- A biocatalytic method for the chemoselective aerobic oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids
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Herein, we present a study on the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids using three recombinant aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs). The ALDHs were used in purified form with a nicotinamide oxidase (NOx), which recycles the catalytic NAD+ at the expense of dioxygen (air at atmospheric pressure). The reaction was studied also with lyophilised whole cell as well as resting cell biocatalysts for more convenient practical application. The optimised biocatalytic oxidation runs in phosphate buffer at pH 8.5 and at 40 °C. From a set of sixty-one aliphatic, aryl-Aliphatic, benzylic, hetero-Aromatic and bicyclic aldehydes, fifty were converted with elevated yield (up to >99%). The exceptions were a few ortho-substituted benzaldehydes, bicyclic heteroaromatic aldehydes and 2-phenylpropanal. In all cases, the expected carboxylic acid was shown to be the only product (>99% chemoselectivity). Other oxidisable functionalities within the same molecule (e.g. hydroxyl, alkene, and heteroaromatic nitrogen or sulphur atoms) remained untouched. The reaction was scaled for the oxidation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (2 g), a bio-based starting material, to afford 5-(hydroxymethyl)furoic acid in 61% isolated yield. The new biocatalytic method avoids the use of toxic or unsafe oxidants, strong acids or bases, or undesired solvents. It shows applicability across a wide range of substrates, and retains perfect chemoselectivity. Alternative oxidisable groups were not converted, and other classical side-reactions (e.g. halogenation of unsaturated functionalities, Dakin-Type oxidation) did not occur. In comparison to other established enzymatic methods such as the use of oxidases (where the concomitant oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes is common), ALDHs offer greatly improved selectivity.
- Knaus, Tanja,Tseliou, Vasilis,Humphreys, Luke D.,Scrutton, Nigel S.,Mutti, Francesco G.
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supporting information
p. 3931 - 3943
(2018/09/11)
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- NOVEL INHIBITORS OF MAP4K1
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The invention relates to novel inhibitors of MAP4K1 (HPK1) useful for the treatment of diseases or disorders characterised by dysregulation of the signal transduction pathways associated with MAPK activation, including hyperproliferative diseases, diseases of immune system dysfunction, inflammatory disorders, neurological diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and methods of treatment of said diseases and disorders. The inhibitors are of formula (I) wherein the definitions for A, D, E, F, R5, R6, R7, Z, ring Q, n, x and y are as given in the application.
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Page/Page column 63; 64
(2018/12/13)
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- Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial evaluation of some novel hydrazone derivatives of 3-chloro-4-hydroxy-benzoic acid
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Hydrazide-hydrazones have gained great importance due to their diverse biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antimalarial and antituberculotic activities. With the aim of obtaining novel hydrazide-hydrazones with a wide spectrum of pharmaceutical applications, herein is reported the synthesis and antibacterial activity of a series of fifteen new hydrazide-hydrazones derivatives synthesized from coupling of methyl-3-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate and 3-chloro-benzylchloride 3. The newly synthesized fifteen hydrazone derivatives 6a-o have been screened against four chosen bacterial strains viz., E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. pyogenes with ampicillin as the standard drug. It is observed that compounds 6m (2,4-di-fluoro), 6n (3,4-di-fluoro) and 6o (2-methyl-4-fluro) exhibit excellent antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition 21-24 mm), while compounds 6j, 6k, 6l having 4-CF3, 4-OCF3 and 2-CF3 substituents display equipotent antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition 19-22 mm).
- Chandrasekhar,Rajasekhar, Narisetty
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p. 902 - 907
(2015/08/06)
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- Multicomponent multicatalyst reactions (MC)2R: One-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydroquinolinones
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A Rh/Pd/Cu catalyst system led to an efficient synthesis of dihydroquinolinones in one-pot, two operations. The reaction features the first triple metal-catalyzed transformations in one reaction vessel, without any intermediate workup. The conjugate-addition/amidation/amidation reaction sequence is highly modular, divergent, and practical.
- Zhang, Lei,Sonaglia, Lorenzo,Stacey, Jason,Lautens, Mark
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supporting information
p. 2128 - 2131
(2013/06/05)
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- MORPHOLINE-SPIROCYCLIC PIPERIDINE AMIDES AS MODULATORS OF ION CHANNELS
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The invention relates to morpholine spirocyclic piperidine amide compounds useful as inhibitors of ion channels. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising the compounds of the invention and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of various disorders.
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Page/Page column 145
(2012/10/07)
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- Simple and efficient method for the halogenation of oxygenated aromatic compounds
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An efficient and mild method for the chlorination and bromination of oxygenated aromatics, with good regioselectivity and excellent yields, using a combination of HX/H2O2/AcOH in petroleum ether is presented. The effect of ultrasound was investigated. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart ? New York.
- Koini, Eftychia N.,Avlonitis, Nicolaos,Calogeropoulou, Theodora
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experimental part
p. 1537 - 1542
(2011/08/03)
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- AMINO ACID COMPOUNDS
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[Problem] To provide novel compounds that are S1P1 receptor agonists and exhibit an immunosuppressive activities by inducing lymphocyte sequestration in secondary lymphoid tissues. In addition, to provide a pharmaceutical agent which comprises the compounds as an effective component, in particular to provide a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent for an autoimmune disease and the like. [Solving Means] Amino acid compounds that are represented by the following Formula (1) are provided
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Page/Page column 63
(2009/12/23)
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- COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS AS MODULATORS OF GPR119 ACTIVITY
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The invention provides compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and methods of using such compounds to treat or prevent diseases or disorders associated with the activity of GPR119; such as, but not limited to, diabetes, obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Formula (I) is a compound, in which A can have up to 2 ring -CH2- group substituted with -C(O)- and can be partially unsaturated with up to 2 double bonds; Wi and W2 are independently selected from CR10 and N; wherein R10 is selected from hydrogen and C1_6alkyl; Yi is selected from NRn, O and S; wherein Rn is selected from hydrogen and C1_ 6alkyl; Y2 and Y3 are independently selected from CH and N; Y4 is selected from CH2, OCH2 and NR15; wherein R15 is selected from hydrogen and C1_6alkyl; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
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Page/Page column 54
(2009/11/29)
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- SUBSTITUTED (AMINOIMINOMETHYL OR AMINOMETHYL) BENZOHETEROARYL COMPOUNDS
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This invention is directed to an (aminoiminomethyl or aminomethyl) benzoheteroaryl compound of formula I which is useful for inhibiting the activity of Factor Xa by combining said compound with a composition containing Factor Xa. The present invention is also directed to compositions containing compounds of the formula I, methods for their preparation, their use, such as in inhibiting the formation of thrombin or for treating a patient suffering from, or subject to, a disease state associated with a physiologically detrimental excess amount of thrombin.
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- Benzopyran derivatives having leukotriene-antagonistic action
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The present invention relates to novel 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran compounds containing benzyloxymethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, or other araliphatic substituents in their 8-position. These compounds show a leukotriene-antagonistic activity. The compounds are characterized by good oral adsorption. The compounds of the present invention may be used as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic medicaments, and in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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- Biologically Active Metabolites of Fungi, I.-Isolation, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Coniothyriomycin as well as Bioassay of Analogous Open-Chain Imides
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The mixed open-chain imide N-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetyl)fumarate (1), named coniothyriomycin, was isolated as a metabolite of the fungus Coniothyrium.The natural product 1 and the analoguos imides 13-15 and 22-24 have been synthesized by base-catalyzed condensation of the imidates 12a-f with acid chlorides 6a-c or the mixed anhydride 21.The compounds 1 and 13-15 were shown to posess remarkable fungicidal and herbicidal activities in short-termed tests. Key Words: Fungal metabolites / Imides, open-chain / Fungicidal activity / Coniothriomycin
- Krohn, Karsten,Franke, Claudia,Jones, Peter G.,Aust, Hans-Juergen,Draeger, Sigfried,Schulz, Barbara
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p. 789 - 798
(2007/10/02)
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- Evaluation of isomeric 4-(chlorohydroxyphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines as dopamine D-1 antagonists
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The isomeric 4-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)- and 4-(4-chloro-3-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines, the N-methyl derivative of the 4-(4-chloro-3-hydroxyphenyl)isomer, and 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline were synthesized and evaluated for dopamine D-1 antagonist activity. The 4-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) and the 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl) isomer possessed similar potencies as D-1 antagonists. Introduction of the N-methyl group enhanced potency about twofold. The 'pharmacophore' for selective dopamine D-1 antagonist activity appears to be a tertiary 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenethylamine.
- Riggs,Nichols,Foreman,Truex
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p. 1887 - 1891
(2007/10/02)
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- Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of producing coronary vasodilation
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Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of producing coronary vasodilation by administering substituted benzofurans, for example 2-n-butyl-3-[4' -(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylamino)propoxybenzoyl] benzofuran.
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