- MONOACYLGLYCEROL LIPASE MODULATORS
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3.1.0 and 4.1.0 Azabicycle compounds of Formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods of making them, and methods of using them including methods for treating disease states, disorders, and conditions associated with MGL modulation, su
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Page/Page column 55; 122
(2021/08/20)
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- Sequential Hydrogen Tunneling in o-Tolylmethylene
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o-Tolylmethylene 1 is a metastable triplet carbene that rearranges to o-xylylene 2 even at temperatures as low as 2.7 K via [1,4] H atom tunneling. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopical techniq
- Lohmiller, Thomas,Sarkar, Sujan K.,Tatchen, J?rg,Henkel, Stefan,Schleif, Tim,Savitsky, Anton,Sanchez-Garcia, Elsa,Sander, Wolfram
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supporting information
p. 17873 - 17879
(2021/09/14)
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- Potassium tert -Butoxide Promoted Synthesis of 4,5-Diaryl-2 H -1,2,3-triazoles from Tosylhydrazones and Nitriles
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Intermolecular cycloaddition of tosylhydrazones with nitriles was investigated. t -BuOK was shown to be an excellent base for increasing the effectiveness of the reaction in this protocol, and homocoupling of the tosylhydrazones was significantly inhibited by using xylene as a solvent. Through this transformation, a variety of 4,5-diaryl-2 H -1,2,3-triazoles were prepared in good to excellent yields and with high purities. The process is azide-free and transition-metal-free.
- Qiu, Shanguang,Chen, Yuxue,Song, Xinming,Liu, Li,Liu, Xi,Wu, Luyong
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supporting information
p. 86 - 90
(2020/11/02)
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- Pd-Catalyzed Cascade Metallo-Ene Cyclization/Metallo-Carbene Coupling of Allenamides
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A highly efficient palladium-catalyzed cascade metallo-ene/metallo-carbene coupling reaction was developed to produce 2,3-dihydropyrrole derivatives in high yields. In this transformation, two new Csp3?Csp2 and Csp2?Cspsu
- Cao, Chengqiang,Yang, Yi,Li, Xin,Liu, Yunxia,Liu, Hui,Zhao, Zengdian,Chen, Lei
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supporting information
p. 1538 - 1542
(2021/03/01)
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- Mn(III)-mediated phosphinoylation of aldehyde hydrazones: Direct “one-pot” synthesis of α-iminophosphine oxides from aldehydes
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A “one-pot” strategy for the straightforward Mn(III)-mediated phosphinoylation of aldehyde hydrazones with diphenylphosphine oxide to furnish α-iminophosphine oxides is described. This mild and practical method allows the direct use of aldehydes as substrates in one pot to generate the hydrazones, which are then engaged “in situ” by the phosphorus reagent in the presence of Mn(OAc)3 oxidant. Thus, the requisite isolation of the hydrazones is not needed in this operation. Conducted mechanistic experiments implicate a pathway involving phosphorus-centered radicals.
- Bian, Xue-Wei,Zhang, Ling,Shoberu, Adedamola,Zou, Jian-Ping
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supporting information
(2021/04/02)
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- Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of 1,2,4-Triazols, 1,3,4-Thiadiazols, and 1,3,4-Selenadiazoles from N-Tosylhydrazones
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The diversity-oriented synthesis of 1,2,4-triazols, 1,3,4-thiadiazols, and 1,3,4-selenadiazoles from N-tosylhydrazones was developed, and the reactions were general for a wide range of substrates, in which NH2CN, KOCN, KSCN, and KSeCN were used as odorless sources. Two different pathways were proposed, and N-tosylhydrazonoyl chlorides were formed in situ in the presence of NCS.
- Wei, Zeyang,Zhang, Qi,Tang, Meng,Zhang, Siyu,Zhang, Qian
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supporting information
p. 4436 - 4440
(2021/05/26)
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- Visible-Light-Catalyzed in Situ Denitrogenative Sulfonylation of Sulfonylhydrazones
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A photocatalyzed in situ denitrogenative sulfonylation of N-arylsulfonyl hydrazones has been developed. This transformation provides a low-carbon strategy to assemble arylalkyl sulfones in a stepwise denitrogenation/sulfonylation manner.
- Huang, Xiang,Chen, Xing,Xie, Haisheng,Tan, Zheng,Jiang, Huanfeng,Zeng, Wei
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supporting information
p. 6784 - 6788
(2021/09/08)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Three-Component Coupling Reaction of o-Bromobenzaldehyde, N-Tosylhydrazone, and Methanol
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A ligand-controlled palladium-catalyzed three-component reaction of o-bromobenzaldehyde, N-tosylhydrazone, and methanol is described. This reaction uses readily available compounds as starting materials while displaying a broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility.
- Zhu, Lei,Ren, Xiaojian,Yu, Yinghua,Ou, Pengcheng,Wang, Zhi-Xiang,Huang, Xueliang
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supporting information
p. 2087 - 2092
(2020/03/04)
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- Divergent Synthesis of Vinyl-, Benzyl-, and Borylsilanes: Aryl to Alkyl 1,5-Palladium Migration/Coupling Sequences
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Organosilicon compounds have been extensively utilized both in industry and academia. Studies on the syntheses of diverse organosilanes is highly appealing. Through-space metal/hydrogen shifts allow functionalization of C?H bonds at a remote site, which are otherwise difficult to achieve. However, until now, an aryl to alkyl 1,5-palladium migration process seems to have not been presented. Reported herein is the remote olefination, arylation, and borylation of a methyl group on silicon to access diverse vinyl-, benzyl-, and borylsilanes, constituting a unique C(sp3)?H transformation based on a 1,5-palladium migration process.
- Han, Jie-Lian,Ju, Cheng-Wei,Qin, Ying,Zhao, Dongbing
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supporting information
p. 6555 - 6560
(2020/03/03)
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- Acid-Promoted [3 + 1 + 1] Cyclization of N-Tosylhydrazones and Isocyanides: A Method for the Preparation of 4,5-Diaminopyrazoles
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A facile method for the preparation of 4,5-diaminopyrazoles from N-tosylhydrazones and isocyanides was developed. The reaction was general for a wide range of substrates, and it demonstrated excellent tolerance to a variety of substituents. More important
- Zhang, Qian,Tang, Meng,Zhang, Siyu,Wei, Zeyang
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supporting information
p. 5182 - 5186
(2020/07/04)
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- Umpolung Difunctionalization of Carbonyls via Visible-Light Photoredox Catalytic Radical-Carbanion Relay
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The combination of photoredox catalysis with the Wolff-Kishner (WK) reaction allows the difunctionalization of carbonyl groups by a radical-carbanion relay sequence (photo-Wolff-Kishner reaction). Photoredox initiated radical addition to N-sulfonylhydrazones yields α-functionalized carbanions following the WK-type mechanism. With sulfur-centered radicals, the carbanions are further functionalized by reaction with electrophiles including CO2 and aldehydes, whereas CF3 radical addition furnishes a wide range of gem-difluoroalkenes through β-fluoride elimination of the generated α-CF3 carbanions. More than 80 substrate examples demonstrate the broad applicability of this reaction sequence. A series of investigations including radical inhibition, deuterium labeling, fluorescence quenching, cyclic voltammetry, and control experiments support the proposed radical-carbanion relay mechanism.
- Wang, Shun,Cheng, Bei-Yi,Sr?en, Matea,K?nig, Burkhard
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supporting information
p. 7524 - 7531
(2020/08/05)
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- Copper-catalyzed cross-coupling and sequential allene-mediated cyclization for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazolo[1,5-a]quinolines
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In this paper, a tandem reaction involving copper-catalyzed cross-coupling and allene-mediated cyclization of 1-(2-ethynylaryl)-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole withN-tosylhydrazone has been developed. This method features operational simplicity, excellen
- Jiang, Yubo,Ren, Yongsheng,Xiao, Tiebo,Xiong, Shaoqi,Yang, Jianhua
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supporting information
p. 7174 - 7182
(2020/10/02)
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- Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Directed C-H Dienylation of Anilides with Allenes Leads to Highly Conjugated Systems
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Allenes are unique coupling partners in transition-metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization leading to a variety of products via alkenylation, allenylation, allylation, and annulation reactions. The outcome is governed by both the reactivity of the allene and the formation and stability of the organometallic intermediate. An efficient Rh(III)-catalyzed, weakly coordinating group-directed dienylation of electronically unbiased allenes is developed using an N-acyl amino acid as a ligand. Further elaboration of the dienylated products to construct polycyclic compounds is also described.
- Ghosh, Chiranjit,Nagtilak, Prajyot Jayadev,Kapur, Manmohan
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supporting information
(2019/05/08)
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- Copper-catalyzed one-pot coupling reactions of aldehydes (ketones), tosylhydrazide and 2-amino(benzo)thiazoles: An efficient strategy for the synthesis of N-alkylated (benzo)thiazoles
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An efficient and practical C–N bond formation methodology for the synthesis of N-alkylated (benzo)thiazoles was developed, via the copper-catalyzed one-pot two-step reactions of 2-amino(benzo)thiazoles and aldehydes (ketones) with tosylhydrazide. This cross-coupling reaction proceeded smoothly and tolerated a broad range of functional groups (46 examples). A variety of functionalized N-alkylated (benzo)thiazoles were obtained in moderate to high yields. Notably, gram-scale synthesis of fanetizole (anti-inflammatory drug) was also realized through this protocol.
- Xie, Zengyang,Chen, Ruijiao,Ma, Mingfang,Kong, Lingdong,Liu, Jun,Wang, Cunde
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- Palladium-catalyzed cascade reactions of alkene-tethered carbamoyl chlorides with: N-tosyl hydrazones: Synthesis of alkene-functionalized oxindoles
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A palladium-catalyzed cascade reaction of alkene-tethered carbamoyl chlorides with N-tosyl hydrazones is described. It provided a new way to synthesize various alkene-functionalized oxindoles bearing an all-carbon quaternary center. The olefin moieties co
- Sun, Wan,Chen, Chen,Qi, Yuan,Zhao, Jinghui,Bao, Yinwei,Zhu, Bolin
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supporting information
p. 8358 - 8363
(2019/09/30)
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- Rapid Synthesis of N-Tosylhydrazones under Solvent-Free Conditions and Their Potential Application Against Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
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Some N-tosylhydrazone derivatives were effectively synthesized under solvent-free conditions by using a grinding method at room temperature. The short reaction time, clean and mild process with simple workup and easy purification of the target compounds w
- Xie, Zengyang,Song, Yuying,Xu, Lujia,Guo, Yukun,Zhang, Min,Li, Limei,Chen, Kai,Liu, Xue
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p. 977 - 983
(2018/11/27)
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- Copper(I)-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling of N-Tosylhydrazones with Amides: A Straightforward Method for the Construction of C(sp3)- N Amide Bonds from Aldehydes
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A method for the one-pot synthesis of substituted amides from aldehydes and amides is presented. Namely, condensation of aldehydes with N-tosylhydrazide generated the N-tosylhydrazones which were then reductively cross-coupled in situ with primary or secondary amides in the presence of a copper catalyst to afford secondary or tertiary amides, respectively. The reaction proceeded efficiently for a wide range of aldehydes and amides under the optimized conditions, i.e., 10 mol% of tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) tetrafluoroborate [Cu(CH3CN)4BF4], 1 mol% of tetra-n-butylammonium iodide [(n-Bu)4NI], and sodium hydroxide [NaOH] as base in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 80 C. As a result, the method provides a straightforward route for the synthesis of substituted amides from readily available aldehydes via a transition metal-catalyzed C(sp3)- N amide bond forming reaction.
- Xu, Peng,Han, Fu-She,Wang, Yan-Hua
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supporting information
p. 3441 - 3446
(2016/01/25)
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- Regioselective synthesis of 1,3,5-Trisubstituted Pyrazoles from N-Alkylated Tosylhydrazones and terminal Alkynes
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An efficient synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles from Nalkylated tosylhydrazones and terminal alkynes was developed. The protocol was applied to a wide range of substrates and demonstrated excellent tolerance to a variety of substituents, includin
- Kong, Yuanfang,Tang, Meng,Wang, Yun
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supporting information
p. 576 - 579
(2014/04/03)
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- Reductive coupling reactions: A new strategy for C(sp3)-P bond formation
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The C(sp3)-P bond forming reaction utilizing N-tosylhydrazones as readily available alkylating reagents was developed, which provides a new opportunity for preparing phosphine oxide derivatives with moderate to good yields. This reductive coupling reaction is proposed to proceed through an insertion of copper carbene into P-H bond of H-phosphorus oxides. The salient features of the reaction are operational simplicity and functional-group tolerance.
- Chen, Zi-Sheng,Zhou, Zhao-Zhao,Hua, Hui-Liang,Duan, Xin-Hua,Luo, Jian-Yi,Wang, Jia,Zhou, Ping-Xin,Liang, Yong-Min
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supporting information
p. 1065 - 1068
(2013/02/25)
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- Copper-catalyzed synthesis of alkylphosphonates from H-phosphonates and N-tosylhydrazones
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A new catalytic system for the alkylation of H-phosphonates and diphenylphosphine oxide with N-tosylhydrazones has been developed. In the presence of copper(I) iodide and base, H-phosphonates react with N-tosylhydrazones to afford the corresponding coupled alkylphosphonates in good to excellent yields without any ligands. Alkylphosphonates can also be prepared in a one-pot process directly from carbonyl compounds without the isolation of tosylhydrazone intermediates.
- Miao, Wenjun,Gao, Yuzhen,Li, Xueqin,Gao, Yuxing,Tang, Guo,Zhao, Yufen
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p. 2659 - 2664
(2013/01/15)
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- A new protocol for the in situ generation of aromatic, heteroaromatic, and unsaturated diazo compounds and its application in catalytic and asymmetric epoxidation of carbonyl compounds. Extensive studies to map out scope and limitations, and rationalization of diastereo- and enantioselectivities
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A variety of metalated tosylhydrazone salts derived from benzaldehyde have been prepared and were reacted with benzaldehyde in the presence of tetrahydrothiophene (THT) (20 mol %) and Rh2(OAc)4 (1 mol %) to give stilbene oxide. Of the lithium, sodium, and potassium salts tested, the sodium salt was found to give the highest yield and selectivity. This study was extended to a wide variety of aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic, α,β-unsaturated, and acetylenic aldehydes and to ketones. On the whole, high yields of epoxides with moderate to very high diastereoselectivities were observed. A broad range of tosylhydrazone salts derived from aromatic, heteroaromatic, and α,β-unsaturated rated aldehydes was also examined using the same protocol in reactions with benzaldehyde, and again, good yields and high diastereoselectivities were observed in most cases. Thus, a general process for the in situ generation of diazo compounds from tosylhydrazone sodium salts has been established and applied in sulfur-ylide mediated epoxidation reactions. The chiral, camphor-derived, [2.2.1] bicyclic sulfide 7 was employed (at 5-20 mol % loading) to render the above processes asymmetric with a range of carbonyl compounds and tosylhydrazone sodium salts. Benzaldehyde tosylhydrazone sodium salt gave enantioselectivities of 91 ± 3% ee and high levels of diastereoselectivity with a range of aldehydes. However, tosylhydrazone salts derived from a range of carbonyl compounds gave more variable selectivities. Although those salts derived from electron-rich or neutral aldehydes gave high enantioselectivities, those derived from electron-deficient or hindered aromatic aldehydes gave somewhat reduced enantioselectivities. Using α,β-unsaturated hydrazones, chiral sulfide 7 gave epoxides with high diastereoselectivities, but only moderate yields were achieved (12-56%) with varying degrees of enantioselectivity. A study of solvent effects showed that, while the impact on enantioselectivity was small, the efficiency of diazo compound generation was influenced, and CH3CN and 1,4-dioxane emerged as the optimum solvents. A general rationalization of the factors that influence both relative and absolute stereochemistry for all of the different substrates is provided. Reversibility in formation of the betaine intermediate is an important issue in the control of diastereoselectivity. Hence, where low diastereocontrol was observed, the results have been rationalized in terms of the factors that contribute to the reduced reversion of the syn betaine back to the original starting materials. The enantioselectivity is governed by ylide conformation, facial selectivity in the ylide reaction, and, again, the degree of reversibility in betaine formation. From experimental evidence and calculations, it has been shown that sulfide 7 gives almost complete control of facial selectivity, and, hence, it is the ylide conformation and degree of reversibility that are responsible for the enantioselectivity observed. A simple test has been developed to ascertain whether the reduced enantioselectivity observed in particular cases is due to poor control in ylide conformation or due to partial reversibility in the formation of the betaine.
- Aggarwal, Varinder K.,Alonso, Emma,Bae, Imhyuck,Hynd, George,Lydon, Kevin M.,Palmer, Matthew J.,Patel, Mamta,Porcelloni, Marina,Richardson, Jeffery,Stenson, Rachel A.,Studley, John R.,Vasse, Jean-Luc,Winn, Caroline L.
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p. 10926 - 10940
(2007/10/03)
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- Laser flash photolysis study of phenylcarbene, o-tolylcarbene and mesitylcarbene
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Laser flash photolysis (LFP, XeCl, 308 nm, 20 ns) of phenyldiazomethane (PDM), o-tolydiazomethane (TDM) and mesitydiazomethane (MDM) produces phenylcarbene (PC), o-tolycarbene (TC) and mesitylcarbene (MSC), respectively. Transient spectra of PC and TC cou
- Admasu, Atnaf,Platz, Matthew S.,Marcinek, Andrzej,Michalak, Jacek,Gudmundsdottir, Anna Dora,Gebicki, Jerzy
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p. 207 - 220
(2007/10/03)
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- Direct Spectroscopic Observation of Intramolecular Hydrogen Shifts in Carbenes
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Triplet o-tolylmethylene (13a) decays thermally to singlet o-xylylene (14a) in an argon matrix at temperatures as low as 4.6 K.The thermal, intramolecular -hydrogen shift has been observed directly by IR and UV spectroscopy.The carbene disappearance kinetics follow the standard (time)1/2 dependence, due to multiple reaction sites in the matrix.The small temperature dependence and non-Arrhenius behavior of the rate implicate a tunneling mechanism.In contrast, triplet 1-phenylethylidene (17a) is thermally stable in argon or xenon matrices at 10 K.Warming 17a to 65 K in a xenon matrix produces styrene (18a).The intramolecular -hydrogen shift has been observed directly by IR spectroscopy.The carbene disappearance kinetics show apparent first-order behavior.We estimate an upper limit of ca. 4.7 kcal/mol for the singlet-triplet energy gap in 17a.
- McMahon, Robert J.,Chapman, Orville L.
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p. 683 - 692
(2007/10/02)
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