- Nickel-catalyzed carboxylation of aryl and heteroaryl fluorosulfates using carbon dioxide
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The development of efficient and practical methods to construct carboxylic acids using CO2 as a C1 synthon is of great importance. Nickel-catalyzed carboxylation of aryl fluorosulfates and heteroaryl fluorosulfates with CO2 is described, affording arene carboxylic acids with good to excellent yields under mild conditions. In addition, a one-pot phenol fluorosulfation/carboxylation is developed.
- Ma, Cong,Zhao, Chuan-Qi,Xu, Xue-Tao,Li, Zhao-Ming,Wang, Xiang-Yang,Zhang, Kun,Mei, Tian-Sheng
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p. 2464 - 2467
(2019/04/10)
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- 2,6-DIOXO,-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PURINE COMPOUNDS USEFUL FOR TREATING DISORDERS RELATED TO THE ACTIVITY OF THE TRPA1 CHANNEL
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Compounds of formula (VIII) and compositions for treating disorders related to TRPA1 are described herein.
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Paragraph 0625
(2017/07/14)
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- Novel S1P1 receptor agonists - Part 3: From thiophenes to pyridines
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In preceding communications we summarized our medicinal chemistry efforts leading to the identification of potent, selective, and orally active S1P 1 agonists such as the thiophene derivative 1. As a continuation of these efforts, we replaced the thiophene in 1 by a 2-, 3-, or 4-pyridine and obtained less lipophilic, potent, and selective S1P1 agonists (e.g., 2) efficiently reducing blood lymphocyte count in the rat. Structural features influencing the compounds' receptor affinity profile and pharmacokinetics are discussed. In addition, the ability to penetrate brain tissue has been studied for several compounds. As a typical example for these pyridine based S1P 1 agonists, compound 53 showed EC50 values of 0.6 and 352 nM for the S1P1 and S1P3 receptor, respectively, displayed favorable PK properties, and penetrated well into brain tissue. In the rat, compound 53 maximally reduced the blood lymphocyte count for at least 24 h after oral dosing of 3 mg/kg.
- Bolli, Martin H.,Abele, Stefan,Birker, Magdalena,Bravo, Roberto,Bur, Daniel,De Kanter, Ruben,Kohl, Christopher,Grimont, Julien,Hess, Patrick,Lescop, Cyrille,Mathys, Boris,Müller, Claus,Nayler, Oliver,Rey, Markus,Scherz, Michael,Schmidt, Gunther,Seifert, Jürgen,Steiner, Beat,Velker, J?rg,Weller, Thomas
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supporting information
p. 110 - 130
(2014/02/14)
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- Protease inhibitors
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The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) which inhibit proteases, including cathepsin K, pharmaceutical compositions of such compounds, and methods for treating diseases of excessive bone loss or cartilage or matrix degradation, including osteoporosis; gingival disease including gingivitis and periodontitis; arthritis, more specifically, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis; Paget's disease; hypercalcemia or malignancy; and metabolic bone disease therewith.
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- Hydrolytic and metabolic characteristics of the esters of 1-(3'- hydroxypropyl)-2-methyl-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one (CP41), potentially useful iron chelators
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1-(3'-Hydroxypropyl)-2-methyl-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one (CP41) has been extensively investigated as an orally effective iron chelator. In order to improve the pharmacokinetic and metabolic properties of CP41, eleven aromatic esters have been synthesized and tested as potential prodrugs. In the present study, the hydrolytic rates of these CP41 esters in phosphate buffer (pH2.0 and pH7.4), rat blood and rat liver homogenate have been determined and found to cover a wide range. Generally, they possessed relatively slow hydrolytic rates in phosphate buffer (0-50 nmol/ml/hr at pH 2.0 and 0-140 nmol/ml/hr at pH 7.4). The hydrolytic rates in rat blood fell in the range of 9-5766 nmol/ml blood/hr and in rat liver homogenate 1-800 μmol/g liver tissue/hr. All esters possess a higher lipophilicity than that of the parent compound CP41. Although no apparent relationship was observed between the lipophilicities and hydrolytic rates, the esters with relatively higher hydrolytic rates in liver homogenate tend to possess higher iron scavenging efficacies. Further investigation of the metabolism of selected CP41 esters indicates that metabolism is a key factor influencing the efficacy of CP41 esters, as some esters can be metabolically inactivated in the liver in preference to undergoing ester hydrolysis. Ester design, combined with a knowledge of the prodrug metabolism, is a useful strategy for the production of 3-hydroxypyridin-4-ones with enhanced iron scavenging efficacy.
- Liu, Ding Y.,Liu, Zu D.,Lu, Shu L.,Hider, Robert C.
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p. 228 - 233
(2007/10/03)
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- NMR Properties and Synthesis of Ring-methylated 1,4-Dihydronicotinamides and the Corresponding Pyridinium Salts. Correlation of NMR with Ab Initio STO-3G Results
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The synthesis of a series of ring-methylated 1-alkyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamides and the corresponding pyridinium salts is described.Their NMR properties involving aromatic-ring-shielding anisotropy, due to ring current effects, are discussed and compared with electron populations calculated from STO-3G results.
- Bossaerts, Jan D.,Dommisse, Roger A.,Alderweireldt, Frank C.,Geerlings, Paul
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p. 2360 - 2384
(2007/10/02)
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- REACTION OF 1-ETHOXY-1-BUTEN-3-ONE WITH AMINES
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In the reaction of 1-ethoxy-1-buten-3-one with ammonia and primary and secondary amines the alkoxy group is substituted by an amino group.In the reaction with ammonia 1-amino-1-buten-3-one condenses with the formation of 2-methyl-5-acetylpyridine.
- Markova, N. K.,Zaichenko, Yu. A.,Tsil'ko, A. E.,Maretina, I. A.
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p. 876 - 880
(2007/10/02)
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