- From off-to on-target: New BRAF-inhibitor-template-derived compounds selectively targeting mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4)
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The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP) kinase 4 (MKK4) was found to be a major regulator of liver regeneration and could be a valuable drug target addressing liver related diseases by restoring its intrinsic regenerative capacity. We report on the synthesis and optimization of novel MKK4 inhibitors following a target-hopping strategy from the FDA-approved BRAFV600E inhibitor PLX4032 (8). Applying an iterative multi-parameter optimization process we carved out essential structural features yielding in compounds with a low nanomolar affinity for MKK4 and excellent selectivity profiles against the main off-targets MKK7 and JNK1, which, upon relevant inhibition, would totally abrogate the pro-regenerative effect of MKK4 inhibition, as well as against the off-targets MAP4K5, ZAK and BRAF with selectivity factors ranging from 40 to 430 for our best-balanced compounds 70 and 73.
- Kl?vekorn, Philip,Pfaffenrot, Bent,Juchum, Michael,Selig, Roland,Albrecht, Wolfgang,Zender, Lars,Laufer, Stefan A.
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supporting information
(2020/11/20)
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- Enantioselective Hydroamination of Alkenes with Sulfonamides Enabled by Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer
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An enantioselective, radical-based method for the intramolecular hydroamination of alkenes with sulfonamides is reported. These reactions are proposed to proceed via N-centered radicals formed by proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) activation of sulfonamide N-H bonds. Noncovalent interactions between the neutral sulfonamidyl radical and a chiral phosphoric acid generated in the PCET event are hypothesized to serve as the basis for asymmetric induction in a subsequent C-N bond forming step, achieving selectivities of up to 98:2 er. These results offer further support for the ability of noncovalent interactions to enforce stereoselectivity in reactions of transient and highly reactive open-shell intermediates.
- Demaerel, Joachim,Graff, David E.,Knowles, Robert R.,Roos, Casey B.
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supporting information
p. 5974 - 5979
(2020/04/27)
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- Searching for novel N1-substituted benzimidazol-2-ones as non-nucleoside HIV-1 RT inhibitors
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Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) represent an integral part of the currently available combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) contributing to reduce the AIDS-mortality and turned the disease from lethal to chronic. In this conte
- Ferro, Stefania,Buemi, Maria Rosa,De Luca, Laura,Agharbaoui, Fatima E.,Pannecouque, Christophe,Monforte, Anna-Maria
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p. 3861 - 3870
(2017/06/13)
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- Towards Uniform Iodine Catalysis: Intramolecular C?H Amination of Arenes under Visible Light
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A photochemical catalytic amination of arenes is presented. The reaction proceeds under benign iodine catalysis in the presence of visible light as the initiator and provides access to a range of differently substituted arylamines. A total of 29 examples demonstrate the broad applicability of this mild oxidation method. The scope of the reaction could further be expanded to silyl-tethered derivatives, which undergo intramolecular amination upon formation of seven-membered heterocycles. Cleavage of the silicon tether provides access to the corresponding 3-substituted anilines.
- Martínez, Claudio,Bosnidou, Alexandra E.,Allmendinger, Simon,Mu?iz, Kilian
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supporting information
p. 9929 - 9932
(2016/07/19)
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- Structure Property Relationships of Carboxylic Acid Isosteres
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The replacement of a carboxylic acid with a surrogate structure, or (bio)-isostere, is a classical strategy in medicinal chemistry. The general underlying principle is that by maintaining the features of the carboxylic acid critical for biological activity, but appropriately modifying the physicochemical properties, improved analogs may result. In this context, a systematic assessment of the physicochemical properties of carboxylic acid isosteres would be desirable to enable more informed decisions of potential replacements to be used for analog design. Herein we report the structure-property relationships (SPR) of 35 phenylpropionic acid derivatives, in which the carboxylic acid moiety is replaced with a series of known isosteres. The data set generated provides an assessment of the relative impact on the physicochemical properties that these replacements may have compared to the carboxylic acid analog. As such, this study presents a framework for how to rationally apply isosteric replacements of the carboxylic acid functional group.
- Lassalas, Pierrik,Gay, Bryant,Lasfargeas, Caroline,James, Michael J.,Tran, Van,Vijayendran, Krishna G.,Brunden, Kurt R.,Kozlowski, Marisa C.,Thomas, Craig J.,Smith, Amos B.,Huryn, Donna M.,Ballatore, Carlo
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p. 3183 - 3203
(2016/05/19)
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- Remote meta C-H bond functionalization of 2-phenethylsulphonic acid and 3-phenylpropanoic acid derivatives
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This discovery illustrates selective meta C-H bond activation from multiple non-equivalent C-H bonds present in medicinally relevant arylethanesulfonic acid and the 2-arylpropanoic acid moiety using weakly coordinating nitrile as a directing group. Transformation of the meta olefinated compounds to important organic molecules has been demonstrated. Efforts were made to obtain mechanistic detail of the meta C-H bond functionalization reaction.
- Modak, Atanu,Mondal, Anirban,Watile, Rahul,Mukherjee, Semanti,Maiti, Debabrata
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supporting information
p. 13916 - 13919
(2016/12/06)
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- COMPOUNDS CAPABLE OF INHIBITING VOLTAGE GATED CALCIUM ION CHANNEL, AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING THE SAME
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Disclosed herein are an N-(pyrazolylmethyl)arylsulfonamide derivative useful as a calcium ion channel blocker, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the medicinal use thereof as a therapeutic agent using its calcium ion channel blocking effect.
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-
Paragraph 0147; 0148
(2015/12/12)
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- Amines vs. N-Oxides as Organocatalysts for Acylation, Sulfonylation and Silylation of Alcohols: 1-Methylimidazole N-Oxide as an Efficient Catalyst for Silylation of Tertiary Alcohols
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A comparison of the relative catalytic efficiencies of Lewis-basic amines vs. N-oxides for the acylation, sulfonylation and silylation of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols is reported. Whilst the amines are generally superior to the N-oxides for acylation, the N-oxides are superior for sulfonylation and silylation. In particular, 1-methylimidazole N-oxide (NMI-O) is found to be a highly efficient catalyst for sulfonylation and silylation reactions. To the best of our knowledge, NMI-O is the first amine or N-oxide Lewis basic organocatalyst capable of promoting the efficient silylation of tert-alcohols in high yield with low catalyst loading under mild reaction conditions.
- Murray, James I.,Spivey, Alan C.
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supporting information
p. 3825 - 3830
(2016/01/25)
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- Discovery of a new class of potent MMP inhibitors by structure-based optimization of the arylsulfonamide scaffold
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A new class of potent matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors designed by structure-based optimization of the well-known arylsulfonamide scaffold is presented. Molecules show an ethylene linker connecting the sulfonamide group with the P1' aromatic portion and a D-proline residue bearing the zinc-binding group. The affinity improvement provided by these modifications led us to discover a nanomolar MMP inhibitor bearing a carboxylate moiety as zinc-binding group, which might be a promising lead molecule. Notably, a significant selectivity for MMP-8, MMP-12, and MMP-13 was observed with respect to MMP-1 and MMP-7.
- Mori, Mattia,Massaro, Assunta,Calderone, Vito,Fragai, Marco,Luchinat, Claudio,Mordini, Alessandro
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supporting information
p. 565 - 569
(2013/07/26)
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- Synthesis and receptor binding studies of novel 4,4-disubstituted arylalkyl/arylalkylsulfonyl piperazine and piperidine-based derivatives as a new class of σ1 ligands
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This study presents the synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of arylalkyl/arylalkylsulfonyl piperazine and piperidine-based derivatives as sigma receptor ligands. It was found that a number of halogen substituted sulfonamides display relatively high and low affinities to σ1 and σ2 receptors, respectively. The σ1 affinities and subtype selectivities of four piperidine derivatives were also found to be generally comparable to those of piperazine analogues. Compared to σ1-Rs compounds with n = 0 and 2, those with n = 1 proved to have optimal length of carbon chain by exhibiting higher affinities. Within this series, the 4-benzyl-1-(3-iodobenzylsulfonyl)piperidine sigma ligand was identified with 96-fold σ1/σ2 selectivity ratio (Kiσ1 = 0.96 ± 0.05 nM and K iσ2 = 91.8 ± 8.1 nM).
- Sadeghzadeh, Masoud,Sheibani, Shahab,Ghandi, Mehdi,Daha, Fariba Johari,Amanlou, Massoud,Arjmand, Mohammad,Hasani Bozcheloie, Abolfazl
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p. 488 - 497
(2013/07/27)
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- Convenient and environment-friendly synthesis of sulfonyl chlorides from S -alkylisothiourea salts via N-chlorosuccinimide chlorosulfonation
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A convenient, practical, and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of sulfonyl chlorides has been developed. Structurally diverse sulfonyl chlorides were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields from S-alkylisothiourea salts, which can be easily prepared from readily accessible alkyl halides or mesylates and inexpensive thiourea, via N-chlorosuccinimide chlorosulfonation. In large-scale syntheses, the byproduct succinimide from 'waste water' can be conveniently converted into the starting reagent N-chlorosuccinimide with sodium hypochlorite (bleach) to make the method sustainable. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York.
- Yang, Zhanhui,Xu, Jiaxi
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p. 1675 - 1682
(2013/07/27)
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- Simple synthesis of sulfonyl chlorides from thiol precursors and derivatives by NaClO2-mediated oxidative chlorosulfonation
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A simple method to synthesize diverse sulfonyl chlorides through NaClO 2-mediated oxidative chlorosulfonation of S-alkyl isothiourea salts is presented. The approach features safe operation, environmental friendliness, convenient purification procedures, and delivers high yields of up to 96%. The procedure is also applicable to substrates such as thiols, disulfides, thioacetates, and xanthates. It is a versatile and convenient method for the synthesis of various sulfonyl chlorides from different thiol precursors and derivatives. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York.
- Yang, Zhanhui,Zheng, Yongpeng,Xu, Jiaxi
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supporting information
p. 2165 - 2169
(2013/10/22)
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- The discovery of N -[5-(4-bromophenyl)-6-[2-[(5-bromo-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy] ethoxy]-4-pyrimidinyl]- N ′-propylsulfamide (macitentan), an orally active, potent dual endothelin receptor antagonist
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Starting from the structure of bosentan (1), we embarked on a medicinal chemistry program aiming at the identification of novel potent dual endothelin receptor antagonists with high oral efficacy. This led to the discovery of a novel series of alkyl sulfamide substituted pyrimidines. Among these, compound 17 (macitentan, ACT-064992) emerged as particularly interesting as it is a potent inhibitor of ETA with significant affinity for the ET B receptor and shows excellent pharmacokinetic properties and high in vivo efficacy in hypertensive Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Compound 17 successfully completed a long-term phase III clinical trial for pulmonary arterial hypertension.
- Bolli, Martin H.,Boss, Christoph,Binkert, Christoph,Buchmann, Stephan,Bur, Daniel,Hess, Patrick,Iglarz, Marc,Meyer, Solange,Rein, Josiane,Rey, Markus,Treiber, Alexander,Clozel, Martine,Fischli, Walter,Weller, Thomas
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p. 7849 - 7861
(2012/10/29)
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- Melanocortin receptor ligands
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Disclosed are MC-4 and/or MC-3 receptor ligands, the ligands having a structure according to Formula (I): wherein R2, R4, R4′, R5, R6, R6′, R7, R8, R8′, R9, R9′, R10, Ar, Z1, Z2, Z3, X, B, D, p, q, r and s are as described in the specification and claims, and optical isomers, diastereomers or enantiomers thereof; pharmaceutically-acceptable salts, hydrates, and biohydrolyzable esters, amides or imides thereof. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the ligands of Formula (I), as well as methods of treating diseases mediate by the MC-4/MC-3 receptors, as described in the Detailed Descriptions section of the specification.
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Page/Page column 32
(2010/11/08)
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- Arylalkane-sulfonamides having endothelin-antagonist activity
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The invention relates to novel aryl-alkane-sulfonamides and their use as active ingredients in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions. The invention also concerns related aspects including processes for the preparation of the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of those compounds and especially their use as endothelin receptor antagonists.
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- N-Sulfonyl homoserine lactones as antagonists of bacterial quorum sensing
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A series of 11 N-sulfonyl homoserine lactones has been synthesised. Some of them were found to competitively inhibit the action of 3-oxohexanoyl-L- homoserine lactone, the natural inducer of bioluminescence in the bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Molecular modeling suggests a possible explanation based on the prevention of structural rearrangements necessary for the formation of the active dimer of LuxR.
- Castang, Sandra,Chantegrel, Bernard,Deshayes, Christian,Dolmazon, René,Gouet, Patrice,Haser, Richard,Reverchon, Sylvie,Nasser, William,Hugouvieux-Cotte-Pattat, Nicole,Doutheau, Alain
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p. 5145 - 5149
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel bicyclic lactam inhibitors of thrombin: Highly potent and selective inhibitors
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The potency and selectivity of a previous series of low molecular weight thrombin inhibitors were improved through modifications of the P1 and P3 residues. Introduction of diphenyl substituted sulfonamides in the P3 moiety led to highly efficacious compou
- St-Denis, Yves,Levesque, Sophie,Bachand, Benoit,Edmunds, Jeremy J.,Leblond, Lorraine,Preville, Patrice,Tarazi, Micheline,Winocour, Peter D.,Siddiqui, M. Arshad
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p. 1181 - 1184
(2007/10/03)
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- Benzyl compounds which inhibit leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA-4
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Disclosed are compounds which bind VLA-4. Certain of these compounds also inhibit leukocyte adhesion and, in particular, leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA-4. Such compounds are useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in a mammalian patient, e.g., human, wherein the disease may be, for example, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, AIDS dementia, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, tissue transplantation, tumor metastasis and myocardial ischemia. The compounds can also be administered for the treatment of inflammatory brain diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
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Page column 71-72
(2010/01/31)
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- Solid-state organic reactions proceeding by pulverization: Oxidation and halogenation with iodosobenzene and inorganic solid-supports
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Pulverization-activation method was employed to accelerate solid-state organic reactions. Crushing and grinding of solid mixtures of hydrogen halide-treated silica gels, iodosobenzene and organic substrates in the absence of a solvent brought about smooth and rapid reactions to give halogenated and/or oxidized products in good yields. Various sulfides were smoothly converted to sulfonyl chlorides in one step in excellent yields. The surface of silica gel activated by pulverization serves as a reaction field on which reagent molecules can effectively encounter with each other.
- Sohmiya, Hajime,Kimura, Takahide,Fujita, Mitsue,Ando, Takashi
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p. 13737 - 13750
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel One-Step Synthesis of Sulfonyl Chlorides from Sulfides with Iodosobenzene and Hydrogen Chloride-Treated Silica Gel
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Alkyl and aryl benzyl sulfides were conveniently converted into the corresponding alkyl and aryl sulfonyl chlorides in high yields with a few minutes' pulverization of solid mixtures with iodosobenzene and hydrogen chloride-treated silica gel.
- Sohmiya, Hajime,Kimura, Takahide,Fujita, Mitsue,Ando, Takashi
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p. 891 - 892
(2007/10/02)
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- Active-Site-Directed Modification of Subtilisin
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This paper describes the development of several competitive inhibitors and mechanism-based inactivators of subtilisin BPN′. Various methyl arylakanesulfonates were prepared and shown to be either competitive inhibitors or selective methylating reagents fo
- Zhong, Ziyang,Bibbs, Jeffrey A.,Yuan, Wei,Wong, Chi-Huey
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p. 2259 - 2263
(2007/10/02)
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- Mechanism in the chlorinolysis of sulfinyl chlorides
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The successful synthesis and chlorinolysis of α-mercaptodimethyl sulfone have provided additional support for our contention that Pummerer rearrangements may occur during the chlorinolyses of α-sulfonyl sulfinyl chlorides.Further exploration of chlorinolyses of α-sulfonyl systems has uncovered the first observation of CS bond cleavage during the chlorinolyses of (i) a sulfinyl chloride and (ii) a sulfinate ester.
- Ahern, Terence Patrick,Haley, Michael Francis,Langler, Richard Francis,Trenholm, June Ellen
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p. 610 - 614
(2007/10/02)
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- Synthesis of Alkanesulphonyl Chlorides from Alkylcobaloximes and Trichloromethanesulphonyl Chloride
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Alkyl- and substituted alkylcobaloximes react photochemically with trichloromethanesulphonyl chloride to give high yields of alkanesulphonyl chlorides. erythro-2-Phenylethylcobaloxime gives an equimolar mixture of erythro- and threo-2-phenylethanesulphonyl chloride and diastereoisomerically pure 1-phenylpropan-2-ylcobaloxime gives a 1:1 mixture of diastereoisomers of 1-phenylpropane-2-sulphonyl chloride.The reaction is believed to proceed through a non-chain process initiated by photolysis of the carbon-cobalt bond.The product alkanesulphonyl chloride is then formed, either by a direct attack of the alkyl radical on the sulphur of trichloromethanesulphonyl chloride, or through capture of the alkyl radical by sulphur dioxide and halogen abstraction by the so-formed alkanesulphonyl radical from trichloromethanesulphonyl chloride.The latter process seems the more likely.No evidence could be obtained for an intermolecular homolytic attack of trichloromethyl radicals on the saturated alkyl ligand.
- Bougeard, Peter,Johnson, Michael D.,Lampman, Gary M.
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p. 849 - 854
(2007/10/02)
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- MECHANISMS OF FREE-RADICAL REACTIONS. XIII. MECHANISM AND SELECTIVITY OF THE FREE-RADICAL HALOGENATION OF ALKYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS WITH FLUOROALKYL SUBSTITUENTS
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The free-radical chlorination and bromination of 1-fluoro-2-arylethanes and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-arylethanes was studied by the method of competing reactions.In all cases a good correalation between log krel and the Brown ?+ constants was observed.The variation of the selectivity in the transition from one reaction series to the other indicates that two independent factors which determine the reactivity (the change in the dissociation energy of the C-H bond and the polar effect of the substituents) have a simultaneous effect.
- Dneprovskii, A. S.,Eliseenkov, E. V.,Mil'tsov, S. A.
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p. 317 - 324
(2007/10/02)
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