alkynes as well as alkylacetylenes can be transformed into the corresponding trifluoroethylated products in good-to-excellent yields. The method is tolerant of carbonyl, nitro, ester, cyano, and even formyl groups.
- Feng, Yi-Si,Xie, Chuan-Qi,Qiao, Wen-Long,Xu, Hua-Jian
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supporting information
p. 936 - 939
(2013/03/28)
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- Rapid discovery of a novel series of Abl kinase inhibitors by application of an integrated microfluidic synthesis and screening platform
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Drug discovery faces economic and scientific imperatives to deliver lead molecules rapidly and efficiently. Using traditional paradigms the molecular design, synthesis, and screening loops enforce a significant time delay leading to inefficient use of data in the iterative molecular design process. Here, we report the application of a flow technology platform integrating the key elements of structure-activity relationship (SAR) generation to the discovery of novel Abl kinase inhibitors. The platform utilizes flow chemistry for rapid in-line synthesis, automated purification, and analysis coupled with bioassay. The combination of activity prediction using Random-Forest regression with chemical space sampling algorithms allows the construction of an activity model that refines itself after every iteration of synthesis and biological result. Within just 21 compounds, the automated process identified a novel template and hinge binding motif with pIC50 > 8 against Abl kinase - both wild type and clinically relevant mutants. Integrated microfluidic synthesis and screening coupled with machine learning design have the potential to greatly reduce the time and cost of drug discovery within the hit-to-lead and lead optimization phases.
- Desai, Bimbisar,Dixon, Karen,Farrant, Elizabeth,Feng, Qixing,Gibson, Karl R.,Van Hoorn, Willem P.,Mills, James,Morgan, Trevor,Parry, David M.,Ramjee, Manoj K.,Selway, Christopher N.,Tarver, Gary J.,Whitlock, Gavin,Wright, Adrian G.
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supporting information
p. 3033 - 3047
(2013/05/22)
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- Microwave-accelerated Ru-catalyzed hydrovinylation of alkynes and enynes: A straightforward approach toward 1,3-dienes and 1,3,5-trienes
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Quick, but not dirty! Microwave heating was found to have a significant effect on the Ru-catalyzed hydrovinylations of alkynes. A broad range of different terminal alkynes were coupled to methyl acrylate within just 30min in good to excellent yields (see scheme). This new protocol was transferred to the hydrovinylation of enynes as novel coupling partners in C-H-activation chemistry giving different 1,3,5-trienes as the sole products. Copyright
- Schabel, Tobias,Plietker, Bernd
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supporting information
p. 6938 - 6941
(2013/06/27)
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- Cycloaddition-based formal C-H alkynylation of isoindoles leading to the synthesis of air-stable fluorescent 1,3-dialkynylisoindoles
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Reaction of N-alkylisoindoles with (bromoethynyl)triisopropylsilane afforded 1,3-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) isoindoles in high yields. The formal C-H alkynylation proceeds under transition-metal-free conditions through [4 + 2] cycloaddition of the pyrrole ring of isoindole with bromoalkyne followed by ring-opening of the product.
- Ohmura, Toshimichi,Kijima, Akihito,Komori, Yusuke,Suginome, Michinori
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supporting information
p. 3510 - 3513
(2013/08/23)
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- Gold-catalyzed oxazoles synthesis and their relevant antiproliferative activities
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Nine 5-aryl-2-methyloxazole derivatives were synthesized via gold-catalyzed alkyne oxidation. All of the compounds have been screened for their antiproliferative activities against MCF-7 cell (human breast carcinoma), A549 cell (human lung carcinoma) and
- Wu, Chao,Liang, Zhi-Wu,Xu, Ying-Ying,He, Wei-Min,Xiang, Jian-Nan
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p. 1064 - 1066
(2014/01/06)
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- METHODS FOR PREPARING DEUTERATED 1,2,3-TRIAZOLES
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This disclosure relates to a method that involves reacting an azide with an alkyne in the presence of deuterated water and a copper-containing catalyst, thereby forming a deuterated 1,2,3-triazole.
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Page/Page column 22-23
(2012/10/18)
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- Synthesis of deuterated 1,2,3-triazoles
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The copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is a highly effective method for the selective incorporation of deuterium atom into the C-5 position of the 1,2,3-triazole structure. Reactions of alkynes and azides can be conveniently carried out in a biphasic medium of CH2Cl 2/D2O, using the CuSO4/Na ascorbate system. The mildness of the method renders it applicable to substrates of relatively high complexity, such as nucleosides. Good yields and high levels of deuterium incorporation were observed. A reaction conducted in equimolar H2O and D2O showed 2.7 times greater incorporation of hydrogen atom as compared to deuterium. This is consistent with the H+ and D + ion concentrations in H2O and D2O, respectively. With appropriately deuterated precursors, partially to fully deuterated triazoles were assembled where the final deuterium atom was incorporated in the triazole-forming step.
- Akula, Hari K.,Lakshman, Mahesh K.
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p. 8896 - 8904,9
(2012/12/11)
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- Synthesis of deuterated 1,2,3-triazoles
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The copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is a highly effective method for the selective incorporation of deuterium atom into the C-5 position of the 1,2,3-triazole structure. Reactions of alkynes and azides can be conveniently carried out in a biphasic medium of CH2Cl 2/D2O, using the CuSO4/Na ascorbate system. The mildness of the method renders it applicable to substrates of relatively high complexity, such as nucleosides. Good yields and high levels of deuterium incorporation were observed. A reaction conducted in equimolar H2O and D2O showed 2.7 times greater incorporation of hydrogen atom as compared to deuterium. This is consistent with the H+ and D + ion concentrations in H2O and D2O, respectively. With appropriately deuterated precursors, partially to fully deuterated triazoles were assembled where the final deuterium atom was incorporated in the triazole-forming step.
- Akula, Hari K.,Lakshman, Mahesh K.
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p. 8896 - 8904
(2013/01/15)
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- One-pot, two-step conversion of aldehydes to phosphonyl- and sulfonylpyrazoles using Bestmann-Ohira reagent
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A one-pot, two-step, three-component method for the conversion of commercially available aldehydes to phosphonylpyrazoles has been developed, demonstrating, for the first time, the dual reactivity of the Bestmann-Ohira reagent (BOR) in a single-pot transformation. This method, extended to the synthesis of sulfonylpyrazoles by employing BOR in the first step and a diazomethyl sulfone in the second step, is complementary, with regard to regioselectivity, to the previous methods for the synthesis of such functionalized pyrazoles.
- Kumar, Rahul,Verma, Deepti,Mobin, Shaikh M.,Namboothiri, Irishi N. N.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4070 - 4073
(2012/09/21)
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- Discovery of 5-(arenethynyl) hetero-monocyclic derivatives as potent inhibitors of BCR-ABL including the T315I gatekeeper mutant
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Ponatinib (AP24534) was previously identified as a pan-BCR-ABL inhibitor that potently inhibits the T315I gatekeeper mutant, and has advanced into clinical development for the treatment of refractory or resistant CML. In this study, we explored a novel series of five and six membered monocycles as alternate hinge-binding templates to replace the 6,5-fused imidazopyridazine core of ponatinib. Like ponatinib, these monocycles are tethered to pendant toluanilides via an ethynyl linker. Several compounds in this series displayed excellent in vitro potency against both native BCR-ABL and the T315I mutant. Notably, a subset of inhibitors exhibited desirable PK and were orally active in a mouse model of T315I-driven CML.
- Thomas, Mathew,Huang, Wei-Sheng,Wen, David,Zhu, Xiaotian,Wang, Yihan,Metcalf, Chester A.,Liu, Shuangying,Chen, Ingrid,Romero, Jan,Zou, Dong,Sundaramoorthi, Raji,Li, Feng,Qi, Jiwei,Cai, Lisi,Zhou, Tianjun,Commodore, Lois,Xu, Qihong,Keats, Jeff,Wang, Frank,Wardwell, Scott,Ning, Yaoyu,Snodgrass, Joseph T.,Broudy, Marc I.,Russian, Karin,Iuliucci, John,Rivera, Victor M.,Sawyer, Tomi K.,Dalgarno, David C.,Clackson, Tim,Shakespeare, William C.
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scheme or table
p. 3743 - 3748
(2011/08/06)
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- Convenient synthesis of terminal alkynes from anti-3-aryl-2,3- dibromopropanoic acids using a K2CO3/DMSO system
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A convenient, efficient, and generally applicable method was developed for the synthesis of terminal alkynes from anti-3-aryl-2,3-dibromopropanoic acids in the presence of DMSO and K2CO3.
- Cheng, Xuezhi,Jia, Jun,Kuang, Chunxiang
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experimental part
p. 2350 - 2354
(2012/02/03)
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- Cs2CO3-mediated synthesis of terminal alkynes from 1,1-dibromo-1-alkenes
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An unprecedented route to prepare terminal alkynes from 1,1-dibromo-1-alkenes mediated by Cs2CO3 was proven. 1,1-Dibromo-1-alkenes bearing various functional groups were efficiently converted to corresponding terminal alkynes in moderate to excellent yields.
- Zhao, Ming,Kuang, Chunxiang,Yang, Qing,Cheng, Xuezhi
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scheme or table
p. 992 - 994
(2011/03/22)
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- 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of alkynes to azides. Construction of operationally functional metal responsive fluorophores
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The copper catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 4-butoxyphenylazide with 2-, 3- or 4-ethynylpyridine furnishes 1,4-diaryltriazoles, which display turn-on fluorescence upon addition of metal cations. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Schweinfurth, David,Hardcastle, Kenneth I.,Bunz, Uwe H. F.
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p. 2203 - 2205
(2008/12/23)
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- Terminal alkynes from aldehydes via dehydrohalogenation of (Z)-1-iodo-1-alkenes with TBAF
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Terminal alkynes were prepared in near quantitative yields via dehydrohalogenation of (Z)-1-iodo-1-alkenes with tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) under mild conditions. The methodology was expanded to include a one-pot, direct synthesis of terminal alkynes from aldehydes without the necessity of isolating and purifying the intermediate iodoalkene.
- Beshai, Mira,Dhudshia, Bhartesh,Mills, Ryan,Thadani, Avinash N.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 6794 - 6796
(2009/04/07)
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- One-pot conversion of activated alcohols into 1,1-dibromoalkenes and terminal alkynes using tandem oxidation processes with manganese dioxide
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Approaches to the preparation of C1-homologated dibromoalkenes and terminal alkynes from activated alcohols using one-pot tandem oxidation processes (TOPs) with manganese dioxide are outlined. The conversion of alcohols into dibromoalkenes is described using dibromomethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide and the formation of terminal alkynes was achieved via a sequential one-pot, two-step process utilising the Bestmann-Ohira reagent.
- Quesada, Ernesto,Raw, Steven A.,Reid, Mark,Roman, Estelle,Taylor, Richard J.K.
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p. 6673 - 6680
(2007/10/03)
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- Reaction of C-silylated α-diazophosphines as nucleophiles toward carbonyl compounds: A mechanistic study and application to the synthesis of alkynes and α-hydroxyphosphonamides
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Diversely substituted α-hydroxyphosphonamides and alkynes have been efficiently synthesized through the reaction of C-silylated α- diazophosphines with different types of aldehydes (2 equiv) in a neutral medium under very mild conditions. The reaction with some chiral aldehydes is highly diastereoselective leading to phosphonamides as single diastereomers. The novel reaction is influenced by electronic and steric effects being precluded for aromatic aldehydes containing electron-releasing substituents on the phenyl ring and for bulky aliphatic aldehydes. The mechanistic studies of these processes, which are highly exothermic, provide evidence for a nucleophilic attack of the diazophosphine to the aldehyde leading to a betaine that rapidly rearranges to a diazomethylenephosphorane, which has been detected or captured in some instances. The diazomethylenephosphorane reacts with a second molecule of aldehyde according to a Wittig-type condensation, and the rate-determining step of the whole process is believed to be the decomposition of the resultant oxaphosphetane to afford the hydroxyphosphonamide and a diazocumulene. Finally, this intermediate loses molecular nitrogen giving a transient carbene that rapidly evolves toward the alkyne.
- Illa, Ona,Bagan, Xavier,Cazorla, Anna M.,Lyon, Celine,Baceiredo, Antoine,Branchadell, Vicenc,Ortuno, Rosa M.
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p. 5320 - 5327
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and receptor assay of aromatic-ethynyl-aromatic derivatives with potent mGluR5 antagonist activity
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Noncompetitive antagonists of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) have been implicated as potential therapeutics for the treatment of a variety of nervous system disorders, including pain, anxiety, and drug addiction. To discover novel noncompetitive antagonists to the mGluR5, we initiated an SAR study around the known lead compounds MPEP and M-MPEP. Our results pointed out the critical role of the para position of the two aromatic rings, which leads to inactive products and permitted the discovery of potent mGluR5 antagonists (e.g., 16, 25, 28, 34 IC50 = 13.5, 11.9, 21, 15 nM, respectively). Noncompetitive antagonists of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) have been implicated as potential therapeutics for the treatment of a variety of nervous system disorders, including pain, anxiety, and drug addiction. To discover novel noncompetitive antagonists to the mGluR5, we initiated an SAR study around the known lead compounds MPEP and M-MPEP. Our results pointed out the critical role of the para position of the two aromatic rings, which leads to inactive products and permitted the discovery of potent mGluR5 antagonists (e.g., 16, 25, 28, 34 IC50 = 13.5, 11.9, 21, 15 nM, respectively).
- Alagille, David,Baldwin, Ronald M.,Roth, Bryan L.,Wroblewski, Jarda T.,Grajkowska, Ewa,Tamagnan, Gilles D.
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p. 197 - 209
(2007/10/03)
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- Pyridazine, pyrimidine and pyrazine ethyne compounds
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In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a novel class of heterocyclic compounds. Compounds of the invention contain a substituted, unsaturated five, six or seven membered heterocyclic ring that includes at least one nitrogen atom and a
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- Imidazolyl and pyrazolyl ethyne compounds
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In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a novel class of heterocyclic compounds. Compounds of the invention contain a substituted, unsaturated five, six or seven membered heterocyclic ring that includes at least one nitrogen atom and a
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- Pyridazine, pyrimidine and pyrazine ethyne compounds
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In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a novel class of heterocyclic compounds. Compounds of the invention contain a substituted or unsubstituted six membered heterocyclic ring that includes at least two nitrogen atoms. The ring addit
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- One-pot conversion of activated alcohols into terminal alkynes using manganese dioxide in combination with the Bestmann-Ohira reagent
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The direct conversion of activated primary alcohols into terminal alkynes through a sequential one-pot, two-step process involving oxidation with manganese dioxide and then treatment with the Bestmann-Ohira reagent is described. This transformation proceeds efficiently (59-99% yield) under mild reaction conditions with a range of benzylic, heterocyclic and propargylic alcohols. A tandem variant is also described, which is successful only with highly activated substrates.
- Quesada, Ernesto,Taylor, Richard J.K.
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p. 6473 - 6476
(2007/10/03)
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- 4-Aryl-1,2,3-triazole: A novel template for a reversible methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor, optimized to inhibit angiogenesis in vivo
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Inhibitors of human methionine aminopeptidase type 2 (hMetAP2) are of interest as potential treatments for cancer. A new class of small molecule reversible inhibitors of hMetAP2 was discovered and optimized, the 4-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles. Compound 24, a potent inhibitor of cobalt-activated hMetAP2, also inhibits human and mouse endothelial cell growth. Using a mouse matrigel model, this reversible hMetAP2 inhibitor was also shown to inhibit angiogenesis in vivo.
- Kallander, Lara S.,Lu, Qing,Chen, Wenfang,Tomaszek, Thaddeus,Yang, Guang,Tew, David,Meek, Thomas D.,Hofmann, Glenn A.,Schulz-Pritchard, Christina K.,Smith, Ward W.,Janson, Cheryl A.,Ryan, M. Dominic,Zhang, Gui-Feng,Johanson, Kyung O.,Kirkpatrick, Robert B.,Ho, Thau F.,Fisher, Paul W.,Mattern, Michael R.,Johnson, Randall K.,Hansbury, Michael J.,Winkler, James D.,Ward, Keith W.,Veber, Daniel F.,Thompson, Scott K.
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p. 5644 - 5647
(2007/10/03)
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- Thiazolyl(pyridyl)ethyne compounds
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In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a novel class of heterocyclic compounds. Compounds of the invention contain a substituted, unsaturated five, six or seven membered heterocyclic ring that includes at least one nitrogen atom and a
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- Efficient synthesis of a complete donor/acceptor bis(aryl)diyne family
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A facile route to a family of bis(aryl)diynes containing both an electron donating pyridine ring and an electron accepting iodobenzene has been developed. The convergent synthesis involves the coupling of 2-, 3-, or 4-bromopyridine with TMS-acetylene, followed by deprotection to form the first half of the molecule. Similarly, 2-, 3-, or 4-iodoaniline was coupled to TMS-acetylene after protection of the amine group as a diethyltriazine. After conversion of the triazine to an iodine, deprotection of the acetylene and formation of the corresponding bromophenyl-acetylene, the two halves of the molecule were coupled under Cadiot-Chodkiewicz conditions. Nine new compounds were prepared, each of which was found to thermally polymerize from the melt. None of the compounds underwent photochemical polymerization in the solid-state.
- Holmes, Brian T.,Pennington, William T.,Hanks, Timothy W.
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p. 2447 - 2461
(2007/10/03)
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- Microwave-assisted in situ deprotection and ω-methoxylation of TMS-protected aryl alkynes
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Using microwave technology, rapid ω-methoxylation of aryl alkynes is possible.
- Wettergren, Jenny,Minidis, Alexander B. E.
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p. 7611 - 7612
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel 3-phenylprop-2-ynylamines as inhibitors of mammalian squalene epoxidase.
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The synthesis of a novel series of 3-phenylprop-2-ynylamines as selective mammalian squalene epoxidase inhibitors is described. Structure activity relationship studies led to the discovery of compound 19, 1-[3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-prop-2-ynyl]-3- methylpiperidine hydrochloride with an IC50 of 2.8 +/- 0.6 microM against rat liver squalene epoxidase. Against 23 strains of fungal squalene epoxidase compound 19 was found to be inactive.
- Musso, David L,Clarke, Morris J,Kelley, James L,Boswell, G Evan,Chen, Grace
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p. 498 - 506
(2007/10/03)
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- Thiazolyl(pyridyl)ethyne compounds
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In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a novel class of heterocyclic compounds. Compounds of the invention contain a substituted, unsaturated five, six or seven membered heterocyclic ring that includes at least one nitrogen atom and a
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- 4- AND 5-ALKYNYLOXINDOLES AND 4- AND 5-ALKENYLOXINDOLES
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4- and 5-alkynyloxindoles as well as 4- and 5-alkenyloxindoles having formula (I) and (II), wherein R, R, R, R, R, X and z have the meaning indicated in the specification, inhibit or modulate protein kinases, in particular JNK protein kinases and are useful as anti-inflammatory agents, particularly in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Page/Page column 41
(2010/02/04)
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- Antiinflammation agents
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Compounds, compositions and methods that are useful in the treatment of inflammatory, immunoregulatory, metabolic and cell proliferative conditions or diseases are provided herein. In particular, the invention provides compounds which modulate the expression and/or function of proteins involved in inflammation, metabolism and cell proliferation. The subject compounds contain fused carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings.
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