- Cystobactamid 507: Concise Synthesis, Mode of Action, and Optimization toward More Potent Antibiotics
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Lack of new antibiotics and increasing antimicrobial resistance are among the main concerns of healthcare communities nowadays, and these concerns necessitate the search for novel antibacterial agents. Recently, we discovered the cystobactamids—a novel natural class of antibiotics with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. In this work, we describe 1) a concise total synthesis of cystobactamid 507, 2) the identification of the bioactive conformation using noncovalently bonded rigid analogues, and 3) the first structure–activity relationship (SAR) study for cystobactamid 507 leading to new analogues with high metabolic stability, superior topoisomerase IIA inhibition, antibacterial activity and, importantly, stability toward the resistant factor AlbD. Deeper insight into the mode of action revealed that the cystobactamids employ DNA minor-groove binding as part of the drug–target interaction without showing significant intercalation. By designing a new analogue of cystobactamid 919-2, we finally demonstrated that these findings could be further exploited to obtain more potent hexapeptides against Gram-negative bacteria.
- Elgaher, Walid A. M.,Hamed, Mostafa M.,Baumann, Sascha,Herrmann, Jennifer,Siebenbürger, Lorenz,Krull, Jana,Cirnski, Katarina,Kirschning, Andreas,Br?nstrup, Mark,Müller, Rolf,Hartmann, Rolf W.
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supporting information
p. 7219 - 7225
(2020/05/08)
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- An optimised series of substituted N-phenylpyrrolamides as DNA gyrase B inhibitors
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ATP competitive inhibitors of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV have great therapeutic potential, but none of the described synthetic compounds has so far reached the market. To optimise the activities and physicochemical properties of our previously reported N-phenylpyrrolamide inhibitors, we have synthesized an improved, chemically variegated selection of compounds and evaluated them against DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes, and against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The most potent compound displayed IC50 values of 6.9 nM against Escherichia coli DNA gyrase and 960 nM against Staphylococcus aureus topoisomerase IV. Several compounds displayed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Gram-positive strains in the 1–50 μM range, one of which inhibited the growth of Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, S. aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes with MIC values of 1.56 μM, 1.56 μM, 0.78 μM and 0.72 μM, respectively. This compound has been investigated further on methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and on ciprofloxacin non-susceptible and extremely drug resistant strain of S. aureus (MRSA VISA). It exhibited the MIC value of 2.5 μM on both strains, and MIC value of 32 μM against MRSA in the presence of inactivated human blood serum. Further studies are needed to confirm its mode of action.
- Tiz, Davide Benedetto,Skok, ?iga,Durcik, Martina,Toma?i?, Tihomir,Ma?i?, Lucija Peterlin,Ila?, Janez,Zega, Anamarija,Draskovits, Gábor,Révész, Tamás,Nyerges, ákos,Pál, Csaba,Cruz, Cristina D.,Tammela, P?ivi,?igon, Du?an,Kikelj, Danijel,Zidar, Nace
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p. 269 - 290
(2019/02/20)
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- NOVEL CYSTOBACTAMIDE DERIVATIVES
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The present invention relates to novel derivatives of cystobactamides of formula (lb) and the use thereof for the treatment or prophylaxis of bacterial infections.
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- A structure—activity relationship study of bis-benzamides as inhibitors of androgen receptor—coactivator interaction
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The interaction between androgen receptor (AR) and coactivator proteins plays a critical role in AR-mediated prostate cancer (PCa) cell growth, thus its inhibition is emerging as a promising strategy for PCa treatment. To develop potent inhibitors of the
- Lee, Tae-Kyung,Ravindranathan, Preethi,Sonavane, Rajni,Raj, Ganesh V.,Ahn, Jung-Mo
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- Design, Synthesis, and Conformational Analysis of Oligobenzanilides as Multifacial α-Helix Mimetics
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The design, synthesis, and conformational analysis of an oligobenzanilide helix mimetic scaffold capable of simultaneous mimicry of two faces of an α-helix is reported. The synthetic methodology provides access to diverse monomer building blocks amenable to solid-phase assembly in just four synthetic steps. The conformational flexibility of model dimers was investigated using a combination of solid and solution state methodologies supplemented with DFT calculations. The lack of noncovalent constraints allows for significant conformational plasticity in the scaffold, thus permitting it to successfully mimic residues i, i+2, i+4, i+6, i+7, and i+9 of a canonical α-helix.
- Flack, Theo,Romain, Charles,White, Andrew J. P.,Haycock, Peter R.,Barnard, Anna
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supporting information
p. 4433 - 4438
(2019/06/27)
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- Synthesis and Evaluation of N-Phenylpyrrolamides as DNA Gyrase B Inhibitors
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ATP-competitive inhibitors of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are among the most interesting classes of antibacterial drugs that are unrepresented in the antibacterial pipeline. We developed 32 new N-phenylpyrrolamides and evaluated them against DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV from E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activities were studied against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The most potent compound displayed an IC50 of 47 nm against E. coli DNA gyrase, and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5 μm against the Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis. Some compounds displayed good antibacterial activities against an efflux-pump-deficient E. coli strain (MIC=6.25 μm) and against wild-type E. coli in the presence of efflux pump inhibitor PAβN (MIC=3.13 μm). Here we describe new findings regarding the structure–activity relationships of N-phenylpyrrolamide DNA gyrase B inhibitors and investigate the factors that are important for the antibacterial activity of this class of compounds.
- Durcik, Martina,Tammela, P?ivi,Baran?oková, Michaela,Toma?i?, Tihomir,Ila?, Janez,Kikelj, Danijel,Zidar, Nace
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p. 186 - 198
(2018/02/06)
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- New N-phenylpyrrolamide DNA gyrase B inhibitors: Optimization of efficacy and antibacterial activity
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The ATP binding site located on the subunit B of DNA gyrase is an attractive target for the development of new antibacterial agents. In recent decades, several small-molecule inhibitor classes have been discovered but none has so far reached the market. We present here the discovery of a promising new series of N-phenylpyrrolamides with low nanomolar IC50 values against DNA gyrase, and submicromolar IC50 values against topoisomerase IV from Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The most potent compound in the series has an IC50 value of 13 nM against E. coli gyrase. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Gram-positive bacteria are in the low micromolar range. The oxadiazolone derivative 11a, with an IC50 value of 85 nM against E. coli DNA gyrase displays the most potent antibacterial activity, with MIC values of 1.56 μM against Enterococcus faecalis, and 3.13 μM against wild type S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). The activity against wild type E. coli in the presence of efflux pump inhibitor phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide (PAβN) is 4.6 μM.
- Durcik, Martina,Lovison, Denise,Skok, ?iga,Durante Cruz, Cristina,Tammela, P?ivi,Toma?i?, Tihomir,Benedetto Tiz, Davide,Draskovits, Gábor,Nyerges, ákos,Pál, Csaba,Ila?, Janez,Peterlin Ma?i?, Lucija,Kikelj, Danijel,Zidar, Nace
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p. 117 - 132
(2018/05/24)
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- Estrogen receptor coregulator binding modulators (ERXs) effectively target estrogen receptor positive human breast cancers
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The majority of human breast cancer is estrogen receptor alpha (ER) positive. While anti-estrogens/aromatase inhibitors are initially effective, resistance to these drugs commonly develops. Therapy-resistant tumors often retain ER signaling, via interaction with critical oncogenic coregulator proteins. To address these mechanisms of resistance, we have developed a novel ER coregulator binding modulator, ERX-11. ERX-11 interacts directly wiTheR and blocks the interaction between a subset of coregulators with both native and mutant forms of ER. ERX-11 effectively blocks ER-mediated oncogenic signaling and has potent anti-proliferative activity against therapy-sensitive and therapy-resistant human breast cancer cells. ERX-11 is orally bioavailable, with no overt signs of toxicity and potent activity in both murine xenograft and patient-derived breast tumor explant models. This first-in-class agent, with its novel mechanism of action of disrupting critical protein-protein interactions, overcomes the limitations of current therapies and may be clinically translatable for patients with therapy-sensitive and therapy-resistant breast cancers.
- Raj, Ganesh V.,Sareddy, Gangadhara Reddy,Ma, Shihong,Lee, Tae-Kyung,Viswanadhapalli, Suryavathi,Li, Rui,Liu, Xihui,Murakami, Shino,Chen, Chien-Cheng,Lee, Wan-Ru,Mann, Monica,Krishnan, Samaya Rajeshwari,Manandhar, Bikash,Gonugunta, Vijay K.,Strand, Douglas,Tekmal, Rajeshwar Rao,Ahn, Jung-Mo,Vadlamudi, Ratna K.
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- Biosynthesis of branched alkoxy groups: Iterative methyl group alkylation by a cobalamin-dependent radical SAM enzyme
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The biosynthesis of branched alkoxy groups, such as the unique t-butyl group found in a variety of natural products, is still poorly understood. Recently, cystobactamids were isolated and identified from Cystobacter sp as novel antibacterials. These metab
- Wang, Yuanyou,Schnell, Bastien,Baumann, Sascha,Muller, Rolf,Begley, Tadhg P.
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supporting information
p. 1742 - 1745
(2017/02/15)
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- CYSTOBACTAMIDES
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The present invention provides cystobactamides of formula (I) and the use thereof for the treatment or prophylaxis of bacterial infections:
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Paragraph 0548
(2016/06/13)
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- Assessment of Bromodomain Target Engagement by a Series of BI2536 Analogues with Miniaturized BET-BRET
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Evaluating the engagement of a small molecule ligand with a protein target in cells provides useful information for chemical probe optimization and pharmaceutical development. While several techniques exist that can be performed in a low-throughput manner, systematic evaluation of large compound libraries remains a challenge. In-cell engagement measurements are especially useful when evaluating compound classes suspected to target multiple cellular factors. In this study we used a bioluminescent resonant energy transfer assay to assess bromodomain engagement by a compound series containing bromodomain- and kinase-biasing polypharmacophores based on the known dual BRD4 bromodomain/PLK1 kinase inhibitor BI2536. With this assay, we discovered several novel agents with bromodomain-selective specificity profiles and cellular activity. Thus, this platform aids in distinguishing molecules whose cellular activity is difficult to assess due to polypharmacologic effects.
- Koblan, Luke W.,Buckley, Dennis L.,Ott, Christopher J.,Fitzgerald, Mark E.,Ember, Stuart W. J.,Zhu, Jin-Yi,Liu, Shuai,Roberts, Justin M.,Remillard, David,Vittori, Sarah,Zhang, Wei,Schonbrunn, Ernst,Bradner, James E.
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p. 2575 - 2581
(2016/12/09)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of cystobactamid 507: A bacterial topoisomerase inhibitor from Cystobacter sp.
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Abstract The first total synthesis of cystobactamid 507, a member of a class of new natural products with strong inhibitory activity towards bacterial topoisomerases, is reported. Synthetic key challenges are the central tetrasubstitued arene and the low chemical reactivity of anilines and ortho-phenolic and isopropoxy-substituted benzoic acids. Biological evaluations demonstrate that cystobactamid 507 inhibits several Gram-positive pathogens but at significantly lower concentrations than described for the larger members of this natural product family.
- Moreno, María,Elgaher, Walid A.M.,Herrmann, Jennifer,Schl?ger, Nadin,Hamed, Mostafa M.,Baumann, Sascha,Müller, Rolf,Hartmann, Rolf W.,Kirschning, Andreas
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p. 1175 - 1178
(2015/06/02)
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- The Albicidin Resistance Factor AlbD Is a Serine Endopeptidase That Hydrolyzes Unusual Oligoaromatic-Type Peptides
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The para-aminobenzoic acid-containing peptide albicidin is a pathogenicity factor synthesized by Xanthomonas albilineans in infections of sugar cane. Albicidin is a nanomolar inhibitor of the bacterial DNA gyrase with a strong activity against various Gram-negative bacteria. The bacterium Pantoea dispersa expresses the hydrolase AlbD, conferring natural resistance against albicidin. We show that AlbD is a novel type of endopeptidase that catalyzes the cleavage of albicidin at a peptide backbone amide bond, thus abolishing its antimicrobial activity. Additionally, we determined the minimal cleavage motif of AlbD with substrates derived by chemical synthesis. Our results clearly identify AlbD as a unique endopeptidase that is the first member of a new subfamily of peptidases. Our findings provide the molecular basis for a natural detoxification mechanism, potentially rendering a new tool in biological chemistry approaches.
- Vieweg, Laura,Kretz, Julian,Pesic, Alexander,Kerwat, Dennis,Gr?tz, Stefan,Royer, Monique,Cociancich, Stéphane,Mainz, Andi,Süssmuth, Roderich D.
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p. 7608 - 7611
(2015/07/02)
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- Perturbation of the c-Myc-Max Protein-Protein Interaction via Synthetic α-Helix Mimetics
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The rational design of inhibitors of the bHLH-ZIP oncoprotein c-Myc is hampered by a lack of structure in its monomeric state. We describe herein the design of novel, low-molecular-weight, synthetic α-helix mimetics that recognize helical c-Myc in its transcriptionally active coiled-coil structure in association with its obligate bHLH-ZIP partner Max. These compounds perturb the heterodimer's binding to its canonical E-box DNA sequence without causing protein-protein dissociation, heralding a new mechanistic class of "direct" c-Myc inhibitors. In addition to electrophoretic mobility shift assays, this model was corroborated by further biophysical methods, including NMR spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance. Several compounds demonstrated a 2-fold or greater selectivity for c-Myc-Max heterodimers over Max-Max homodimers with IC50 values as low as 5.6 μM. Finally, these compounds inhibited the proliferation of c-Myc-expressing cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner that correlated with the loss of expression of a c-Myc-dependent reporter plasmid despite the fact that c-Myc-Max heterodimers remained intact. (Chemical Equation Presented).
- Jung, Kwan-Young,Wang, Huabo,Teriete, Peter,Yap, Jeremy L.,Chen, Lijia,Lanning, Maryanna E.,Hu, Angela,Lambert, Lester J.,Holien, Toril,Sundan, Anders,Cosford, Nicholas D. P.,Prochownik, Edward V.,Fletcher, Steven
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p. 3002 - 3024
(2015/04/27)
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- GLP-1 receptor agonist compounds having stabilized regions
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The disclosure provides GLP-1 receptor agonist compounds having stabilized regions corresponding to alpha-helical regions of the natural peptide compounds. The disclosure also provides benzamide-containing exendin-4 analogs and alkene-constrained exendin-4 analogs, both of which have stabilized regions corresponding to alpha-helical regions of exendin-4.
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Page/Page column 42
(2016/01/09)
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- Relaxation of the rigid backbone of an oligoamide-foldamer-based α-helix mimetic: Identification of potent Bcl-xL inhibitors
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By conducting a structure-activity relationship study of the backbone of a series of oligoamide-foldamer-based α-helix mimetics of the Bak BH3 helix, we have identified especially potent inhibitors of Bcl-xL. The most potent compound has a Ki value of 94 nM in vitro, and single-digit micromolar IC50 values against the proliferation of several Bcl-xL-overexpressing cancer cell lines. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012.
- Yap, Jeremy L.,Cao, Xiaobo,Vanommeslaeghe, Kenno,Jung, Kwan-Young,Peddaboina, Chander,Wilder, Paul T.,Nan, Anjan,MacKerell, Alexander D.,Smythe, W. Roy,Fletcher, Steven
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p. 2928 - 2933
(2012/05/07)
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- 2-O-Alkylated para-benzamide α-helix mimetics: The role of scaffold curvature
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The design and synthesis of a new 2-O-alklyated benzamide α-helix mimetic is described. Comparison with regioisomeric 3-O-alkylated benzamides permits a preliminary evaluation of the role that mimetic curvature has in determining molecular recognition properties.
- Azzarito, Valeria,Prabhakaran, Panchami,Bartlett, Alice I.,Murphy, Natasha S.,Hardie, Michaele J.,Kilner, Colin A.,Edwards, Thomas A.,Warriner, Stuart L.,Wilson, Andrew J.
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p. 6469 - 6472
(2012/09/08)
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- Hydrophobic side-chain interactions in a family of dimeric amide foldamers-potential alpha-helix mimetics
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A series of new alpha-helix mimetics based on a benzamide scaffold and potentially able to disrupt protein-protein interactions have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray analysis. Inspection of the solid state structures of aromatic amide dimers co
- Kulikov, Oleg V.,Incarvito, Christopher,Hamilton, Andrew D.
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p. 3705 - 3709
(2011/08/06)
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- Design, synthesis, and evaluation of an a-helix mimetic library targeting protein-protein interactions
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The design and solution-phase synthesis of an α-helix mimetic library as an integral component of a small-molecule library targeting protein - protein interactions are described. The iterative design, synthesis, and evaluation of the candidate α-helix mimetic was initiated from a precedented triaryl template and refined by screening the designs for inhibition of MDM2/p53 binding. Upon identifying a chemically and biologically satisfactory design and consistent with the screening capabilities of academic collaborators, the corresponding complete library was assembled as 400 mixtures of 20 compounds (20 × 20 × 20-mix),where the added subunits are designed to mimic all possible permutation s of the naturally occurring i, i + 4, i + 7 amino acid side chains of an α-helix. The library (8000 compounds) was prepared using a solution-phase synthetic protocol enlisting acid/base liquid-liquid extractions for purification on a scale that insures its long-term availability for screening campaigns. Screening of the library for inhibition of MDM2/p53 binding not only identified the lead α-helix mimetic upon which the library was based, but also suggests that a digestion of the initial screening results that accompany the use of such a comprehensive library can provide insights into the nature of the interaction (e.g., an α-helix mediated protein-protein interaction) and define the key residues and their characteristics responsible for recognition.
- Shaginian, Alex,Whitby, Landon R.,Hong, Sukwon,Hwang, Inkyu,Farooqi, Bilal,et al.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5564 - 5572
(2009/09/25)
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- HALO-SUBSTITUTED PYRIMIDODIAZEPINES
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The present invention provides PLK1 inhibitor compounds of formula I: useful in the treatment or control of cell proliferative disorders, particularly oncological disorders. These compounds and formulations containing such compounds may be useful in the treatment or control of solid tumors, such as, for example, breast, colon, lung and prostate tumors and other oncological diseases such as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Also provided are intermediate compounds useful in the synthesis of compounds of formula I.
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Page/Page column 12
(2009/12/28)
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- Synthesis of functionalised aromatic oligamide rods
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A current goal in synthetic chemistry is the design and synthesis of molecules that adopt well defined conformations - so called foldamers. In this manuscript we describe a modular approach for construction of rod shaped para-oligobenzamide molecules. Our approach permits regiospecific incorporation of side chains through a phenolic ether linkage on the scaffold; a feature that partly restricts the conformation of the rod through intramolecular hydrogen-bonding. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2008.
- Plante, Jeffrey,Campbell, Fred,Malkova, Barbora,Kilner, Colin,Warriner, Stuart L.,Wilson, Andrew J.
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p. 138 - 146
(2008/09/20)
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