- Rational Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Heterocyclic Quinolones Targeting the Respiratory Chain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
A high-throughput screen (HTS) was undertaken against the respiratory chain dehydrogenase component, NADH:menaquinone oxidoreductase (Ndh) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The 11000 compounds were selected for the HTS based on the known phenothiazine Ndh inhibitors, trifluoperazine and thioridazine. Combined HTS (11000 compounds) and in-house screening of a limited number of quinolones (50 compounds) identified ～100 hits and four distinct chemotypes, the most promising of which contained the quinolone core. Subsequent Mtb screening of the complete in-house quinolone library (350 compounds) identified a further ～90 hits across three quinolone subtemplates. Quinolones containing the amine-based side chain were selected as the pharmacophore for further modification, resulting in metabolically stable quinolones effective against multi drug resistant (MDR) Mtb. The lead compound, 42a (MTC420), displays acceptable antituberculosis activity (Mtb IC50 = 525 nM, Mtb Wayne IC50 = 76 nM, and MDR Mtb patient isolates IC50 = 140 nM) and favorable pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles.
- Hong, W. David,Gibbons, Peter D.,Leung, Suet C.,Amewu, Richard,Stocks, Paul A.,Stachulski, Andrew,Horta, Pedro,Cristiano, Maria L. S.,Shone, Alison E.,Moss, Darren,Ardrey, Alison,Sharma, Raman,Warman, Ashley J.,Bedingfield, Paul T. P.,Fisher, Nicholas E.,Aljayyoussi, Ghaith,Mead, Sally,Caws, Maxine,Berry, Neil G.,Ward, Stephen A.,Biagini, Giancarlo A.,O’Neill, Paul M.,Nixon, Gemma L.
-
supporting information
p. 3703 - 3726
(2017/05/19)
-
- Rapid and efficient copper-catalyzed finkelstein reaction of (hetero)aromatics under continuous-flow conditions
-
A general, rapid, and efficient method for the copper-catalyzed Finkelstein reaction of (hetero)aromatics has been developed using continuous flow to generate a variety of aryl iodides. The described method can tolerate a broad spectrum of functional groups, including N-H and O-H groups. Additionally, in lieu of isolation, the aryl iodide solutions were used in two distinct multistep continuous-flow processes (amidation and Mg-I exchange/nucleophilic addition) to demonstrate the flexibility of this method.
- Chen, Mao,Ichikawa, Saki,Buchwald, Stephen L.
-
supporting information
p. 263 - 266
(2015/02/05)
-
- Photo-induced Metal-Catalyst-Free Aromatic Finkelstein Reaction
-
The facile iodination of aromatic compounds under mild conditions is a great challenge for both organic and medicinal chemistry. Particularly, the synthesis of functionalized aryl iodides by light has long been considered impossible due to their photo-lability, which actually makes aryl iodides popular starting materials in many photo-substitution reactions. Herein, a photo-induced halogen exchange in aryl or vinyl halides has been discovered for the first time. A broad scope of aryl iodides can be prepared in high yields at room temperature under exceptionally mild conditions without any metal or photo-redox catalysts. The presence of a catalytic amount of elemental iodine could promote the reaction significantly.
- Li, Lu,Liu, Wenbo,Zeng, Huiying,Mu, Xiaoyue,Cosa, Gonzalo,Mi, Zetian,Li, Chao-Jun
-
supporting information
p. 8328 - 8331
(2015/07/15)
-
- Hydrodehalogenation of aryl chlorides and aryl bromides using a microwave-assisted, copper-catalyzed concurrent tandem catalysis methodology
-
A concurrent tandem catalytic methodology has been developed for the hydrodehalogenation of aryl bromides and aryl chlorides. The first step of the tandem catalytic cycle, halogen exchange, produced yields of 84-97% from aryl bromides using 5 mol % CuI catalyst, 10 mol % N,N′-dimethylcyclohexane-1, 2-diamine (1), and 2 equiv of NaI in acetonitrile under microwave radiation at 100 C in 0.5-1.5 h. The same reaction for aryl chlorides appeared to be equilibrium-limited after 1 hour at 200 C (yields of 5-44%). Both aryl bromides and aryl chlorides were hydrodehalogenated in 12-87% yield using 20 mol % CuI, 1.5 equiv of diamine 1, and 2 equiv of NaI in acetonitrile at 200 C after 1-2 h. Substrates with oxygen- or nitrogen-containing functional groups had substantially lower yields than hydrocarbon substrates. Deuterium labeling studies suggest that diamine 1 supplies the majority of the hydrogen for the hydrodehalogenation reaction, but solvent can also serve as a source. This article not subject to U.S. Copyright. Published 2011 by the American Chemical Society.
- Cannon, Kathleen A.,Geuther, Meagan E.,Kelly, Colin K.,Lin, Shirley,MacArthur, Amy H. Roy
-
experimental part
p. 4067 - 4073
(2011/10/03)
-
- NOVEL HETERO PYRROLE ANALOGS ACTING ON CANNAPINOID RECEPTORS
-
Disclosed are biologically active hetero pyrrole analogs such as imidazoles, thiazoles, oxazoles and pyrazoles capable of interacting with the CB1 and/or CB2 cannabinoid receptors. Aspects disclose hetero pyrrole analogs acting as CB1 and/or CB 1 receptor
- -
-
Page/Page column 62
(2010/10/03)
-
- Opportunities for isotopic labelling via phase-tagged synthesis with organogermanium linkers
-
Strategies for the use of germanium-based linkers for the phase-tagged synthesis of isotopically labelled intermediates are described. Protocols of potential use in the devolatilization of volatile intermediates prepared from [14C]-CO2/su
- Spivey, Alan C.,Martin, Laetitia J.,Noban, Catherine,Jones, Teyrnon C.,Ellames, George J.,Kohler, Andrew D.
-
p. 281 - 285
(2008/02/08)
-
- Synthesis and reaction of secondary and primary diorganozinc reagents using a boron-zinc exchange reaction. A useful method for the stereo- and regioselective formation of new carbon-carbon bonds
-
Applications of the boron-zinc exchange reaction to make new carbon-carbon bonds are reviewed. Functionalized chiral secondary alkylzinc reagents can be prepared by this exchange reaction and allows to perform formal enantioselective Michael-additions wit
- Hupe, Eike,Calaza, M. Isabel,Knochel, Paul
-
p. 136 - 142
(2007/10/03)
-
- One-pot chemoselective functionalization of arylsilanes via cascade metal-metal exchange reactions
-
A cascade-transmetallation sequence allows a one-pot conversion of arylsilanes into functionalized arylcoppers; they react with various types of electrophiles (allylic halides, acid chlorides, bromoalkynes); bimetallic zinc-copper-reagents can be prepared by this method either directly or in a sequential fashion.
- Hupe, Eike,Calaza, M. Isabel,Knochel, Paul
-
p. 1390 - 1391
(2007/10/03)
-
- Role of ring C substituents related to allocolchicine on antitubulin action
-
The role of the ring C substituent oxygens of allocolchicine (1) in its binding to tubulin was examined by the synthesis of biphenyl analogs of allocolchicine (BAA) and determination of their antitubulin activities. The p-propyl BAA (3) was relatively ina
- Powell, Charles E.,Fitzgerald, Thomas J.
-
p. 164 - 173
(2007/10/03)
-
