28399-50-0Relevant articles and documents
Engineering anthracycline biosynthesis toward angucyclines
Metsae-Ketelae, Mikko,Palmu, Kaisa,Kunnari, Tero,Ylihonko, Kristiina,Maentsaelae, Pekka
, p. 1291 - 1296 (2003)
The biosynthesis pathways of two anthracyclines, nogalamycin and aclacinomycin, were directed toward angucyclines by using an angucycline-specific cyclase, pgaF, isolated from a silent antibiotic biosynthesis gene cluster. Addition of pgaF to a gene cassette that harbored the early biosynthesis genes of nogalamycin resulted in the production of two known angucyclinone metabolites, rabelomycin and its precursor, UWM6. Substrate flexibility of pgaF was demonstrated by replacement of the nogalamycin minimal polyketide synthase genes in the gene cassette with the equivalent aclacinomycin genes together with aknE2 and aknF, which specify the unusual propionate starter unit in aclacinomycin biosynthesis. This modification led to the production of a novel angucyclinone, MM2002, in which the expected ethyl side chain was incorporated into the fourth ring.
Synthesis of angucyclines. 8. Biomimetic-type synthesis of rabelomycin, tetrangomycin, and related ring B aromatic angucyclinones
Krohn, Karsten,Boeker, Norbert,Floerke, Ulrich,Freund, Christian
, p. 2350 - 2356 (2007/10/03)
The angucyclinones with aromatic ring B (1a-c and 2a-c) are prepared in a biomimetic-type synthesis by two successive aldol cyclizations starting from the substituted naphthoquinones 12a-c. In both cyclization steps the C-H acidity of the potential nucleophilic centers determines the mode of cyclization under kinetically controlled conditions. The tetrahydroanthraquinones 13a-c/14a-c are hydroxylated at C-4 to the phenolic anthraquinones 16a-c upon treatment with excess NMO.
Synthetic Angucyclines, 3. First Total Synthesis of rac-Rabelomycin by Diels-Alder Reaction
Krohn, Karsten,Khanbabaee, Karamali,Floerke, Ulrich,Jones, Peter G.,Chrapkowski, Axel
, p. 471 - 478 (2007/10/02)
Conjugate addition of the 2-siloxydienes 5a and 5b to juglone (4a) or 3-chlorojuglone (4b) affords the products 6-8a and 8b, respectively.The reaction of 4a with furan 10 yields the substitution product 11, which is converted to the 5-hydroxybutenolide 12