- WATER SOLUBLE 3-KETOCOUMARINS
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The present invention relates to novel 3-ketocoumarins with improved water compatibility, which are useful as photoinitiators and to compositions comprising said photoinitiators. The invention also relates to compositions comprising said novel 3-ketocoumarins and to a process for photopolymerizing comprising them.
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Page/Page column 25
(2019/07/19)
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- Pharmacophore and structure-activity relationships of integrase inhibition within a dual inhibitor scaffold of HIV reverse transcriptase and integrase
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Rational design of dually active inhibitors against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) and integrase (IN) has proved viable with 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT) type of non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs). To establish the pharmacophore and study the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of integrase inhibition within a previously disclosed RT/IN dual inhibitor scaffold, new analogues featuring substitution at different sites of the HEPT ring were designed and synthesized. These studies have revealed an IN inhibition pharmacophore that is merged with the known RT pharmacophore through a shared C-6 benzyl group. Further SAR also demonstrated that optimal IN inhibition within our dual inhibitor scaffold requires a regiospecific (N-1) diketoacid (DKA)-carrying pendant with a certain length.
- Wang, Zhengqiang,Tang, Jing,Salomon, Christine E.,Dreis, Christine D.,Vince, Robert
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experimental part
p. 4202 - 4211
(2010/09/12)
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- DRUG ACTIVE IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN
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The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I): in which: R is a linear or branched alkyl group containing between 1 and 3 carbon atoms, Y is CH or N, and p is an integer between 0 and 3 and preferably 0 and 1, and salts thereof, either acid-addition salts with a pharmaceutically acceptable organic or mineral acid, or base-addition salts with a pharmaceutically acceptable organic or mineral base. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the compound of formula (I), and to a pharmaceutical composition comprising it. The invention also relates to the use of an indazole for preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is active in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Page/Page column 16
(2009/06/27)
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- Optically active ester derivatives, preparation process thereof, liquid crystal materials and a light switching element
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Disclosed are herein optically active ester derivatives represented by the formula (I): STR1 (wherein R1 represents an alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms; R2 represents an optically active alkyl or alkoxyalkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms optionally substituted by halogen atoms; Y represents --O--, --COO-- or --OCO--; X represents --COO-- or --OCO--; l represents a number of 1 or 2; k and m each represents a number of 0 or 1; n represents a number of 1 to 6), preparation processes therefor, liquid crystal materials containing such ester derivatives as active ingredient, and a light switching element using said liquid crystal materials as liquid crystal element.
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- OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLYMERS WITH KETOAROMATIC SIDE CHAINS
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UV and CD spectra in the absorption region of the ketoaromatic chromophore of several copolymers of a determined optically active monomer, (-)-menthyl acrylate (MtA), with several unsaturated aromatic ketones, such as 4-vinylacetophenone (ABP), phenyl vinyl ketone (PVK), 4-acryloxybenzophenone (ABP), 2-methoxy-5-tert-butyl-phenyl vinyl ketone (MeOBVK) and 2-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-phenyl vinyl ketone (HOBVK) are reported.The above copolymers either previously described (MtA/VTFA, MtA/VBP, MtA/ABP, MtA/MeOBVK, MtA/HOBVK) or prepared in the present work (MtA/PVK, MtA/VAP), are all substantially stereoirregular having been obtained by free radical copolymerization.In all samples examined the electronic transitions of the ketoaromatic group show induced optical activity, which in some cases can be evidently related to an at least partial conformational order, in spite of the lack of stereoregularity along the backbone.
- Ciardelli, Francesco,Altomare, Angelina,Carlini, Carlo,Ruggeri, Giacomo,Taburoni, Elisa
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p. 533 - 542
(2007/10/02)
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- General Base Catalysis, Structure-Reactivity interactions, and Merging of Mechanisms for Elimination Reactions of (2-Arylethyl)quinuclidinium Ions
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Structure-reactivity parameters and interaction coefficients are reported for elimination reactions of N-(2-arylethyl)quinuclidinium ions and for 2-arylethyl halides and tosylates in 60percent Me2SO/wares at 40 deg C, based on direct measurements of Bronsted β values for general base catalysis by oxyanion buffers, Hammet ρ values, and β1g for substituted quinuclidines.The Bronsted slopes increase from β - 0.67 for N-(2-(p-nitrophenyl)ethyl)quinuclidinium ions, which react by an E1cBirr mechanism, to β ca. 0.9 for the reactions of other N-(2-arylethyl)quinuclidinium ions by a concerted E2 elimination.There is no detectable interaction between the base catalyst and the leaving group for E1cB elimination, so that the interaction coefficient pxy = dβ1g/dpKBH = dβ/dpK1g is ca.0 for the N-(2-(p-nitrophenyl)ethyl)quinuclidinium ions.In contrast, values of β1g become less negative with increasing pKa of the base catalyst for the p-cyano and other N-(2-arylethyl)quinuclidinium ions, giving a constant value of pxy = 0.018 for the E2 elimination reactions of these compounds.The positive pxy coefficient for the N-(2-phenylethyl)quinuclidinium ions is confirmed by the observation of less negative values of β1g as the effective basicity of aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxyde is increased by the addition of Me2SO.An increase in β with poorer leaving groups in the series of 2-(p-nitrophenyl)ethyl halides also corresponds to a positive pxy coefficient and an E2 mechanism.The interaction between the leaving group and central atoms is shown by the less negative values of β1g with electron-withdrawing substituents on the β-phenyl group, which corresponds to a negative coefficient pyy' = -dβ1g/d?- = -dρ/dpK1g = -0.09.A small decrease in β with electron-withdrawing substituents on the β-phenyl group suggests an interaction between the base catalyst and the central atoms that is described by a negative coefficient pxy' = dβ/d?- = dρ/dpKBH = -0.07.The sign of the pyy' and pxy' coefficient are consistent with an important component of proton transfer in the transition state.These properties of the E2 elimination reactions of N-(2-arylethyl)quinuclidinium ions can be described by a reaction coordinate that is rotated 24 deg counterclockwise from the x coordinate (for proton transfer) on a reaction coordinate-energy diagram that is defined by the observed structure-reactivity parameters.In contrast, β increases with increasing ? for elimination reactions of 2-arylethyl bromides with a positive value of pxy' = 0.07.This suggests more diagonal character to the transition state on the reaction coordinate diagram.The change from E1cB to an E2 mechanism is more easily described as a transformation of mechanism than as a change between two coexisting mechanisms.
- Gandler, Joseph R.,Jencks, William P.
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p. 1937 - 1951
(2007/10/02)
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