- Trimethylphosphate as a Methylating Agent for Cross Coupling: A Slow-Release Mechanism for the Methylation of Arylboronic Esters
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A methyl group on an arene, despite its small size, can have a profound influence on biologically active molecules. Typical methods to form a methylarene involve strong nucleophiles or strong and often toxic electrophiles. We report a strategy for a new, highly efficient, copper and iodide co-catalyzed methylation of aryl- and heteroarylboronic esters with the mild, nontoxic reagent trimethylphosphate, which has not been used previously in coupling reactions. We show that it reacts in all cases tested in yields that are higher than those of analogous copper-catalyzed reactions of MeOTs or MeI. The combination of C-H borylation and this methylation with trimethylphosphate provides a new approach to the functionalization of inert C-H bonds and is illustrated by late-stage methylation of four medicinally active compounds. In addition, reaction on a 200 mmol scale demonstrates reliability of this method. Mechanistic studies show that the reaction occurs by a slow release of methyl iodide by reaction of PO(OMe)3 with iodide catalyst, rather than the typical direct oxidative addition to a metal center. The low concentration of the reactive electrophile enables selective reaction with an arylcopper intermediate, rather than nucleophilic groups on the arylboronate, and binding of tert-butoxide to the boronate inhibits reaction of the electrophile with the tert-butoxide activator to form methyl ether.
- He, Zhi-Tao,Li, Haoquan,Haydl, Alexander M.,Whiteker, Gregory T.,Hartwig, John F.
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supporting information
p. 17197 - 17202
(2018/12/14)
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- ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS
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Disclosed herein are new antiviral compounds, together with pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more antiviral compounds, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a paramyxovirus viral infection with one or more small molecule compounds. Examples of paramyxovirus infection include an infection caused by human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
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- Therapeutic agent pcnsl (by machine translation)
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The present invention provides a malignant lymphoma therapeutic or preventive agent that comprises as the active ingredient a compound represented by general formula [1] as defined by (I) or (II), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. [1] (I) X is CH or N; R1 is a halogen; R2 is a halogen, H, a cyano, a group represented by general formula [9], [9] an optionally substituted heteroaryl, or the like; R3 is H or a hydroxyl; R4 is H or an alkyl; and R5 is H or an alkyl. (II) X is -CRA, RA is -CORB, RB is an optionally substituted amino, alkoxy, or saturated cyclic amino group; R1 is a halogen; R2 is H; R3is H or a hydroxy; R4 is H or an alkyl; and R5 is H or an alkyl.
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Paragraph 0128
(2016/10/09)
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- Novel S1P1 receptor agonists - Part 3: From thiophenes to pyridines
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In preceding communications we summarized our medicinal chemistry efforts leading to the identification of potent, selective, and orally active S1P 1 agonists such as the thiophene derivative 1. As a continuation of these efforts, we replaced the thiophene in 1 by a 2-, 3-, or 4-pyridine and obtained less lipophilic, potent, and selective S1P1 agonists (e.g., 2) efficiently reducing blood lymphocyte count in the rat. Structural features influencing the compounds' receptor affinity profile and pharmacokinetics are discussed. In addition, the ability to penetrate brain tissue has been studied for several compounds. As a typical example for these pyridine based S1P 1 agonists, compound 53 showed EC50 values of 0.6 and 352 nM for the S1P1 and S1P3 receptor, respectively, displayed favorable PK properties, and penetrated well into brain tissue. In the rat, compound 53 maximally reduced the blood lymphocyte count for at least 24 h after oral dosing of 3 mg/kg.
- Bolli, Martin H.,Abele, Stefan,Birker, Magdalena,Bravo, Roberto,Bur, Daniel,De Kanter, Ruben,Kohl, Christopher,Grimont, Julien,Hess, Patrick,Lescop, Cyrille,Mathys, Boris,Müller, Claus,Nayler, Oliver,Rey, Markus,Scherz, Michael,Schmidt, Gunther,Seifert, Jürgen,Steiner, Beat,Velker, J?rg,Weller, Thomas
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supporting information
p. 110 - 130
(2014/02/14)
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- AMINOPYRAZINE DERIVATIVE AND MEDICINE
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The present invention relates to a compound represented by general formula [1] satisfying the following (I) or (II), or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt of the compound. (I) X is CH or N; R1 is a halogen atom,; and R2 is H, a halogen atom, CN, [2], [3], [8], [9], an —O-alkyl, an —O-(saturated ring), etc. [2]: —C(RC)(RD)(RE) (RC to RE each are H, an alkyl, etc.) [3]: —N(RF)(RG) (RF and RG each are H, OH, amino, a (hetero)aryl, etc.) [8]: —C(═O)RL (RL is an alkyl, OH, an alkoxy, amino, etc.) [9]: a (substituted)phenyl; (II) X is >C—C(—O)R3 (R3 is a (substituted)amino, an alkoxy, OH, etc.); R1 is a halogen atom; R2 is H; R3 is H or OH; and R3 and R4 each are H or an alkyl.
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Page/Page column 46
(2011/12/12)
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- 2-OXO-2- (2-PHENYL-5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDRO-INDOLIZIN-3-YL) -ACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS AS ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS
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The invention provides compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof: wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, A1, L1 and n are as defined herein. These compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful in the manufacture of medicaments for use in the prevention or treatment of a fungal disease. Compounds of formula (I), and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof, may also be used as agricultural fungicides.
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Page/Page column 19
(2011/02/15)
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- NOVEL PYRIMIDINE-PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES
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The invention relates to novel pyrimidine-pyridine derivatives, their preparation and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds. Said compounds particularly act as immunomodulating agents.
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Page/Page column 19
(2011/04/14)
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- PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES AS S1P1/EDG1 RECEPTOR MODULATORS
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The invention relates to novel pyridine derivatives of formula (D, their preparation and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds. Said compounds particularly act as immunomodulating agents. Formula (I) wherein A represents and the other substituents are as defined in the claims.
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Page/Page column 26-27
(2011/09/20)
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- PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES AS S1P1/EDG1 RECEPTOR MODULATORS
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The invention relates to novel pyridine derivatives of formula (D, their preparation and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds. Said compounds particularly act as immunomodulating agents. Formula (I) wherein A represents and the other substituants are as defined in the claims.
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Page/Page column 73
(2009/04/25)
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- PYRIDIN-2-YL DERIVATIVES AS IMMUNOMODULATING AGENTS
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The invention relates to pyridine derivatives of Formula (I), wherein A, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as described in the description, their preparation and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds. Said compounds particularly act as immunomodulating agents.
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Page/Page column 27
(2009/10/22)
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- NOVEL PYRIMIDINE-PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES
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The invention relates to novel pyrimidine-pyridine derivatives, their preparation and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds. Said compounds particularly act as immunomodulating agents. Formula I.
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Page/Page column 47-48
(2009/10/22)
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- Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
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This invention relates to novel pyridazinone derivatives of formula I wherein R1-R4, R7, R8 and X1 are as defined in the summary and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, methods to inhibit or modulate Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase with compounds of formula I, pharmaceutical compositions containing of formula I admixed with at least one solvent, carrier or excipient and processes to prepare compounds of formula I. The compounds are useful for treating disorders in which HIV and genetically related viruses are implicated
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Page/Page column 76
(2010/02/08)
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