- Synthesis and characterization of fluorene-derived PU as a thermo cross-linked hole-transporting layer for PLED
-
Novel hole-transporting polyurethane, denoted as P1, resulting from the condensation of 9, 9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene and isophorone diisocyanate (denoted as IPDI) has been developed. When P1 is thermally consolidated in the presence of 2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl methacrylate (P2M), it forms a distinguished hole-transport layer that leads to an extremely good performance of the phosphorescent PLED. In the study, the device of ITO/PEDOT: PSS/P1-P2M/Ir(ppy) 3-t-PBD-PVK/Mg/Ag shows a high current efficiency of 27.6 cd/A and a low turn-on voltage of 6 V. In particular, the stable output efficiency of 17-22 cd/A within the range of 420-4400 cd/m2 at 12-20 V makes P1 a promising hole-transport material for phosphorescent PLED applications.
- Chuang, Ching-Nan,Kuo, Chao-Hui,Cheng, Yu-Shan,Huang, Chih-Kai,Leung, Man-Kit,Hsieh, Kuo-Huang
-
-
Read Online
- Preparation method of 9, 9-bis [(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) phenyl] fluorene
-
The invention belongs to the technical field of epoxy resin synthesis, and discloses a preparation method of 9, 9-bis[(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) phenyl] fluorene, which comprises the following steps: S1: adding 9-fluorenone, a cocatalyst and a modified carrier catalyst into a solvent, stirring to react, and purifying to obtain bisphenol fluorene; and S2, stirring and reacting the bisphenol fluorene and epoxy chloropropane under an alkaline condition, and purifying to obtain the 9, 9-bis[(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) phenyl] fluorene. The synthetic route is simple, the reaction is easy to treat, the production process is little in pollution and corrosion, and the product yield is high.
- -
-
Paragraph 0034-0038
(2021/04/17)
-
- Bifunctional ionic liquid, preparation method thereof and application of bifunctional ionic liquid in catalytic synthesis of bisphenol compounds
-
The invention discloses a bifunctional ionic liquid, a preparation method thereof and application of the bifunctional ionic liquid in catalytic synthesis of bisphenol compounds, and belongs to the field of application of ionic liquid catalysts. The bifunctional ionic liquid is composed of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium cations containing sulfonic groups and sulfydryl and organic strong acid anions containing or not containing sulfydryl. The bifunctional ionic liquid has the functions of strong protonic acid and a -SH-containing compound, is used for catalytic synthesis of diphenolic acid, bisphenol A, bisphenol fluorene and the like, and has the characteristics of high reaction rate, high target product yield and good selectivity. The bifunctional ionic liquid is a green catalyst which is stable in performance and can be recycled, and compared with a protonic acid and sulfhydryl compound composite catalyst used in a traditional production process, the production process is simplified, equipment corrosion is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
- -
-
Paragraph 0064-0067
(2021/08/14)
-
- Synthesis of 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene catalyzed by bifunctional ionic liquids
-
Through structural design, a series of bifunctional ionic liquids (BFILs) containing sulfonic acid (-SO3H) and sulfhydryl groups (-SH) were synthesized and characterized by NMR and MS. The acidity of these BFILs was measured by the Hammett acidity (H0) and the effective sulfhydryl molar content of BFILs was determined by Ellman's method. Moreover, BFIL's catalytic properties in the condensation reaction of 9-fluorenone and phenol were studied. BFIL catalyst 6c can achieve nearly 100% conversion of 9-fluorenone with a high selectivity of 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene (95.2%).
- Bai, Wei,Gao, Zhanxian,Lu, Xinxin,Wei, Jialun,Yan, Lei,Yu, Limei
-
p. 32559 - 32564
(2021/12/07)
-
- Blue light emitter based on fluorene unit (by machine translation)
-
The invention discloses a blue light emitter based on a fluorene unit. Due to the rigid planar biphenyl structure of the fluorene, materials are prone to intermolecular aggregation, so that the color purity, the efficiency and the stability of the material are greatly reduced. , The fluorene atom is taken as the core, different groups are introduced on 9No. positions to generate a series of fluorenyl derivatives, so that the solubility, the thermal stability, the photophysical property, the energy level and the carrier mobility are finely adjusted in a wide range. The present invention proposes a unique molecular framework (e.g. FTRTRZ) that helps achieve the most organised film and the highest carrier mobility, and the connection model that has been verified to be similar to FTRTRZ is a more viable approach to the production of efficient and stable blue emitters. (by machine translation)
- -
-
Paragraph 0042; 0047-0048
(2020/10/21)
-
- Condensation of 9-fluorenone and phenol using an ionic liquid and a mercapto compound synergistic catalyst
-
A series of ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized and their Hammett acidities (H0) were determined using 4-nitroaniline as the indicator. The relationship among IL's structure, the acid strength, and the catalytic performance in the condensation reaction of 9-fluorenone with phenol was discussed. The effective H0 range of ionic liquids that can catalyse the condensation reaction was obtained. Moreover, the catalysis of the mercapto compound co-catalyst was also systematically studied. According to the analysis of how the structure of the sulfydryl co-catalyst affects the percent conversion of 9-fluorenone and the selectivity of BHPF, a mechanism for the reaction in the IL-thiol cooperative catalytic system was proposed. The present work gave a clear clue to design novel IL catalysts for the synthesis of BHPF.
- Lei, Yan,Yu, Limei,Shen, Maochang,Luo, Shikang,Gao, Zhanxian
-
supporting information
p. 15700 - 15705
(2019/10/19)
-
- Preparation method of 9,9-di(4-hydroxy aryl) fluorene type compound
-
The invention provides a preparation method of a 9,9-di(4-hydroxy aryl) fluorene type compound. The method is characterized in that 9-fluorenone type derivatives and aromatic phenol type compounds areused as raw materials; reaction is performed under the catalysis of active carclazyte, a crude product of the 9,9-di(4-hydroxy aryl) fluorene type compound is obtained; then, after purification, the9,9-di(4-hydroxy aryl) fluorene type compound product is obtained. The preparation method has the beneficial effects that the active carclazyte price is cheap; catalysts and reaction mother liquid canbe repeatedly used for many times; the operation is simple and convenient; the reaction time is short; the temperature controllability is high; the production cost is effectively reduced; the production efficiency is improved; in addition, the discharging of waste acid water and waste slag caused by reaction catalysts is greatly reduced; the environment pollution is reduced; the preparation method can be applicable to green and chemical sustainable development.
- -
-
Paragraph 0034-0037; 0050; 0054; 0055
(2018/12/13)
-
- Novel acidic ionic liquid and catalytic application thereof
-
The invention discloses a novel acidic ionic liquid and catalytic application thereof. The acidic ionic liquid has a cationic structure of N-(sulfonylalkyl)-2-mercaptobenzothiazole positive ion, and anions are acid ions such as HSO4, BF4, p-CH3-C6H4-SO3, C6H5SO3. The acidic ionic liquid is used as a catalyst to catalyze condensation reaction of a carbonyl compound and phenol, the reaction rate is fast, the conversion rate of the carbonyl compound is 100%, and bisphenol product selectivity is higher than that reported in literatures; the process of using the acidic ionic liquid to catalyze synthesis of a bisphenol compound also has the advantages of no need of addition of a mercapto acid co-catalyst, simple production process, low equipment corrosiveness, recycle of ionic liquidand excess phenol, and environmental friendliness.
- -
-
Paragraph 0060; 0061; 0063; 0065; 0075
(2018/10/11)
-
- A method of synthesizing 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene under catalysis by a functionalized ionic liquid
-
A method of catalyzed synthesis of 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene is disclosed. Phenol and 9-fluorenone are adopted as raw materials, and an ionic liquid functionalized with protonic acid is adoptedas a catalyst to perform a condensation reaction. The ionic liquid functionalized with protonic acid includes an anion and a cation. The cation is a benzothiazolyl cation or a benzimidazolyl cation,and the anion is HSO, H2PO, BF and Tos. According to the method, the phenol and the 9-fluorenone are adopted as the raw materials, the ionic liquid functionalized with protonic acid is adopted as the catalyst, the method is simple to operate, short in reaction time and low in equipment corrosion, the reaction conversion ratio is 100%, and a recrystallized product has high purity. No cocatalyst is needed in the whole reaction process, thus avoiding worker poisoning and air pollution in production processes. In addition, the ionic liquid functionalized with protonic acid andthe phenol are recovered and utilized through vacuum distillation, and environment pollution caused by the phenol and concentrated sulfuric acid is greatly reduced.
- -
-
Paragraph 0032; 0034
(2018/03/07)
-
- 9. 9 - b (4 - hydroxyphenyl) fluorene green synthetic method
-
The invention discloses a synthesis method of fluorene-9-bisphenol, in particular to a green synthesis method of 9, 9-bis (4-hydroxy) fluorine. The method comprises the steps of enabling phenol and 9-fluorenone to react in an organic solvent in a concentrated sulfuric acid acidic medium condition under the catalysis of 3-thiohydracrylic acid, wherein the mole ratio of the phenol to the concentrated sulfuric acid to the 3-thiohydracrylic acid to the 9-fluorenone is (2-8): (0.1-0.6): (0.01-0.1): 1, the reaction temperature is -5 to 80 DEG C, and the reaction time is 2-8h; after the completion of the reaction, cooling to room temperature, filtrating, and washing a filter cake with the organic solvent; combining filtrate, and then adding the 9-fluorenone, the phenol, the concentrated sulfuric acid and the 3-thiohydracrylic acid into the filtrate sequentially to carry out circular reaction. In the synthesis process, since the organic solvent is used, the dosage of the phenol can be greatly reduced, the excessive phenol can be directly recycled through the filtrate, the efficiency of the system can be improved, and the discharge of acidic wastewater and the phenol can be reduced; meanwhile, the fluorene-9-bisphenol can be synthesized with high yield and high selectivity.
- -
-
Paragraph 0029-0038
(2017/08/25)
-
- HIGH REFRACTIVE MONOMER, RESIN COMPOSITION FOR PRISM SHEET CONTAINING THE SAME AND PRISM SHEET USING THE SAME
-
Disclosed are a high refractive monomer having at least one acryl functional group in a terminal and designed to meet a refractive index more than 1.57, a resin composition for forming the prism sheet capable of controlling refraction, viscosity, hardness, and yellowness by containing the high refractive monomer only or a mixture comprising the same, a prism sheet embodying high refraction and low viscosity of a liquid before curing and having excellent clarity and yellowing resistance by using the resin composition for forming the prism sheet which is made of the optimum mix. According to the present invention, the high luminance prism sheet is provided, thereby reducing the number of the sheet applied to embody the same luminance so as to contribute to slimming down the sheet, enhancing the performance, and saving costs. Therefore, the number of LED lamps used for a backlight unit can be reduced, thereby saving energy.
- -
-
Paragraph 0082; 0083; 0084; 0085
(2017/07/31)
-
- HIGH REFRACTIVE OLIGOMER, RESIN COMPOSITION FOR PRISM SHEET CONTAINING THE SAME AND PRISM SHEET USING THE SAME
-
The present invention relates to a high refractive oligomer, a resin composition for molding a prism sheet containing the same, and a prism sheet using the same. The present invention provides a low viscosity and low yellowing type highly refractive oligomer, which comprises acryl functional groups on both terminus and contains at least two urethane functional groups in a molecular structure, and meets a refractive index higher than 1.61, and provides a prism sheet embodying a high refractive index and low viscosity of a liquid before curing and having excellent transparence and yellowing resistance, and meeting excellent adhesive strength and pencil hardness after curing through the resin composition for molding the prism sheet containing the highly refractive oligomer or an optimized mixing ratio between the highly refractive oligomer and highly refractive monomer. Accordingly, the prism sheet of the present invention contributes to slimming of the sheet, performance improvement, and reduction of manufacturing costs by reducing the number of the sheets applied to embody equal luminance, thereby reducing the number of LED lamps used for a backlight unit and saving energy.
- -
-
Paragraph 0104-0107
(2017/08/30)
-
- COMPOUND PRODUCTION METHOD AND MIXED CRYSTAL
-
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing a compound having a fluorene skeleton with a high yield and a high purity. SOLUTION: A method of producing a compound represented by general formula (C) comprises condensing a compound of general formula (A) and a compound of general formula (B), where a carbonic acid ester based solvent is used as a crystallization solvent. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2017,JPOandINPIT
- -
-
Paragraph 0073; 0082
(2017/06/20)
-
- A solid acid H 2 SO 4-SiO 2 process for preparing bisphenol fluorene synthesizing process catalyzed with method (by machine translation)
-
The invention discloses a solid acid H 2 SO 4-SiO 2 catalytic preparation process for bisphenol fluorene synthesizing process catalyzed with, steps: 1) adding raw material into the reactor 9-fluorenone, and phenol, then adding toluene, and then drop under the protection of nitrogen 3-mercapto propionic acid, to be completely dissolved after heating, the solid acid is slowly added in the reactor, the reaction 3.5-4 hours, solution A; 2) the solution recovery filter heat A solid acid, filtrate and distilled to remove the toluene, then added to the filtrate after boiling water into two phases, the violent mixing is poured into ice water, after separating solid, filtered to get solid B and filtrate C; 3) for the solid B 60 °C drying 2 hours, bisphenol fluorene synthesizing process catalyzed with obtaining white solid powder; bisphenol fluorene synthesizing process catalyzed with the white solid by recrystallization by scobicular, filtering, 80 °C drying, bisphenol fluorene synthesizing process catalyzed with obtaining white flaw. With short reaction time, low temperature, high efficiency process, stability, suitable for high-end market high-purity product demand, catalyst preparation low cost, can be recycled, and the like. (by machine translation)
- -
-
Paragraph 0031; 0032; 0033; 0034; 0035
(2016/11/02)
-
- (METH)ACRYLIC RESIN COMPOSITION, FILM, POLARIZING PLATE PROTECTIVE FILM, POLARIZING PLATE, AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE
-
There is provided a (meth)acrylic resin composition, containing a (meth)acrylic resin; a compound denoted by General Formula (1) described below; and a specific compound: wherein R1 to R8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R11 and R12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, m and n each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4, in a case where m and n represent an integer of greater than or equal to 2, a plurality of R11's and R12's may be identical to each other or different from each other, at least two R11's, at least two R12's, or R11 and R12 may form a ring by being linked to each other.
- -
-
Paragraph 0256; 0257; 0258
(2017/01/19)
-
- Unexpected one-pot method to synthesize spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] building blocks for blue-light-emitting materials
-
An unexpected one-pot synthetic approach toward spiro[fluorene-9,9′- xanthene] (SFX) under excessive MeSO3H conditions has been developed. The key step involves a thermodynamically controlled cyclization reaction. Blue-light-emitting materials based on SFX building blocks that exhibit high thermal stability have also been synthesized.
- Xie, Ling-Hai,Liu, Feng,Tang, Chao,Hou, Xiao-Ya,Hua, Yu-Ran,Fan, Qu-Li,Huang, Wei
-
p. 2787 - 2790
(2007/10/03)
-
- Method of preparation of polyquinolines
-
New polyquinoline polymers are provided, as well as new methods for preparing the polyquinoline polymers using a novel combination of monomers. The polyquinoline polymers comprise repeat units comprising at least one quinoline nucleus and at least one ether linkage and having as end groups either fluoro groups or hydroxy groups or a combination of fluoro and hydroxy groups. The polymers are formed by providing a monomer comprising two fluoro groups, where each such fluoro group is activated by a quinoline nucleus, a diol monomer provided in the form of its bis-oxide salt, or in the presence of a base capable of deprotonating the diol and reacting the difluoro and diol monomers together in a dipolar solvent to form the polyquinoline polymer. In an alternative embodiment, the polyquinoline polymers of the present invention are formed by reacting a fluoro hydroxy monomer comprising a quinoline nucleus containing one activated fluoro group and one hydroxy group in the presence of a base and a dipolar solvent to form said polymer. In yet another alternative embodiment, the polyquinoline polymer is formed by providing a monomer which comprises a quinoline nucleus containing one activated fluoro group and one hydroxy group and treating the monomer with a base to form an oxide salt and reacting the monomer salt in a dipolar solvent to form said polymer.
- -
-
-
- PROCESS FOR PRODUCING FLUORENE DERIVATIVE
-
Fluorenone and a phenolic compound (e.g., a 2-C1-4alkylphenol) is subjected to a condensation reaction in coexistence with a thiol compound and a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to produce a fluorene derivative [e.g., 9,9-bis(C1-4alkylhydroxyphenyl)fluorene]. The proportion (weight ratio) of fluorenone relative to the thiol compound [fluorenone/the thiol compound] is about 1/0.01 to 1/0.5, and the proportion (weight ratio) of the thiol compound relative to hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution [the thiol compound/hydrochloric acid] is about 1/0.1 to 1/3. As the thiol compound, a mercaptocarboxylic acid (β-mercaptopropionic acid) may be used. According to the method, a highly purified fluorene derivative excellent in transparency can be obtained inexpensively and simply without using a hydrogen chloride gas having handling difficulty.
- -
-
-
- Polymer electrolyte and process for producing the same
-
A polymer electrolyte having, in a main chain, a structural unit represented by the following formula (1):-[Ar1-(SO2-N-(X+)-SO2-Ar2)m-SO2-N-(X+)-SO2-Ar1-O]- wherein Ar1 and Ar2 independently represent a divalent aromatic groups, m represents an integer of 0 to 3, and X+ represents an ion selected from hydrogen ion, an alkali metal ion and ammonium ion, which is excellent in proton conductivity, thermal resistance and strength. The polymer electrolyte is soluble in solvents and has excellent film forming property and recycling efficiency.
- -
-
-
- 4,4′-(Fluorene-9,9-diyl)diphenol: A new versatile building block for clathrate type and macrocyclic host-guest inclusion
-
4,4′-(Fluorene-9,9-diyl)diphenol (1) is demonstrated to be both an effective clathrate host in itself and a useful construction element to form a rigid macrocyclic host compound 2. The X-ray crystal structures of 1 and of its inclusion compounds with acetonitrile (1 : 1) and ethanol (1 : 2) as well as the inclusion compound of 2 with dimethyl sulfoxide (1 : 4) and the mixed-guest inclusion compounds of 2 with 2-picoline, 3-picoline or 4-picoline and acetone (2 : 2 : 1) are reported. Inclusion compounds of 1 with acetonitrile and ethanol are studied by thermal analysis.
- Apel,Nitsche,Beketov,Seichter,Seidel,Weber
-
p. 1212 - 1218
(2007/10/03)
-
- Fungicidal use of phenolic aromatic compounds
-
A plant fungicide method comprises applying to the locus of a plant pathogen a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) STR1 or a salt or a complex thereof, wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are independently H, halo, NO2, (C1 -C4) alkyl, or halo(C1 -C4) alkyl; R3', R4', R5', R3", R4", and R5" are independently H, halo, OH, or CH3, provided that at least one is OH; R6 ' and R6 " are independently H or OH.
- -
-
-
- Process for the preparation of bishydroxy aromatic compounds
-
A process for the preparation of bishydroxy aromatic compounds, such as 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene, involving contacting a ketone, such as fluorenone, with phenol or substituted phenol in the presence of a mercaptan cocatalyst and a solid superacid catalyst of Hammett acid strength H0 greater than about -13.0. Solid superacid catalysts include the sulfates, sulfated oxides, sulfated oxyhydroxides, and sulfated oxysilicates of aluminum, tin, and the Group IVA metals, such as zirconium, as well as mixed metal oxides, such as tungsten-zirconium oxides. Isolated yields are high for 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene.
- -
-
-
- Method for preparing aromatic bischloroformate compositions
-
Bischloroformate oligomer compositions are prepared by passing phosgene into a heterogeneous aqueous-organic mixture containing at least one dihydroxyaromatic compound, with simultaneous introduction of a base at a rate to maintain a specific pH range and to produce a specific volume ratio of aqueous to organic phase. By this method, it is possible to employ a minimum amount of phosgene. The reaction may be conducted batchwise or continuously. The bischloroformate composition may be employed for the preparation of cyclic polycarbonate oligomers or linear polycarbonate, and linear polycarbonate formation may be integrated with bischloroformate composition formation in a batch or continuous process.
- -
-
-
- Bischoloroformate preparation method with phosgene removal and monochloroformate conversion
-
Aqueous bischloroformates are prepared by the reaction of a dihydroxyaromatic compound (e.g., bisphenol A) with phosgene in a substantially inert organic liquid (e.g., methylene chloride) and in the presence of an aqueous alkali metal or alkaline earth metal base, at a pH below about 8. After all solid dihydroxyaromatic compound has been consumed, the pH is raised to a higher value in the range of about 7-12, preferably 9-11, and maintained in said range until a major proportion of the unreacted phosgene has been hydrolyzed. At the same time, any monochloroformate in the product may be converted to bischloroformate.
- -
-
-
- Cyclic monocarbonate bishaloformates
-
Cyclic monocarbonate bischloroformates are prepared by the reaction of a carbonyl halide such as phosgene with a bridged substituted resorcinol or hydroquinone such as bis(2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylphenyl)methane or bis(2,5-dihydroxy-3,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methane in the presence of aqueous alkali metal hydroxide. The cyclic monocarbonate bischloroformates may be used for the preparation of linear or cyclic polycarbonates containing cyclic carbonate structural units, which may in turn be converted to crosslinked polycarbonates.
- -
-
-
- Polyetherimide bisphenol compositions
-
Polyetherimide bisphenols and bischloroformates are prepared by the reaction of dianhydrides or certain bisimides with aminophenols or mixtures thereof with diamines. They are useful as intermediates for the preparation of cyclic heterocarbonates, which may in turn be converted to linear copolycarbonates. The bisphenols can also be converted to salts which react with cyclic polycarbonate oligomers to form block copolyetherimidecarbonates.
- -
-
-
- Condensation process
-
In a process for the preparation of phenol-aromatic ketone condensation products by reaction of phenols and ketones in the presence of a gaseous hydrogen halide, the improvement comprising adding in catalytic amounts up to less than molar amounts based on the ketone as an additional condensation agent at least one bivalent, trivalent or tetravalent metal halide, introducing the gaseous hydrogen halide and after termination of the condensation reaction, adding water to the reaction mixture and recovering the purified condensation product and to the novel monomers of 9,9-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-fluorene with a melting point of at least 226° C. and 1,1-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenylethene with melting point of at least 189° C. which are useful for the preparation of improved polyester resins.
- -
-
-
