Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines: Insulin Mimetics that Exhibit Potent and Selective Inhibition against Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B
PTP1B dephosphorylates insulin receptor and substrates to modulate glucose metabolism. This enzyme is a validated therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes, but no current drug candidates have completed clinical trials. Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines substituted at positions C1–C4 and/or C7–C8 were found to be nontoxic to cells and good inhibitors in the low- to sub-micromolar range, with the 4-benzyl derivative being the most potent inhibitor (0.24 μm). Some analogues bearing chlorine atoms at C7 and/or C8 kept potency and showed good selectivity compared to TCPTP (selectivity index '40). The most potent inhibitors behaved as insulin mimetics by increasing glucose uptake. The 4-benzyl derivative inhibited insulin receptor substrate 1 and AKT phosphorylation. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations supported a putative binding mode for these compounds to the allosteric α3/α6/α7 pocket, but inconsistent results in enzyme inhibition kinetics were obtained due to the high tendency of these inhibitors to form stable aggregates. Computational calculations supported the druggability of inhibitors.
García-Marín, Javier,Griera, Mercedes,Sánchez-Alonso, Patricia,Di Geronimo, Bruno,Mendicuti, Francisco,Rodríguez-Puyol, Manuel,Alajarín, Ramón,de Pascual-Teresa, Beatriz,Vaquero, Juan J.,Rodríguez-Puyol, Diego
Iridium-catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Polycyclic Pyrrolo/Indolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and Phenanthridines
Owing to the dehydrogenative rearomatization of hydrogenation product and poisoning effect of nitrogen atom, asymmetric hydrogenation of polycyclic nitrogen-containing heteroaromatics is still a great challenge. Herein, through in situ protection of hydro
Synthesis, analytical behaviour and biological evaluation of new 4-substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines as antileishmanial agents
An original series of 4-substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline derivatives, new structural analogues of Galipea species quinoline alkaloids, was synthesized from various substituted 2-nitroanilines via multistep heterocyclizations and tested for in vitro antiparasitic activity upon Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania infantum strains. Structure-activity relationships enlighten the importance of the 4-substituted alkenyl side chain on the pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline moiety to modulate the antileishmanial activity.
Synthesis and antituberculosis activity of new phenylpyrrolo[1,2-a] quinoxalinylpyrrole carboxylic acid derivatives
During the course of our work on the synthesis and screening of new drugs for tuberculosis, we have identified three new phenylpyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalinylpyrrole carboxylic acid derivatives which inhibited in-vitro Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv; 97-98% inhibition at 12.5 μg mL-1.
Guillon,Dumoulin,Dallemagne,Reynolds,Rault
p. 33 - 38
(2007/10/03)
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