- Photoalignment layers for liquid crystals from the di-π-methane rearrangement
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Photoalignment of nematic liquid crystals is demonstrated using a di-π-methane rearrangement of a designed polymer. The alignment mechanism makes use of the strong coupling of the liquid crystal directors to dibenzobarrelene groups. The large structural c
- Cox, Jason R.,Simpson, Jeffrey H.,Swager, Timothy M.
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Read Online
- AZA-PYRIDONE COMPOUNDS AND USES THEREOF
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Disclosed herein are aza-pyridone compounds, pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more aza-pyridone compounds, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a disease and/or a condition, including an orthomyxovirus infection, with an aza-pyridone compound. Examples of an orthomyxovirus viral infection include an influenza infection.
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Paragraph 0230
(2016/09/26)
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- Designed synthesis of multi-electrochromic systems bearing diaryl ketone and isophthalates
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New multi-electrochromic systems have been developed through the combination of a diaryl ketyl radical system with isophthalate-based electrochromic materials. The location of the isophthalate group in compounds is very critical to obtaining different colors in the multi-electrochromism.
- Sharmoukh,Ko, Kyoung Chul,Noh, Changho,Lee, Jin Yong,Son, Seung Uk
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scheme or table
p. 6708 - 6711
(2010/12/19)
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- Synthesis and characterization of fullerene derivatives with perfluoroalkyl groups
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Two novel C60 fullerene derivatives containing one or two perfluorooctyl groups were designed and efficiently synthesized. Organic field-effect transistors based on the bisperfluorooctyl compound 1 show high mobility up to 6.7 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s and high on/off ratio up to 5 × 107, which qualifies compound 1 as promising n-type conductor material. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2009.
- Wang, Xuemei,Guo, Yunlong,Xiao, Yi,Zhang, Lei,Yu, Gui,Liu, Yunqi
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3258 - 3262
(2010/05/02)
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- Superactivity and dual reactivity of the system N-iodosuccinimide-H 2SO4 in the iodination of deactivated arenes
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Dissolution of N-iodosuccinimide in sulfuric acid gives rise to electrophilic iodine-containing species which are capable of successfully iodinating aromatic compounds with electron-withdrawing substituents in the temperature range from 0 to 20°C. The iodination in sulfuric acid is effected by both protonated N-iodosuccinimide and IOS(O)(OH+)OH intermediate.
- Chaikovskii,Filimonov,Skorokhodov,Ogorodnikov
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p. 1278 - 1281
(2008/03/27)
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- Oxidative iodination of deactivated arenes in concentrated sulfuric acid with I2/NaIO4 and KI/NaIO4 iodinating systems
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Deactivated arenes were mono- or diiodinated with strong electrophilic I+ reagents, which were prepared from NaIO4 and either I2 or KI in concentrated H2SO4 (minimum 95% by weight). In general a small excess of the dark brown iodinating solution was used (1.1/1.5 equivalents, for nitrobenzene two equivalents was required). The iodinations were conducted at 25-30 °C with a reaction time of 1-2 hours using either a 'direct' or an 'inverse' method of aromatic iodination to give mono- or diiodinated pure products in 31-91% optimized yields. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Kraszkiewicz, Lukasz,Sosnowski, Maciej,Skulski, Lech
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p. 1195 - 1199
(2007/10/03)
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- Eco-friendly oxidative iodination of various arenes with sodium percarbonate as the oxidant http://www.mdpi.org
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Six easy laboratory procedures are presented for the oxidative iodination of various aromatics, mostly arenes, with either molecular iodine or potassium iodide (used as the sources of iodinating species, I+ or I 3+), in the presence of sodium percarbonate (SPC), a stable, cheap, easy to handle, and eco-friendly commercial oxidant.
- Zielinska, Agnieszka,Skulski, Lech
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p. 1307 - 1317
(2007/10/03)
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- Eco-friendly Oxidative Iodination of Various Arenes with a Urea-Hydrogen Peroxide Adduct (UHP) as the Oxidant
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Three easy eco-friendly laboratory procedures are presented for the oxidative iodination of various activated and deactivated arenes with molecular iodine, in the presence of UHP (percarbamide), a stable, strongly H-bonded, solid urea-hydrogen peroxide adduct as the oxidant.
- Lulinski, Piotr,Kryska, Anna,Sosnowski, Maciej,Skulski, Lech
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p. 441 - 445
(2007/10/03)
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- Chemical Manganese Dioxide (CMD): Its application to the oxidative iodination of benzene, halobenzenes and some deactivated arenes
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After comparing our previous and newer results for numerous oxidative aromatic iodination experiments using various brands (of active MnO2 as the oxidants, we recommend the use of a Chemical Manganese Dioxide (Aldrich CMD; 90+% (MnO2) as the oxidant of choice, since it is satisfactorily pure and chemically active, and is notably less costly than other options.
- Lulinski, Piotr,Krassowska-Swiebocka, Barbara,Skulski, Lech
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p. 595 - 601
(2007/10/03)
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- Easy, inexpensive and effective oxidative iodination of deactivated arenes in sulfuric acid
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Two 'model' deactivated arenes, benzoic acid and nitrobenzene, were effectively monoiodinated within 1 h at 25-30 °C, with strongly electrophilic I+ reagents, prior prepared from diiodine and various oxidants (CrO3, KMnO4, active MnO2, HIO 3, NaIO3, or NaIO4) in 90% (v/v) concd sulfuric acid (ca. 75 mol% H2SO4). Next, an I2/ NaIO3/90% (v/v) concd H2SO4 exemplary system was used to effectively mono- or diiodinate a number of deactivated arenes. All former papers dealing with the direct iodination of deactivated arenes are briefly reviewed.
- Kraszkiewicz, Lukasz,Sosnowski, MacIej,Skulski, Lech
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p. 9113 - 9119
(2007/10/03)
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- Iodination of both deactivated and activated arenes with sodium periodate or sodium iodate as the oxidants
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Five easy, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally-safe aromatic oxidative iodination procedures are presented; three of them are particularly suitable for deactivated arenes. Nine deactivated arenes, four halobenzenes, benzene, toluene, and N,N-dimethylaniline were reacted upon with the following anhydrous systems: diiodine/NaIO4 or (in four cases) NaIO3/acetic anhydride/glacial acetic acid, acidified with varying amounts of concd (98%) sulfuric acid; the following workups are explained. The aromatic oxidative iodination reactions proceeded mostly at room temperature and within 1-8 h to give fifteen mono- and two diiodinated purified products (sometimes obtained in 2-3 different ways) in 51-95% yields.
- Lulinski, Piotr,Skulski, Lech
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p. 951 - 956
(2007/10/03)
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- Oxidative iodination of arenes with manganese(IV) oxide or potassium permanganate as the oxidants
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Novel and easy laboratory methods (novel Procedures 1-4) are presented for the oxidative mono- and diiodination of both activated and deactivated arenes, which gave the pure iodinated products in 62-89% yields. The reactions were carried out in the anhydrous, strongly acidic system, I2/activated MnO2/AcOH/Ac2O/concd H2SO4, firstly at r.t. for 2 h, then at 45-55 °C for 2-9 h. The resulting mixtures were poured into excess aq Na2SO3 solution buffered with (NH4)2CO3 to neutralize H2SO4. The following workups are given. Similarly, on carrying out the iodination reactions (at 35 °C, for one hour) in the anhydrous, strongly acidic system, I2/KMnO4/AcOH/Ac2O/concd H2SO4, it was possible to mono- or diiodinate several deactivated arenes in 73-87% yields (improved Procedures 5 and 6).
- Lulinski, Piotr,Skulski, Lech
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p. 115 - 120
(2007/10/03)
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- The direct iodination of arenes with chromium(VI) oxide as the oxidant
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An easy and cheap laboratory method is presented for the direct mono- and diiodination of a number of activated and deactivated arenes. The main iodination reactions occurred at the temperatures not exceeding 65°C for 0.5-12 h in the anhydrous, strongly acidic liquid system, I2/AcOH/Ac2O/H2SO4, in the presence of prior dissolved CrO3 used as the oxidant. The yields of the pure iodinated products varied from 31% (for 3,5- diiodobenzoic acid) up to 90% (for 4-iodoanisole). So far, benzonitrile and some oxidizable aromatics, e.g. naphthalene, fluorene, xanthene, and thiophene, have been found to be unsuitable for the effective iodination. Nevertheless, this novel, simple method of direct iodination is worthy to be extended to other appropriate aromatics.
- Lulinski, Piotr,Skulski, Lech
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p. 1665 - 1669
(2007/10/03)
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