3418-95-9

A route to the direct amidation of aromatic-ring-tetheredN-carbamoyl tetrahydroisoquinoline substrates was developed. This route enabled general access to 8-oxoberberines and their 5- and 7- membered C-ring homologues. It overcomes the undesired tandem side-reactions that result in the destruction of the isoquinoline backbone, which inevitably occurred under our previously reported superacidic carbamate activation method.

An efficient NHC-catalyzed amidation between esters and amines or hydrazines is described. This strategy was tolerant for a wide scope of substrates, affording a series of amides (or hydrazides) in good to excellent yields (60-96%) under simple conditions. The approach was also used to synthesize the pharmaceutically relevant antidepressant moclobemide in 85% yield.

The development of a highly efficient and simple protocol for the direct amidation of carboxylic acids is described employing ynoates as novel coupling reagents. The transformation proceeds in good to excellent yields via in situ α-acyl enol ester intermediates formation under mild reaction conditions. This useful method has been demonstrated for a range of substrates to provide a succinct access to structurally diverse amides, including key intermediates of glibenclamide, tiapride hydrochloride, and nateglinide, and can be conducted on a mole scale.

Catalyzed by Ru and in the presence of air and nucleophiles such as amines or ammonia, activation of the C-CN bond could be easily achieved under mild conditions to produce primary to tertiary amides in good to excellent yields. The use of accessible and functional-group-tolerant starting materials, a cheap, low-loading and recyclable catalyst, ligand-free conditions and excellent product yields are the advantages of the method. Moreover, compared with the Ritter reaction and hydration methods, this novel reaction has more comprehensive application scope.

Herein, we describe a clean and ecocompatible pathway for both N-benzoylation and N-acetylation of anilines, amines, diamines, and aminoalcohols using three enol esters with good yields. We have improved the use of vinyl benzoate for the direct introduction of a benzamido-moiety under solvent- and activation-free conditions. The recovered amides are easily isolated by crystallization. Copyright

Despite the progress of the past two decades, there is still considerable need for safe, efficacious drugs that target human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is particularly true for the growing number of patients infected with virus resistant to currently approved HIV drugs. Our high throughput screening effort identified a benzophenone template as a potential nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). This manuscript describes our extensive exploration of the benzophenone structure-activity relationships, which culminated in the identification of several compounds with very potent inhibition of both wild type and clinically relevant NNRTI-resistant mutant strains of HIV. These potent inhibitors include 70h (GW678248), which has in vitro antiviral assay IC50 values of 0.5 nM against wild-type HIV, 1 nM against the K103N mutant associated with clinical resistance to efavirenz, and 0.7 nM against the Y181C mutant associated with clinical resistance to nevirapine. Compound 70h has also demonstrated relatively low clearance in intravenous pharmacokinetic studies in three species, and it is the active component of a drug candidate which has progressed to phase 2 clinical studies.